Search results for "Immunoglobulin E"

Advances in the understanding of mast cell function

2008

Mast cells were formerly thought to contribute mainly to, sometimes even, fatal allergic reactions through the release of biologically highly active cytokines, chemokines, lipid mediators, proteases and biogenic amines. This potential harmful response is triggered by crosslinking of cell-bound IgE by the respective allergen. This review updates our current understanding of the emerging roles of mast cells with an emphasis on their relevance in protective host immunity. The activation of mast cells independently of Immunoglobulin E can lead to the initiation of fast inflammatory reactions, which were shown to be life-saving in murine models of bacterial infections. Besides their critical fun…

Triggers of Exacerbation in Chronic Urticaria and Recurrent Angioedema—Prevalence and Relevance

2021

Patients with urticaria and angioedema often have triggers that cause an outbreak or a swelling episode or worsen their chronic condition. Exploring these factors with each patient may result in better understanding and control of their disease. Patients should be advised to avoid known triggers, if feasible, or prepare to prevent or control an exacerbation with appropriate pretreatment if avoidance is not possible. In this review, we describe and discuss a variety of factors for which there is evidence that they cause or exacerbate chronic spontaneous urticaria and angioedema. These potentially exacerbating factors include drugs, food additives, and naturally occurring pseudoallergens, men…

THE RECOVERY-ELISA—A NOVEL ASSAY TECHNIQUE TO MONITOR THERAPY WITH HUMANIZED ANTIBODIES: THE EXAMPLE OF OMALIZUMAB

2013

The therapeutic use of antibodies has grown exponentially, providing new treatment options for various diseases. Monitoring treatment with therapeutic antibodies is a particular challenge because often the target antigen is no longer measurable or the results are unreliable. To overcome this problem, a recovery-ELISA was developed to quantify therapeutic antibody and antigen by a modification of the traditional sandwich immunoassay using omalizumab as an example. Standard serum samples were spiked with IgE and omalizumab in a certain concentration range to create standard curves. After incubation and washout procedures, the reaction was stopped and the plate read with bichromatic absorbance…

Non-specific bronchial hyper-responsiveness in children with allergic rhinitis: relationship with the atopic status

2003

An increased prevalence of bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) has been demonstrated in children from a general population, and in non-asthmatic adults with allergic rhinitis. Thus, also children with allergic rhinitis are expected to be at higher risk of BHR. We evaluated the prevalence of BHR in a sample of non-asthmatic children with allergic rhinitis by means of the methacholine (Mch) bronchial challenge, and by monitorizing the airway patency using the daily peak expiratory flow variability (PEFv). Fifty-one children (ranged 6-15 years of age) with allergic rhinitis, ascertained by skin prick test to inhalant allergens, underwent a 14-day peak expiratory flow monitoring, and a Mch bro…

Anti-IgE antibodies for the treatment of asthma

2005

Purpose of review Allergic asthma is a hypersensitivity reaction initiated by immunologic mechanisms mediated by IgE antibodies. IgE plays a central role in the initiation and propagation of the inflammatory cascade and thus the allergic response. Targeting factors involved in the allergic response, such as IgE, is a novel strategy for new therapies. Attenuating allergic disease by specifically inhibiting IgE and the development of the monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, omalizumab, were major breakthroughs in asthma management. Recent findings Several studies have shown that omalizumab has significant anti-inflammatory effects and that it may act on multiple components of the inflammatory cascad…

Cytokine Production Profile Of T-lymphocytes In Patients With Allergic Asthma Receiving Anti-IgE Therapy

2010

The respiratory microbiome in bronchial mucosa and secretions from severe IgE-mediated asthma patients

2017

Altres ajuts: This work was supported by Fundació Catalana de Neumología (FUCAP) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES). CIBERES is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. The bronchial microbiome in chronic lung diseases presents an abnormal pattern, but its microbial composition and regional differences in severe asthma have not been sufficiently addressed. The aim of the study was to describe the bacterial community in bronchial mucosa and secretions of patients with severe chronic asthma chronically treated with corticosteroids in addition to usual care according to Global Initiative for Asthma. Bacterial community composition was…

Structure d'attachement dans la dermatite atopique

2011

Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disorder which usually appears before the age of five, and heals naturally little by little after adolescence in over 90% of cases. Why this spontaneous improvement occurs is not clearly established for this multi-factor skin disorder, for which the etiopathology has yet to be determined (immune system maturity?).There is a clear relationship between this pathology and the psyche: major psychological repercussions affecting the quality of life, aggravation or triggering of skin reactions due to stress, alleviation of lesions using psychotherapy. Observation of patterns of attachment is important in the field of psychopathology, but is not often unde…

An allergen-polymeric nanoaggregate as a new tool for allergy vaccination.

2014

Parietaria pollen is one of the major causes of allergic reaction in southern Europe, affecting about 30% of all allergic patients in this area. Specifi immunotherapy is the only treatment able to modify the natural outcome of the disease by restoring a normal immunity against allergens. The preparation of allergen-solid lipid nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for therapeutic proteins, P. judaica major allergen Par j 2, was investigated. The Par j 2 allergen was expressed in a large amount in Escherichia coli and purifid to homogeneity. Its immunological properties were studied by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition. Solid lipid nanoparticles were obtained by …

The effect of treatment with omalizumab, an anti-IgE antibody, on asthma exacerbations and emergency medical visits in patients with severe persisten…

2005

Background:  Patients with severe persistent asthma who are inadequately controlled despite treatment according to current asthma management guidelines have a significant unmet medical need. Such patients are at high risk of serious exacerbations and asthma-related mortality. Methods:  Here, we pooled data from seven studies to determine the effect of omalizumab, an anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) monoclonal antibody, on asthma exacerbations in patients with severe persistent asthma. Omalizumab was added to current asthma therapy and compared with placebo (in five double-blind studies) or with current asthma therapy alone (in two open-label studies). The studies included 4308 patients (2511 tre…