Search results for "Immunosuppressive"
showing 10 items of 293 documents
Resolved versus confirmed ARDS after 24 h: insights from the LUNG SAFE study
2018
Purpose: To evaluate patients with resolved versus confirmed ARDS, identify subgroups with substantial mortality risk, and to determine the utility of day 2 ARDS reclassification. Methods: Our primary objective, in this secondary LUNG SAFE analysis, was to compare outcome in patients with resolved versus confirmed ARDS after 24 h. Secondary objectives included identifying factors associated with ARDS persistence and mortality, and the utility of day 2 ARDS reclassification. Results: Of 2377 patients fulfilling the ARDS definition on the first day of ARDS (day 1) and receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, 503 (24%) no longer fulfilled the ARDS definition the next day, 52% of whom initial…
Comparison of the immunosuppressive efficacy of 6-mercaptopurine, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and 036.5122 (Asta) on the primary and secondary imm…
1976
Two alkylating (cyclophosphamide and 036.5122 Asta) and two antiproliferative agents (6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine) have been compared for their immuno-suppressive potency on the primary and secondary humoral immune response of mice. If equitoxic dosages of the respective drugs are compared, the alkylating agents proved to be of much higher immunosuppressive potency than the antiproliferative agents. In non toxic dosages alkylating agents were able to completely inhibit a primary or secondary immune response, whilst a similar effect with antiproliferative drugs could not be obtained even within toxic dose ranges. Induction of immunological tolerance was possible only by use of the alky…
Metabolism of tresperimus by rat aorta semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO).
2002
Tresperimus (Cellimis), a new immunosuppressive agent, is mainly eliminated in the rat through metabolism, in which the oxidative deamination of the primary amine of the drug plays a major role. We have previously demonstrated in vivo the significant involvement of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) in this reaction. Rat aorta, a tissue with one of the highest specific SSAO activities, was tested as a new in vitro model to elucidate tresperimus metabolism, using a combination of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. The metabolites resulting from the main metabolic pathway of the drug were formed in rat aorta ho…
Long-term efficacy of remission-maintenance regimens for ANCA-associated vasculitides.
2018
International audience; Objective - To compare long-term efficacy of remission-maintenance regimens in patients with newly diagnosed or relapsing antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides. Methods - The 28-month Maintenance of Remission using Rituximab in Systemic ANCA-associated Vasculitis trial compared rituximab with azathioprine to maintain remission in patients with newly diagnosed or relapsing granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis or renal-limited ANCA-associated vasculitis. Thereafter, prospective patient follow-up lasted until month 60. The primary endpoint was the major-relapse rate at month 60. Relapse and serious adverse event-free …
Per-protocol repeat kidney biopsy portends relapse and long-term outcome in incident cases of proliferative lupus nephritis
2019
Abstract Objectives In patients with LN, clinical and histological responses to treatment have been shown to be discordant. We investigated whether per-protocol repeat kidney biopsies are predictive of LN relapses and long-term renal function impairment. Methods Forty-two patients with incident biopsy-proven active proliferative (class III/IV±V) LN from the database of the UCLouvain were included in this retrospective study. Per-protocol repeat biopsies were performed after a median [interquartile range (IQR)] time of 24.3 (21.3–26.2) months. The National Institutes of Health activity index (AI) and chronicity index (CI) scores were assessed in all biopsies. Results Despite a moderate corre…
The effect of CYP3A5 and ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms on tacrolimus dose requirements in Caucasian liver transplant patients
2008
Background: Tacrolimus is a substrate of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 3A enzyme and of the drug transporter ABCBl. We have investigated the effects of possible relevant CYP3A5 and ABCBl single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in both donors and recipients on tacrolimus blood levels achieved in a population of 32 Caucasian liver transplant patients. Material/Methods: At 1, 3 and 6 months after transplantation, tacrolimus doses (mg/kg/day) and trough blood levels (C0) were determined. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used for gen-otyping CYP3A5*3 [6986A>G] as well as ABCBl at exons 21 [2677G>T] and 26 [3435C>T]. Results:87.5…
Rapid progression from oral leukoplakia to carcinoma in an immunosuppressed liver transplant recipient
2002
Immunosuppression used to avoid graft rejection in solid organ transplantation recipients leads to a variety of side-effects, and an increased rate of infections and de novo malignancies. Oral conditions usually associated with immunosuppressive drugs include fungal and viral infection, and lip lesions, but intra-oral carcinoma has not been reported as having a high incidence. This report deals with a male liver transplant recipient receiving FK506 (5 mg/day) and prednisone (20 mg/day) who was diagnosed with a homogeneous leukoplakia on the floor of the mouth 4 months after transplantation, and 4 months later with a squamous cell carcinoma growth at the site of this lesion. The rapid transf…
FTY720 reduces post-ischemic brain lymphocyte influx but does not improve outcome in permanent murine cerebral ischemia.
2011
Background The contribution of neuroinflammation and specifically brain lymphocyte invasion is increasingly recognised as a substantial pathophysiological mechanism after stroke. FTY720 is a potent treatment for primary neuroinflammatory diseases by inhibiting lymphocyte circulation and brain immigration. Previous studies using transient focal ischemia models showed a protective effect of FTY720 but did only partially characterize the involved pathways. We tested the neuroprotective properties of FTY720 in permanent and transient cortical ischemia and analyzed the underlying neuroimmunological mechanisms. Methodology/Principal Findings FTY720 treatment resulted in substantial reduction of c…
The effect of cyclosporin A, FK506 and rapamycin on the murine contact sensitivity reaction
1998
We have evaluated the effects of three potent immunosuppressive agents, cyclosporin A (CsA), FK506 and rapamycin, on the murine contact sensitivity (CS) reaction to the hapten trinitrochlorobenzene. Development of CS reaction requires participation of three distinct T cell subsets: alphabeta+, CD4+ T lymphocytes, which are the classical effector cell of the CS reaction, gammadelta+ T lymphocytes, and alphabeta+, double-negative (CD4- CD8-) T lymphocytes that express the B220 molecule and produce IL-4. We found that all three drugs inhibit the development of the CS reaction, but they affect different target cells. In fact, rapamycin and FK-506 block both alphabeta+, CD4+ and gammadelta+ T ly…
An uncommon presentation of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a case report
2013
Introduction Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare and potentially fatal disease if not readily diagnosed. Cerebral involvement is extremely rare and clinical presentation as hemorrhagic stroke is even rarer. Case presentation A 58-year-old Caucasian man was admitted to our medical unit because of a computed tomography-diagnosed hemorrhagic stroke with right-sided hemiparesis and fever. A chest computed tomography scan also revealed multiple bilateral pulmonary infiltrates; coronary artery, and carotid and left vertebral artery calcifications were also observed. Empiric antimicrobial therapy with cephalosporins was promptly undertaken; low-molecular-weight heparin was intr…