Search results for "Impact."

Nonlinear impact estimation in spatial autoregressive models

2018

International audience; This paper extends the literature on the calculation and interpretation of impacts for spatial autoregressive models. Using a Bayesian framework, we show how the individual direct and indirect impacts associated with an exogenous variable introduced in a nonlinear way in such models can be computed, theoretically and empirically. Rather than averaging the individual impacts, we suggest to graphically analyze them along with their confidence intervals calculated from Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). We also explicitly derive the form of the gap between individual impacts in the spatial autoregressive model and the corresponding model without a spatial lag and show, in…

Mass education or a minority well educated elite in the process of growth: The case of India

2013

Abstract This paper analyzes whether mass education is more growth enhancing in developing countries than having a minority well educated elite. Using Indian Census data as a benchmark and enrollment rates at different levels of education, we compute annual attainment levels for a panel of 16 Indian states from 1961 to 2001. Results indicate that if the reduction in illiteracy stops at the primary level of education, it is not worthwhile for growth. Instead, the findings reveal a strong and significant effect on growth of a greater share of population completing tertiary education. The economic impact is also found to be large: a one percent change in tertiary education has the same effect …

Heterogeneidad en el impacto de la política de becas en la escolaridad secundaria postobligatoria en España: un análisis por subgrupos poblacionales

2013

El presente trabajo analiza el impacto de las becas sobre la probabilidad de finalizar con éxito el nivel secundario postobligatorio en España en el caso de diferentes subgrupos poblacionales. Se aplica un diseño cuasiexperimental (Propensity score matching) a partir de la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida (ECV-2006). Los resultados confirman la existencia de efectos diferenciales positivos (con relación al impacto medio) de la política educativa en el caso de las mujeres y de los alumnos provenientes de hogares desfavorecidos, demostrando la existencia de heterogeneidad en el impacto de la política analizada.

Chapter 4: Direct and indirect drivers of change in biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people.

2018

The aim of this chapter is to assess evidence of the status and trends of the drivers that affect biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people. There are three wider categories of nature’s contributions to people: regulating, material and non-material contributions, that are similar to, but not identical to classifications of ecosystem services (see Chapter 1). Ecosystems are dynamic interacting networks of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms, above and below ground and water-surfaces. These biodiverse networks of interacting organisms respond to a set of environmental factors such as climate, soil, or water conditions. Social-ecological systems also include human activities (di…

Externalities and article citations: experience of a national public health journal (Gaceta Sanitaria)

2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the determinants of citations such as publication year, article type, article topic, article selected for a press release, number of articles previously published by the corresponding author, and publication language in a Spanish journal of public health. Methods: Observational study including all articles published in Gaceta Sanitaria during 2007-2011. We retrieved the number of citations from the ISI Web of Knowledge database in June 2013 and also information on other variables such as number of articles published by the corresponding author in the previous 5 years (searched through PubMed), selection for a press release, publication langua…

L’évaluation de l’éducation entrepreneuriale : construction d’un cadre pour le pilotage et la mesure d’impacts

2020

L'Impact des programmes de formation continue sur les compétences professionnelles des enseignants dans le contexte éducatif syrien (cas de l'enseign…

2014

As in nearly all countries, educational authorities in Syria have concerns about improving the quality of education and about there forms they seek to implement to give teachers the opportunity to acquire new knowledge and skills before and once they start teaching, especially in the context of economic and social change of the magnitude the world lives today. The complexity of the educational context has led the Syrian educational authorities to pay particular attention to programs for initial and continuous training of teachers. To assess the effectiveness of continuous training programs that currently exist in Syria, this thesis has set as its objective to analyze the impact of these pro…

Proton-Hydrogen Charge Exchange and Elastic Scattering in the Faddeev Approach

2000

Results of the application of Faddeev-type integral equations to proton-hydrogen collisions are reported. The approach, realized in the impact parameter representation, incorporates the exact two-particle off-shell Coulomb T-matrices in all ‘triangle’ contributions to the effective potentials. Calculatedtotal and differential electron-transfer as well as differential elastic scattering cross sections show very good agreement with experiment, over a wide range of incident energies.

Deregulated Electric Energy Price Forecasting in NordPool Market using Regression Techniques

2019

Deregulated electricity market day-ahead electrical energy price forecasting is important. It is influenced by external parameters and it is a complicated function. In this work two neighboring regions in the NordPool market are analyzed to provide day-ahead electrical price forecasting using regression techniques. The characteristics of the NordPool market trading behavior leads to unanticipated price peaks at daily, weekly and annual level. The considered two Nordic regions have different energy generation sources (e.g Norway has controllable hydro power, Denmark has non-controllable wind-power) therefore day-ahead electrical energy price forecasting in deregulated market for these two ne…

Quality management in the public sector accounting department - (un)avoidable quality costs and unlikely financial impacts

2017

This paper investigates the nature of quality costs and the likelihood of their having financial impacts in the public sector. An illustrative quality development case project in an accounting department of a Finnish city administration is presented. The empirical data includes answers to a qualitative project question sheet, workshop material and participative observation. Quality problems are classified according to their quality cost category and the extent to which they are avoidable. Some of the quality costs proved unavoidable and some are likely to lack financial impact, exhibiting sticky cost behaviour. The study indicates that certain prevention and appraisal costs in the public se…