Search results for "Impact."
showing 10 items of 1677 documents
Mechanical characterization of bio-based composite/metal laminates for an application in street furniture
2019
In this work, it is proposed to study the influence of three manufacturing parameters in the development of bio-basedcomposite/steel hybrids. These parameters arethe methodof assembly between composite and metal, the distribution of composite and steellayers throughthe thicknessof the hybrid,and the stacking sequence of the composite part of the hybrid. The study was conducted through impact tests at different energies and quasi-static three-point bending tests. For each of these parameters, the influenceon the mechanical properties of the hybrid is evaluated.The results show that these properties depend essentially on the relative distribution of steel and composite through the thickness.
A coupled eco-hydro-geomorphic investigation of basin response to climate change: Examining the role of climate on internal basin dynamics
2009
Much attention has been devoted to assessing the relationship between changes in climate and landscape evolution. Given the complexity of dependence of geomorphic processes on hydrological and vegetation properties of the system, it is not surprising that different studies of fluvial response to climate change often appear contradictory, making difficult to generalize about how any given drainage basin will respond to changes in climate and/or land use. In this study, an integrated geomorphic component of the physically-based, spatially distributed hydrological model, tRIBS, the TIN-based Real-time Integrated Basin Simulator, is used to analyze the sensitivity of landscapes to climate chang…
Total CO2output from Vulcano island (Aeolian Islands, Italy)
2012
[1] Total CO2 output from fumaroles, soil gas, bubbling gas discharges and water dissolved gases discharged from the island, was estimated for Vulcano island, Italy. The CO2 emission from fumaroles from the La Fossa summit crater was estimated from the SO2 crater output, while CO2 discharged through diffuse soil emission was quantified on the basis of 730 measurements of CO2 fluxes from the soil of the island, performed by using the accumulation chamber method. The results indicate an overall output of ≅500 t day−1 of CO2 from the island. The main contribution to the total CO2 output comes from the summit area of the La Fossa cone (453 t day−1), with 362 t day−1 from crater fumaroles and 91…
CO2 output discharged from Stromboli Island (Italy)
2013
Abstract Total CO 2 output from soil gas and plume, discharged from the Stromboli Island, was estimated. The CO 2 emission of the plume emitted from the active crater was estimated on the basis of the SO 2 crater output and C/S ratio, while CO 2 discharged through diffuse soil emission was quantified on the basis of 419 measurements of CO 2 fluxes from the soil of the whole island, performed by using the accumulation chamber method. The results indicate an overall output of ≅ 416 t day − 1 of CO 2 from the island. The main contribution to the total CO 2 output comes from the summit area (396 t day − 1 ), with 370 t/day from the active crater and 26 t day − 1 from the Pizzo sopra La Fossa so…
Atmospheric dispersion of volcanic CO 2 at Vulcano island
2001
Abstract Intensive carbon dioxide emanations occur throughout the island of Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, north of Sicily, Italy). The main sources of CO 2 on the island are the hot fumaroles (∼500°C) of the northern ridge of the La Fossa crater, the fumaroles of the Baia di Levante and the emission areas spread out both on the slopes of the cone and in the nearby plain. The carbon dioxide from the soil can be considered as being emitted at air temperature. In this work, CO 2 concentrations in the air over the island are estimated by means of two numerical codes. This paper takes advantage of the parallel knowledge gained from a previously written paper for SO 2 emissions from the La Fossa …
Evaluation of the environmental impact of volcanic emissions from the chemistry of rainwater: Mount Etna area (Sicily)
2001
Abstract The S, halogen and NO 3 contents of rainwater samples from the Etnean area were studied in order to define the environmental impact of plume emissions on the local environment. Samples, collected on a network of 11 bulk rain gauges, show significant variability in anion content, which can be ascribed to different meteorological and environmental conditions at each sampling site and to a variable distance from the different source areas. Data analysis suggests that S, F, Cl and Br are mainly magma-derived, whereas NO 3 mainly originates from anthropogenic sources. Samples collected from sites close to craters display considerable temporal variability, with increased anion concentrat…
Volcanic steam output directly measured in fumaroles: the observed variations at Vulcano Island, Italy, between 1983 and 1987
1992
The mass of steam emitted by the fumaroles of the crater of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy) was evaluated by using a direct measuring method. Measurements were effected with this method between 1983 and 1987 in nine field campaigns, the results of which are given in this paper. The steam flux measurements were performed by an instrument expressly designed for steam condensation. The estimates of the thermal energy transported daily by the steam gave values of up to 10E12 J. The sharp variations in the total mass outputs recorded in 1984 and 1985 are here interpreted as being a consequence of the probable accumulation of fluid pressure at depth, during the evolution of volcanic activity. Th…
Experimental investigation of the kink effect and the low frequency noise properties in pseudomorphic HEMT’s
2005
The kink effect in low-noise pseudomorphic (AlGaAs/InGaAs) HEMT's has been examined in detail by investigating the steady-state and pulsed I-V characteristics, the behavior of the output conductance dispersion and the performance of the gate leakage current to understand its origin. No clear evidence of impact ionization occurrence in the InGaAs channel at kink bias conditions (V-DS.kink = 1.5 V) has been found, thus suggesting that the predominant mechanism should be attributed to trap-related phenomena. A significant rise of the gate current has been found at very high drain voltages (far from V-DS.kink) associated with low drain current values which is probably due to impact ionization o…
Loyalty Formation for Different Customer Journey Segments
2019
The proliferation of new touchpoints empowers today's customers to design their own journey from search to purchase. To address this new complexity, we segment customers by their use of specific touchpoints in the customer journey, investigate the association of several covariates with segment membership, consider the rise of mobile devices as potential "game changers" of existing segments, and explore how the relationships among product satisfaction, journey satisfaction, customer inspiration, and customer loyalty differ across segments. Based on anticipated utility theory and using latent class analyses on large-scale data from two samples of 2,443 and 2,649 journeys, we identify five tim…
Lessons from the 2018-2019 European droughts : a collective need for unifying drought risk management
2022
Funding Information: This open-access publication was funded by the University of Freiburg. Funding Information: Financial support. The project is supported by the Wassernetzwerk Baden-Württemberg (Water Research Network of the State Baden-Württemberg), which is funded by the Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-Württemberg (Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts of the State Baden-Württemberg) (grant no. AZ. 7532.21/2.1.6) and Maa-ja vesitekniikan tuki ry foundation. Doris E. Wendt acknowledges her support as part of the NERC-funded Groundwater Drought Initiative (NE/R004994/1). Lucy J. Barker was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/R016429/1) a…