Search results for "Imperfect"
showing 10 items of 158 documents
The Role of Intraindustry Trade in Interregional Trade in the Midwest of the US
2007
The subject of international trade among countries has long been of concern to policy makers and academics alike. As economic activity has become more and more international in scope, the potential impact of international trade on regional economic growth and income distribution has become central to many studies. Within economics, the study of industrial organization, particularly with respect to imperfect competition and economies of scale and agglomeration, has influenced developments in international trade theory in the past few decades. In identifying the determinants of trade among countries, issues such as market size, relative level of Gross National Product (GNP) per capita, market…
Robustness of Empirical Vibration Correlation Techniques for Predicting the Instability of Unstiffened Cylindrical Composite Shells in Axial Compress…
2020
Thin-walled carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) shells are increasingly used in aerospace industry. Such shells are prone to the loss of stability under compressive loads. Furthermore, the instability onset of monocoque shells exhibits a pronounced imperfection sensitivity. The vibration correlation technique (VCT) is being developed as a nondestructive test method for evaluation of the buckling load of the shells. In this study, accuracy and robustness of an existing and a modified VCT method are evaluated. With this aim, more than 20 thin-walled unstiffened CFRP shells have been produced and tested. The results obtained suggest that the vibration response under loads exceeding 0.25 of …
Energy-efficient resource allocation for OFDMA two-way relay networks with imperfect CSI
2015
Most of the existed works on the radio resource allocation (RRA) problem commonly assume the channel-state information (CSI) can be perfectly obtained by the transmission source. However, such assumption is not practical in the realistic wireless systems. In this work, we consider the practical implementation issues of resource allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) two-way relay networks: the inaccuracy of channel-state information (CSI) available to the source. Instead, only the estimated channel status is known by the source. In this context, a joint optimization of subcarrier pairing and allocation, relay selection, and transmit power allocation is formulate…
Homogenization of the wave equation in composites with imperfect interface : a memory effect
2007
Abstract In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour of the wave equation with rapidly oscillating coefficients in a two-component composite with e-periodic imperfect inclusions. We prescribe on the interface between the two components a jump of the solution proportional to the conormal derivatives through a function of order e γ . For the different values of γ, we obtain different limit problems. In particular, for γ = 1 we have a linear memory effect in the homogenized problem.
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
2010
ABSTRACT Anidulafungin, micafungin, and caspofungin in vitro activities against Candida metapsilosis , C. orthopsilosis , and C. parapsilosis were evaluated by MICs and time-kill methods. All echinocandins showed lower MICs (mean MICs, 0.05 to 0.71 mg/liter) and the highest killing rates (−0.06 to −0.05 CFU/ml/h) for C. metapsilosis and C. orthopsilosis rather than for C. parapsilosis (mean MICs, 0.59 to 1.68 mg/liter). Micafungin and anidulafungin killing rates were greater than those determined for caspofungin. None of the echinocandins had fungicidal activity against C. parapsilosis .
Flow cytometric assay for estimating fungicidal activity of Amphotericin B in human serum
1992
We describe a simple and rapid bioassay for estimating fungicidal activity of Amphotericin B in human serum using flow cytometry. The method exploits the fact that Candida albicans damaged by Amphotericin B show a decrease in size and take up propidium iodide to exhibit a red fluorescence after deoxycholate treatment. These phenomena display characteristic dose dependencies, and their assessment permits serum fungicidal activity to be broadly grouped into three categories: (1) subfungicidal; (2) fungicidal; and (3) strongly fungicidal. In normal human serum, these three categories correspond to Amphotericin B concentrations of 0 less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml, 0.75-1.5 micrograms/m…
Identification of Candida dubliniensis among oral yeast isolates from an Italian population of human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV+) subjects
2002
Candida dubliniensis, an emerging oral pathogen, phenotypically resembles Candida albicans so closely that it is easily misidentified as such. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of two phenotypic methods, growth at 45 degrees C and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction, for confirming presumptive identification of C. dubliniensis and C. albicans by colony color on CHROMagar Candida (CAC) medium. A combination of these methods was used to establish the prevalence of oral C. dubliniensis in an Italian population of 45 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects. Twenty-two samples (48.9%) were positive for yeasts on CAC medium producing a total …
SCAR-based real time PCR to identify a biocontrol strain (T1) of Trichoderma atroviride and study its population dynamics in soils.
2006
Strains of Trichoderma spp. are known for their antagonistic properties against plant pathogens, some are already on the market, others are under development. In order to launch a strain on the market its perfect identification at the species and strain levels is needed. The aim of this study is to (i) design a SCAR marker for specific identification of strain T1 of Trichoderma atroviride and (ii) monitor population dynamics of this strain in soil by real time PCR. A primer pair targeting a 141-bp fragment enabled specific detection of this strain without cross detection of autochthonous populations of Trichoderma in several field soils. In two soils, population dynamics assessed by real ti…
In vitro and in vivo anticryptococcal activities of a new pyrazolo-isothiazole derivative
2003
We investigated the activity of a pyrazolo-isothiazole derivative (G8) against Cryptococcus neoformans. A first screening test showed that G8 at 10 mg/L inhibited the growth of 14 of 15 clinical isolates tested. Killing experiments showed that fungicidal activity was achieved after 8 h of treatment with G8 at concentrations > or =10 mg/L. In a murine model of systemic cryptococcosis, G8 was effective at prolonging survival compared with the controls. Our data indicate that this new derivative has a potential therapeutic role in infections caused by C. neoformans.
Identification of Colletotrichum species responsible for anthracnose of strawberry based on the internal transcribed spacers of the ribosomal region.
2000
In recent years, different molecular techniques have led to an important progress in the characterisation of Colletotrichum species, but there are no available methods which permit the easy identification of Colletotrichum strains and their assignation to classical species. In the present work, the restriction patterns generated from the region spanning the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S rRNA gene, were used to identify a total of 80 strains of Colletotrichum, the majority of them isolated from strawberry. One of the most interesting results derived from this study was the easy and reliable distinction, using the endonuclease MvnI, between Colletotrichum fragariae…