Search results for "InVEST"
showing 10 items of 2596 documents
Credit market failures and policy
2009
In a simple model of the credit market, based on Stiglitz-Weiss (1981), equilibria are computed and optimal policies to correct market failures are characterized. Some widely applied policies, notably interest-rate subsidies and investment subsidies, are compared to theoretical optimum, and an alternative optimal policy is described which we argue is more robust to model misspecification. An insight on the trade-off between credit policy and infrastructural investment is also offered. A discussion of some aspects of regional policy in Italy's Mezzogiorno is finally presented as an application of the analysis.
Improved Predictability for Foreign Direct Investors by Comprising Different Macroeconomic Levels: A New Model Approach
2020
Foreign direct investments have grown over the last decades which are related to the ongoing globalization process. The current literature shows research works dealing with the topic of influence factors on foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions which may occur during the decision-making process. A new causal model has been developed to get in-depth view on macroeconomic perspective. Motives to do FDI are strongly impacted by macroeconomic factors which may influence upcoming decisions. To be able to understand the impact of the macroeconomic environment on FDI decisions the factors have been diversified and conceptualized, divided into three subgroups of independent latent variables in …
Do market regulations reduce investment? Evidence from European regions
2016
ABSTRACTDo market regulations reduce investment? Evidence from European regions. Regional Studies. This paper investigates the impact of market imperfections on non-farm business sector investment in European regions for 1995–2007, using dynamic panel and generalized method of moments (GMM) methods for estimating a Euler equation. The results show that barriers to entrepreneurship and to trade and investment decrease the productivity of capital, which has negative effects on European regions’ investment. Corruption leads to increased operational costs, creates uncertainty and thereby deters investment. Greater labour market regulation also means higher labour costs. Hiring and firing regula…
Systems-dynamic analysis of employment and inequality impacts of low-carbon investments
2016
Abstract This paper provides a macroeconomic framework to evaluate the social and economic consequences generated by a shift of investment to low-carbon options. We introduce into a standard growth framework a modified Lotka–Volterra model for wage and employment determination to address both the long-run dynamics of the economic system in terms of carbon emission and GDP growth and the short-term macroeconomic fluctuations in terms of unemployment and inequality. We use this framework to compare the results of different combinations of three strategies for carbon emissions reductions: improvement in energy efficiency, expansion of the renewable energy sector, and the direct reduction in ca…
Investments in Latvia
2021
The effective attraction of investments to the national economy is a key factor, which provides favourable conditions to perform structural changes in the national economy, regional development as well as promotes technical progress. Therefore, investments in the public and the private sectors conduce development of the national economy and provide conditions to increase the overall competitiveness of a country. The purpose of research is to evaluate investment processes in Latvia before and after the global financial crisis, revealing investment-related problems. Also, to calculate the level of the desired investment, which would ensure the Latvia’s average GDP growth of 5% per year, accor…
The Role of Risk and Information for International Capital Flows: New Evidence from the SDDS
2012
In this paper, we investigate whether better information about the macroeconomic environment of an economy has a positive impact on its capital inflows, namely portfolio and foreign direct investment (FDI). The purpose of our study is to explicitly quantify information asymmetries by compliance with the IMF's Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS). For FDI, we fi nd statistically signi cant and robust support for this hypothesis: SDDS subscription increased inflows by an economically relevant magnitude of about 60 percent. We also find evidence of aversion against political and macroeconomic risk as determinants of portfolio and FDI flows and use a non-parametric test for spatial correl…
Coevolution of parental investment and sexually selected traits drives sex-role divergence
2016
Sex-role evolution theory attempts to explain the origin and direction of male–female differences. A fundamental question is why anisogamy, the difference in gamete size that defines the sexes, has repeatedly led to large differences in subsequent parental care. Here we construct models to confirm predictions that individuals benefit less from caring when they face stronger sexual selection and/or lower certainty of parentage. However, we overturn the widely cited claim that a negative feedback between the operational sex ratio and the opportunity cost of care selects for egalitarian sex roles. We further argue that our model does not predict any effect of the adult sex ratio (ASR) that is …
Sex roles and the evolution of parental care specialization
2019
Males and females are defined by the relative size of their gametes (anisogamy), but secondary sexual dimorphism in fertilization, parental investment and mating competition is widespread and often remarkably stable over evolutionary timescales. Recent theory has clarified the causal connections between anisogamy and the most prevalent differences between the sexes, but deviations from these patterns remain poorly understood. Here, we study how sex differences in parental investment and mating competition coevolve with parental care specialization. Parental investment often consists of two or more distinct activities (e.g. provisioning and defence) and parents may care more efficiently by s…
Real‐world evidence of tisagenlecleucel for the treatment of relapsed or refractory large B‐cell lymphoma
2021
Abstract Tisagenlecleucel (tisa‐cel) is a second‐generation autologous CD19‐targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy approved for relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B‐cell lymphoma (LBCL). The approval was based on the results of phase II JULIET trial, with a best overall response rate (ORR) and complete response (CR) rate in infused patients of 52% and 40%, respectively. We report outcomes with tisa‐cel in the standard‐of‐care (SOC) setting for R/R LBCL. Data from all patients with R/R LBCL who underwent leukapheresis from December 2018 until June 2020 with the intent to receive SOC tisa‐cel were retrospectively collected at 10 Spanish institutions. Toxicities were graded accor…
Predictors of short- and long-term adherence with a Mediterranean-type diet intervention: the PREDIMED randomized trial.
2016
Background: Dietary intervention success requires strong participant adherence, but very few studies have examined factors related to both short-term and long-term adherence. A better understanding of predictors of adherence is necessary to improve the design and execution of dietary intervention trials. This study was designed to identify participant characteristics at baseline and study features that predict short-term and long-term adherence with interventions promoting the Mediterranean-type diet (MedDiet) in the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) randomized trial. Methods: Analyses included men and women living in Spain aged 55-80 at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Part…