Search results for "InVEST"

showing 10 items of 2596 documents

Genotype-driven pharmacokinetic simulations of warfarin levels in Puerto Ricans.

2020

Abstract Objectives The inter-individual variability of warfarin dosing has been linked to genetic polymorphisms. This study was aimed at performing genotype-driven pharmacokinetic (PK) simulations to predict warfarin levels in Puerto Ricans. Methods Analysis of each individual dataset was performed by one-compartmental modeling using WinNonlin®v6.4. The k e of warfarin given a cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) genotype ranged from 0.0189 to 0.0075 h−1. K a and V d parameters were taken from literature. Data from 128 subjects were divided into two groups (i.e., wild-types and carriers) and statistical analyses of PK parameters were performed by unpaired t-tests. Results In the carrier group (n=6…

medicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeCmax030204 cardiovascular system & hematology030226 pharmacology & pharmacyGastroenterologyArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePharmacokineticsVitamin K Epoxide ReductasesInternal medicineGenotypemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)DosingGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsCYP2C9GenotypingCytochrome P-450 CYP2C9business.industryWarfarinArea under the curveFarmàcia InvestigacióAnticoagulantsHispanic or LatinoAryl Hydrocarbon HydroxylasesWarfarinbusinessmedicine.drugDrug metabolism and personalized therapy
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Effects of an Educational Program for Professional Caregivers on Behavioral Alterations in Nursing Home Residents: Pilot Study

2020

This pilot study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a type of non-pharmacological intervention such as the educating and training of professional caregivers on behavioral alterations and prescription of psychotropic drugs of older adults in nursing homes. One hundred and forty-five people from two nursing homes were randomized to either treatment (educational training program for healthcare professionals) or a no-treatment group. Twenty-two professional caregivers in the experimental group received 20 h of a training program. Five data collection points were collected (pre and post, and three follow-ups, all six months apart). Intervention consisted of the behavioral alterations and psych…

medicine.medical_specialtyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisHealth PersonnelFarmacologíaeducationAncianoPsychological interventionlcsh:MedicinePilot ProjectsArticleEducation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBehavior TherapyIntervention (counseling)DemenciamedicineDementiaHumans030212 general & internal medicinePsicofarmacologíaMedical prescriptioncaring professionalsAgedInvestigación psicológicapsychopharmacologyPsychotropic Drugsbusiness.industrylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthRepeated measures designmedicine.diseaseNursing Homesnursing homebehavioural alterationsCaregiversFamily medicineDementiaTraining programNursing homesbusinessHogares para ancianosEducational program030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Differential effects of MDMA and cocaine on inhibitory avoidance and object recognition tests in rodents.

2017

Introduction Drug addiction continues being a major public problem faced by modern societies with different social, health and legal consequences for the consumers. Consumption of psychostimulants, like cocaine or MDMA (known as ecstasy) are highly prevalent and cognitive and memory impairments have been related with the abuse of these drugs. Aim The aim of this work was to review the most important data of the literature in the last 10 years about the effects of cocaine and MDMA on inhibitory avoidance and object recognition tests in rodents. Development: The object recognition and the inhibitory avoidance tests are popular procedures used to assess different types of memory. We compare th…

medicine.medical_specialtyMDMACognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectN-Methyl-34-methylenedioxyamphetamineEcstasyInvestigación médicaEnsayos clínicosExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyRodentiaPublic problemInhibitory postsynaptic potential03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineCocaineDopamine Uptake Inhibitorsmental disordersmedicineAvoidance LearningAnimalsDrogasPsychiatrymedia_commonMemory DisordersAdrenergic Uptake InhibitorsBehavior AnimalAddictionMDMACognitionRecognition PsychologyInhibitory avoidanceAbstinenceDifferential effects030227 psychiatryEfectos fisiológicosPsychologyEstupefaciente030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugNeurobiology of learning and memory
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Transoral robotic surgery vs open surgery in head and neck cancer: a systematic review of the literature

2020

Background TORS has become one of the latest surgical alternatives in the treatment of oropharynx squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) and has become increasingly accepted by surgeons as a treatment option. Surgical robots were designed for various purposes, such as allowing remote telesurgery, and eliminating human factors like trembling. The study aimed to compare systematic review of the available literature in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) compared with open surgery. Material and Methods We performed a systematic review of the available literature in order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of TORS compared with open surgery. We compared…

medicine.medical_specialtyMEDLINEReviewRessenyes sistemàtiques (Investigació mèdica)Head cancer03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRobotic Surgical ProceduresSystematic reviews (Medical research)Transoral robotic surgerymedicineHumansGeneral DentistrySurvival rateCàncer de capSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neckbusiness.industryOpen surgeryGeneral surgeryHead and neck cancer030206 dentistrymedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Neck cancerCàncer de collOropharyngeal NeoplasmsTreatment OutcomeSystematic reviewOtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck NeoplasmsUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASCarcinoma Squamous CellSurgeryObservational studyOral SurgerybusinessSurgical robotRobots
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Antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain : a systematic review

2012

Many therapies have been proposed for the management of neuropathic pain, and they include the use of different antiepileptic drugs. However, the lack of high quality studies indicates that results on the different neuropathic disorders under study do not recommend a particular drug treatment. This study makes a systematic review of the published literature on the use of several antiepileptic drugs to treat neuropathic pain, and has the objective of considering both its clinical characteristics and pharmacological use, which will depend on their level of scientific evidence and will follow the principles of evidence-based dentistry. The articles were stratified according to their scientific…

medicine.medical_specialtyNeuràlgia del trigeminAlternative medicineMEDLINERessenyes sistemàtiques (Investigació mèdica)Scientific evidencelaw.inventionMalalties del sistema nerviósDrug treatmentRandomized controlled trialSystematic reviews (Medical research)lawmedicineHumansIntensive care medicinePsychiatryGeneral Dentistrybusiness.industryReview-ArticleNervous system Diseases:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Jadad scaleOrofacial Pain - TMJDClinical trialOtorhinolaryngologyNeuropathic painUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASAnticonvulsiusNeuralgiaAnticonvulsantsSurgerybusinessTrigeminal neuralgia
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When a death apparently associated to sexual assault is instead a natural death due to idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: The importance of gamma…

2017

We here report a case involving a 21-year-old female, found dead in a central square of a city in the south of Italy. Initial evidences and circumstances were suggestive of a death associated with a sexual assault. Two peripheral blood and two vitreous humor samples were collected for the purpose of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) testing from the dead body at two different post-mortem intervals (PMIs): approximately 2 (t0) and 36 (t1) hours. The obtained results showed that, between t0 and t1, there was an increase of GHB concentrations in peripheral blood and vitreous humor of 66.3% and 8.1%, respectively. This case was the first evidence of GHB post mortem production in a dead body and n…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologyForensic investigationPhysiologyPoison controlHydroxybutyratesAutopsyVitreous humorHypereosinophilic syndrome01 natural sciencesPathology and Forensic Medicine03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineEosinophiliaHumans030216 legal & forensic medicineCause of deathHematologyHypereosinophilic syndromebusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistrygamma-Hydroxybutyric acidForensic Medicinemedicine.disease0104 chemical sciencesVitreous BodyIssues ethics and legal aspectsDrug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA)ItalyRapeFemalesense organsAutopsymedicine.symptomEosinophilic vasculitisbusinessGHBmedicine.drug
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Benign intracranial hypertension associated to blood coagulation derangements

2006

Abstract Background Benign Intracranial Hypertension (BIH) may be caused, at least in part, by intracranial sinus thrombosis. Thrombosis is normally due to derangements in blood coagulation cascade which may predispose to abnormal clotting activation or deficiency in natural inhibitors' control. The aim of the study is to examine the strength of the association between risk factors for thrombosis and BIH. Patients and methods The incidence of prothrombotic abnormalities among a randomly investigated cohort of 17 patients with BIH, was compared with 51 healthy subjects matched for sex, age, body mass index, height and social background. Results The number of subjects with protein C deficienc…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologymedicine.medical_treatmentGastroenterologysymbols.namesakeProtein C deficiencyIntracranial hypertension blood coagulation fibrinolysisInternal medicineFibrinolysismedicineFisher's exact testAngiologyHematologybiologylcsh:RC633-647.5business.industrylcsh:Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organsHematologymedicine.diseaseThrombosisMethylenetetrahydrofolate reductasesymbolsbiology.proteinOriginal Clinical InvestigationbusinessBody mass index
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Factores de predicción de dosificación inadecuada de rivaroxabán utilizando la ecuación de CKD-EPI

2021

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medicine.medical_specialtyPatientsCKD-EPI:Diseases::Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases::Hematologic Diseases::Blood Coagulation Disorders [Medical Subject Headings]Dosislcsh:RC870-923:Anatomy::Cardiovascular System::Blood Vessels::Arteries::Aorta [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]DosageRivaroxabanRivaroxabánmedicineRenal insufficiency chronicInsuficiencia renal crónicaGynecology:Diseases::Male Urogenital Diseases::Urologic Diseases::Kidney Diseases::Renal Insufficiency::Renal Insufficiency Chronic [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Clinical Trials as Topic::Observational Study as Topic [Medical Subject Headings]business.industry:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Drug Therapy::Drug Dosage Calculations [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology:Persons::Persons::Patients [Medical Subject Headings]NephrologyPacientesDosificaciónbusiness:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Drug Therapy::Drug Prescriptions [Medical Subject Headings]Nefrología
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The INMA INfancia y Medio Ambiente-(Environment and Childhood) project: More than 10 years contributing to environmental and neuropsychological resea…

2017

Background: In 2003 the INMA—INfancia y Medio Ambiente (Environment and Childhood) project, a Spanish national network of birth cohorts including more than 3500 participants, was set up with the aim to assess the health impacts of pre- and postnatal environmental exposures on children. The project has published more than 60 papers on maternal and environmental factors related to neuropsychological development in children, one of the main research interests within the project. With the present review, we evaluate the evidence provided by the INMA project on this topic and discuss how the data can contribute to cover the challenges that children’s environmental health research will face in th…

medicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsExposomePollutantsBreastfeedingMedi ambient010501 environmental sciencesNeuropsychological developmentNeuropsychological Tests01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineChild DevelopmentNeuropsychologyEnvironmental healthmedicinePrenatalAnimalsHumans030212 general & internal medicineChildHealth policy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPregnancybusiness.industry4. EducationPublic healthResearchPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthBrainEnvironmental exposureEnvironmental Exposuremedicine.diseaseNeuropsicologia -- InvestigacióChild developmentINMA project3. Good healthPostnatalEnvironmental PollutantsEnvironmental epidemiologybusinessInfantsEnvironmental epidemiologyInternational Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
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Moderate and severe depression

2000

Background: Despite its importance, no distinction between moderate and severe depression using the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) based on a direct comparison with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) is available. Methods: HAMD-17 and MADRS ratings from N=40 at least moderately depressed inpatients with major depression (DSM-III-R) were analyzed. Linear and non-parametric correlations were computed and a MADRS cut-off score for severe depression using an HAMD-17 score of at least 28 points as reference was estimated. Results: HAMD-17 and MADRS mean scores were 24.6±4.3 and 32.6±5.0 points, respectively. Linear correlation of both scores was r=0.70 (P<0.0005). …

medicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricsPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyRating scaleSample size determinationClinical investigationPredictive value of testsMontgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating ScaleSeverity of illnessmedicineLinear correlationPsychiatryPsychologyClinical psychologyJournal of Affective Disorders
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