Search results for "Inbred BALB C"
showing 10 items of 588 documents
Immunomic, genomic and transcriptomic characterization of CT26 colorectal carcinoma
2013
Background Tumor models are critical for our understanding of cancer and the development of cancer therapeutics. Here, we present an integrated map of the genome, transcriptome and immunome of an epithelial mouse tumor, the CT26 colon carcinoma cell line. Results We found that Kras is homozygously mutated at p.G12D, Apc and Tp53 are not mutated, and Cdkn2a is homozygously deleted. Proliferation and stem-cell markers, including Top2a, Birc5 (Survivin), Cldn6 and Mki67, are highly expressed while differentiation and top-crypt markers Muc2, Ms4a8a (MS4A8B) and Epcam are not. Myc, Trp53 (tp53), Mdm2, Hif1a, and Nras are highly expressed while Egfr and Flt1 are not. MHC class I but not MHC class…
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae Major Virulence Factors Dly, Plasmid-Encoded HlyA, and Chromosome-Encoded HlyA Are Secreted via the Type II S…
2015
ABSTRACT Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae is a marine bacterium that causes septicemia in marine animals and in humans. Previously, we had determined a major role of pPHDD1 plasmid-encoded Dly (damselysin) and HlyA (HlyA pl ) and the chromosome-encoded HlyA (HlyA ch ) hemolysins in virulence. However, the mechanisms by which these toxins are secreted remain unknown. In this study, we found that a mini-Tn 10 transposon mutant in a plasmidless strain showing an impaired hemolytic phenotype contained an insertion in epsL , a component of a type II secretion system (T2SS). Reconstruction of the mutant by allelic exchange confirmed the specific involvement of epsL in HlyA ch secretion. In…
Enhancement by TNF-alpha of reactivation and replication of latent herpes simplex virus from trigeminal ganglia of mice.
1995
The influence of tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukine-1 (IL-1) and IL-3 on the in vitro reactivation frequency and replication rate of trigeminal ganglia of mice latently infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) strain KOS was studied. It could be demonstrated that TNF-alpha and possibility GM-CSF, but not IL-1 and IL-3, enhanced the reactivation frequency and replication of HSV. Interferon alpha/beta (IFN alpha/beta) prevented reactivation and replication.
Co-development of naive CD4+ cells towards T helper Type 1 or T helper type 2 cells induced by a combination of IL.-12 and IL-4
1997
Abstract Cytokines were found to play a key role in Th cell differentiation. Among them IL-12 was shown to be a potent differentiation factor for Th1 cells, whereas IL-4 is the only known cytokine that promotes the development of Th2 cells. Upon addition of comparable amounts of IL-4 and IL-12 to a primary culture of naive CD4 + T cells activated by immobilized anti-CD3 mAb, it was found that the Th1-inducing capacity of IL-12 is dominated by the Th2-promoting effect of IL-4. However, high amounts of IL-12 (10,000 U/ml) in combination with low amounts of IL-4 (100 U/ml) led to the development of a Th cell population that, upon rechallenge, showed a substantial secondary IFN-γ (Th1 cytokine)…
Subdominant CD8 T-Cell Epitopes Account for Protection against Cytomegalovirus Independent of Immunodomination▿ †
2008
ABSTRACTCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection continues to be a complication in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Preexisting donor immunity is recognized as a favorable prognostic factor for the reconstitution of protective antiviral immunity mediated primarily by CD8 T cells. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of CMV-specific memory CD8 T (CD8-TM) cells is a therapeutic option for preventing CMV disease in HSCT recipients. Given the different CMV infection histories of donor and recipient, a problem may arise from an antigenic mismatch between the CMV variant that has primed donor immunity and the CMV variant acquired by the recipient. Here, we have used the BALB/c mouse…
The gamma(2)-MSH peptide mediates a central analgesic effect via a GABA-ergic mechanism that is independent from activation of melanocortin receptors.
2001
Using the latency for tail-flick after thermal stimulation we have assessed the effects of alpha-, gamma(1)- and gamma(2)-MSH on nociceptive threshold in the mice. Intracisternal injections of gamma(2)-MSH induced a distinct analgesia, while gamma(1)-MSH in the same doses gave only a minor analgesia. Intracisternal alpha-MSH instead gave a short-term hyperalgesia. The effect of gamma(2)-MSH was not blocked by any of the MC(4)/MC(3)receptor antagonist HS014, naloxone or by the prior intracisternal administrations of gamma(1)-MSH. However, the gamma(2)-MSH analgesic response was completely attenuated by treating animals with the GABA(A)antagonist bicuculline. The gamma(2)-MSH analgesic effect…
DOTAGA-Trastuzumab. A New Antibody Conjugate Targeting HER2/Neu Antigen for Diagnostic Purposes.
2012
International audience; Improved bifunctional chelating agents (BFC) are required for indium-111 radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) under mild conditions to yield stable, target-specific agents. 2,2',2″-(10-(2,6-Dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl)triacetic acid (DOTAGA-anhydride) was evaluated for mAb conjugation and labeling with indium-111. The DOTA analogue was synthesized and conjugated to trastuzumab-which targets the HER2/neu receptor-in mild conditions (PBS pH 7.4, 25 °C, 30 min) and gave a mean degree of conjugation of 2.6 macrocycle per antibody. Labeling of this immunoconjugate with indium-111 was performed in 75% yield after 1 h a…
A vertebrate globin expressed in the brain.
2000
Haemoglobins and myoglobins constitute related protein families that function in oxygen transport and storage in humans and other vertebrates. Here we report the identification of a third globin type in man and mouse. This protein is predominantly expressed in the brain, and therefore we have called it neuroglobin. Mouse neuroglobin is a monomer with a high oxygen affinity (half saturation pressure, P50 approximately 2 torr). Analogous to myoglobin, neuroglobin may increase the availability of oxygen to brain tissue. The human neuroglobin gene (NGB), located on chromosome 14q24, has a unique exon-intron structure. Neuroglobin represents a distinct protein family that diverged early in metaz…
The Absence of HIF-1α Increases Susceptibility to Leishmania donovani Infection via Activation of BNIP3/mTOR/SREBP-1c Axis
2020
Summary: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is considered a global regulator of cellular metabolism and innate immune cell functions. Intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania have been reported to manipulate host cell metabolism. Herein, we demonstrate that myeloid cells from myeloid-restricted HIF-1α-deficient mice and individuals with loss-of-function HIF1A gene polymorphisms are more susceptible to L. donovani infection through increased lipogenesis. Absence of HIF-1α leads to a defect in BNIP3 expression, resulting in the activation of mTOR and nuclear translocation of SREBP-1c. We observed the induction of lipogenic gene transcripts, such as FASN, and lipid accumulation in inf…
Equal distribution of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in thymus and spleen cells of NZB and BALB/c mice
1984
NZB mice develop an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. Since the detection of immunoregulatory T-cells it has been speculated that disbalances of these cells may be important in the course of the NZB disease. By utilization of monoclonal antibody defining immunoregulatory Lyt subsets and a FACS IV system we investigated whether differences in the number and/or marker densities of given subsets exist between NZB and the normal reference strain BALB/c. Newborn animals and animals up to 60 weeks of age were tested. No significant difference in the percentages nor in the marker densities of theta+, Lyt 1+, and Lyt 2+ cells was observed at any age or sex, neither in spleen nor in thymus. It…