Search results for "Indane"
showing 10 items of 34 documents
Chlorinated hydrocarbons and total mercury in the prey of the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla L.) in the quarken straits of the gulf of both…
1976
Samples of the white-tailed eagle population and its prey were collected from the Quarken straits area of the Gulf of Bothnia, Finland, and were analyzed for DDT, DDD, PCBs, aldrin, lindane, and mercury. Mercury, PCB, and DDE were detected in all animals studied. It was concluded that one of the most important reasons for the poor breeding results of the white-tained eagle (especially hatchability) are the combined effects of the studied pollutants originating for the most part from the fish-eating species in its prey (mergansers and great crested grebes). (JTE)
Polychlorinated organic compounds in the Arctic cod liver: trends and profiles
2000
Polychlorinated organic compounds (POCs) have been measured in Arctic cod liver from Vestertana Fjord for a period of 1987-1998. Significant decrease was observed for DDD (p = 0.043), alpha-HCH (p = 0.001), and gamma-HCH (lindane; p = 0.001). Contents of DDE, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, PCBs, chlordanes, chloronaphthalenes, hexachlorobenzene and polychlorodiphenyl ethers had no significant trend. Contents of three hexa- and two heptachlorodibenzofurans and octachlorodibenzofuran increased slightly from 1987 to 1994, but then at very high rate from 1994 to 1998. Trends of HCHs, profiles of PCBs and levels of chlordanes are in accordance with atmospheric long range transport. The hexa-, …
Kinetics and metabolism of 14C-lindane and 14C-atrazine in early life stages of zebrafish (Brachydanio Rerio)
1990
Abstract Fertilized eggs, yolk sac larvae, and juveniles of zebrafish were exposed to 14C-lindane and 14C-atrazine under static conditions and the uptake was studied for a period of 48 hours. After 24 hours, a number of animals were transferred into pesticide-free running water and the elimination was examined for another 24 hours. The bioconcentration factors (BCFs) as well as the rate constants for uptake and elimination were calculated. Except for the lindane uptake by eggs and the atrazine uptake by juveniles, the steady state was reached within five hours. For all tested developmental stages the bioconcentration factor of lindane distinctly exceeded 100, whereas it was less than 10 in …
PCDDs, PCDFs, PCDTs, PCBs and some other organochlorine compounds in pine needles exposed to pulp and paper mill emissions and effects of waste combu…
1997
Concentrations of semivolatile chlorinated organic compounds α-HCH, lindane, HCB, DDT, DDE, DDD, chlordanes and PCBs, and low-volatility compounds PCDDs, PCDFs and PCDTs in pine needles in a recipient area of the emissions from a pulp and paper mill where also waste combustion was done were measured. Mostly, the concentrations were found to be near the background levels. Elevated concentrations of HCB, some PCB congeners and some HxCDF isomers in samples from two sampling points were observed. Some other possible point sources of these compounds are situated in the vicinity of the pulp and paper mill.. Also the community of Pietarsaari is one possible source of the slightly elevated concent…
Lethal toxicity of Lindane on a teleost fish,Anguilla anguillafrom albufera lake (Spain): Hardness and temperature effects
1988
This paper reports the results of toxicity tests conducted using Anguilla anguilla under three different water temperature (15, 22 and 29 degrees C) and two hardness regimes (250 and greater than 600 ppm CaCO3). The 96-h LC50 increased in the experimental medium (p less than 0.05) by an order of magnitude from 0.32 to 0.45 mg/L between 15 and 29 degrees C. However in the natural medium it is similar (p greater than 0.05) (0.54 to 0.55 mg/L) for these same temperatures. The toxicity of Lindane on eels increased when the water hardness decreased. The 24, 48, 72 and 96-h LC50 for this fish in both media is less at 15 degrees C (96-h LC50 = 0.32 and 0.55 mg/L) than at 29 degrees C (96-h LC50 = …
The effect of time on physiological changes in eel Anguilla anguilla, induced by lindane.
1991
Abstract 1. 1. Eel were exposed to a sublethal concentration of lindane (0.335 ppm) for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr. 2. 2. Concentrations of glycogen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate and lipids were determined in gill tissue after lindane exposure. 3. 3. Gill glycogen descreased and glucose levels increased at 6 hr of treatment, lactate and pyruvate concentration increased between 6 and 48 hr. Total lipid values decreased between 6 and 24 hr; thereafter, the levels increased up to 72 hr of exposure. 4. 4. Clear changes were found in all parameters tested in gill tissues. The observed effects of lindane on metabolism in fish are discussed in relation to acute stress syndrome.
Gas chromatographic determination of organochlorine pesticides in cow milk.
2004
A gas chromatographic method of use in determining the following organochlorine pesticides in cow milk has been adapted and validated: alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH), beta-HCH, lindane, delta-HCH, hexachlorobenzene, aldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, mirex, 2,4-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (2,4-DDT), 4,4-DDT, 2,4-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (2,4-DDD), 4,4-DDD, 2,4-dichlorodiphenylethane (2,4-DDE) and 4,4-DDE. The method studied consists of three steps: the extraction of fat by centrifugation, mixing with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and transfer to a glass column and elution with hexane; purification of the extract via concentrated sulfuric acid treatment; and determination…
Toxicity of lindane, atrazine, and deltamethrin to early life stages of zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio).
1990
Fertilized eggs of zebrafish were exposed under flow-through conditions to several concentrations of the following pesticides: lindane 40, 80, 110, 130, and 150 micrograms/liter; atrazine 300, 1300, and 9100 micrograms/liter; deltamethrin 0.5, 0.8, and 1.2 micrograms/liter. Hatching, abnormalities in development (external deformations, edema, etc.), and mortality were recorded over a period of 35 days. At the end of the experiment, the body lengths of the fish were measured. Survival of juvenile fish after 35 days was reduced by increasing concentrations of all xenobiotics tested: lindane enhanced the mortality from 110 micrograms/liter and atrazine from 1300 micrograms/liter, and deltameth…
Chemical oxidation and reduction of hexachlorocyclohexanes: A review
2019
Abstract Lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane) and its isomers (HCH) are some of the most common and most easily detected organochlorine pesticides in the environment. The widespread distribution of lindane is due to its use as an insecticide, accompanied by its persistence and bioaccumulation, whereas HCH were disposed of as waste in unmanaged landfills. Unfortunately, certain HCH (especially the most reactive ones: γ- and α-HCH) are harmful to the central nervous system and to reproductive and endocrine systems, therefore development of suitable remediation methods is needed to remove them from contaminated soil and water. This paper provides a short history of the use of lindane and a descri…
Unusual response to environmental polarity in a nonlinear-optical benzylidene-type chromophore containing a 1,3-bis(dicyanomethylidene)indane accepto…
2017
One of the strongest known electron-accepting fragments used in the synthesis of organic dyes for applications in nonlinear optics (NLO) is 1,3-bis(dicyanomethylidene)indane (BDMI). By studying a benzylidene-type push-pull chromophore bearing a 5-carboxy-BDMI electron-acceptor and 4-(dimethylamino)aniline donor fragment, we demonstrate that this class of compounds can show unusual response to the polarity of the surrounding medium. The combined results of UV-Vis absorption spectrometry, NMR experiments and computational modeling indicate that the studied compound undergoes a geometrical transformation that involves an increase in the torsion angle ω between the aniline and indane ring syste…