Search results for "Induced"
showing 10 items of 1287 documents
Twenty-year trends in the prevalence of Down syndrome and other trisomies in Europe : impact of maternal age and prenatal screening
2013
This study examines trends and geographical differences in total and live birth prevalence of trisomies 21, 18 and 13 with regard to increasing maternal age and prenatal diagnosis in Europe. Twenty-one population-based EUROCAT registries covering 6.1 million births between 1990 and 2009 participated. Trisomy cases included live births, fetal deaths from 20 weeks gestational age and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly. We present correction to 20 weeks gestational age (ie, correcting early terminations for the probability of fetal survival to 20 weeks) to allow for artefactual screening-related differences in total prevalence. Poisson regression was used. The proportion of births in …
Inhibitor-Induced Dimerization of an Essential Oxidoreductase from African Trypanosomes
2018
Trypanosomal and leishmanial infections claim tens of thousands of lives each year. The metabolism of these unicellular eukaryotic parasites differs from the human host and their enzymes thus constitute promising drug targets. Tryparedoxin (Tpx) from Trypanosoma brucei is the essential oxidoreductase in the parasite's hydroperoxide-clearance cascade. In vitro and in vivo functional assays show that a small, selective inhibitor efficiently inhibits Tpx. With X-ray crystallography, SAXS, analytical SEC, SEC-MALS, MD simulations, ITC, and NMR spectroscopy, we show how covalent binding of this monofunctional inhibitor leads to Tpx dimerization. Intra- and intermolecular inhibitor-inhibitor, pro…
Frequency-modulation spectroscopy with blue diode lasers
2000
Frequency-modulation spectroscopy provides ultrasensitive absorption measurements. The technique is especially adaptable to diode lasers, which can be modulated easily, and has been used extensively in the near-infrared and infrared spectral regions. The availability of blue diode lasers now means that the accessible wavelength region can be increased. We successfully demonstrate wavelength-modulation spectroscopy and two-tone frequency-modulation spectroscopy for the weak second resonance line of potassium at 404.8 nm and for the transition at 405.8 nm in lead, starting from the thermally populated 6p(2) P-3(2) metastable level, information on the modulation parameters is obtained with a f…
Magmatism Along Lateral Slab Edges: Insights From the Diamante-Enotrio-Ovidio Volcanic-Intrusive Complex (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea)
2019
Volcanic‐intrusive complexes often formed along lateral slab edges as a consequence of subduction‐induced mantle flow. We investigate this process in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea by integrating multibeam bathymetry, seismic‐reflection data, regional magnetic anomalies data, and seismological data. The interpretation of the data highlights the presence of magmatic intrusions that locally reach the seafloor forming volcanic edifices. Chimneys, lava flows, and laccoliths are observed beneath and surrounding the volcanoes. The emplacement and cooling of the magma occurred during the Brunhes Chron. The volcanoes are not active even if the hydrothermal activity occurs. The volcanic‐intrusive compl…
España plató de cine: claroscuros de las rutas de cine y televisión
2020
El interés por visitar los lugares donde se rodaron las películas y series de televisión de éxito está presente en la motivación de los viajes recreativos que realizan millones de turistas por todo el mundo. Aunque la imagen internacional de España no se ha construido sobre esta modalidad de turismo, la mejora en las políticas de incentivos fiscales que se ofrecen a las producciones internacionales, junto con la decidida apuesta de los gestores de destinos por ampliar su oferta cultural con rutas de cine y el interés de la industria audiovisual por alargar la vida de las producciones ha revitalizado la vieja idea de convertir el territorio en un plató de cine. El estudio de una muestra repr…
Induced and reduced unbounded operator algebras
2012
The induction and reduction precesses of an O*-vector space \({{\mathfrak M}}\) obtained by means of a projection taken, respectively, in \({{\mathfrak M}}\) itself or in its weak bounded commutant \({{\mathfrak M}^\prime_{\rm w}}\) are studied. In the case where \({{\mathfrak M}}\) is a partial GW*-algebra, sufficient conditions are given for the induced and the reduced spaces to be partial GW*-algebras again.
Improving mRNA-Based Therapeutic Gene Delivery by Expression-Augmenting 3' UTRs Identified by Cellular Library Screening.
2019
Synthetic mRNA has emerged as a powerful tool for the transfer of genetic information, and it is being explored for a variety of therapeutic applications. Many of these applications require prolonged intracellular persistence of mRNA to improve bioavailability of the encoded protein. mRNA molecules are intrinsically unstable and their intracellular kinetics depend on the UTRs embracing the coding sequence, in particular the 3′ UTR elements. We describe here a novel and generally applicable cell-based selection process for the identification of 3′ UTRs that augment the expression of proteins encoded by synthetic mRNA. Moreover, we show, for two applications of mRNA therapeutics, namely, (1) …
miR-15a-3p Protects Against Isoniazid-Induced Liver Injury via Suppressing N-Acetyltransferase 2 Expression
2021
Isoniazid (INH), an effective first-line drug for tuberculosis treatment, has been reported to be associated with hepatotoxicity for decades, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is a Phase II enzyme that specifically catalyzes the acetylation of INH, and NAT2 expression/activity play pivotal roles in INH metabolism, drug efficacy, and toxicity. In this study, we systematically investigated the regulatory roles of microRNA (miRNA) in NAT2 expression and INH-induced liver injury via a series of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analyses. Four mature miRNAs, including hsa-miR-15a-3p, hsa-miR-628-5p, hsa-miR-1262, and hsa-miR-3132, were predicted to …
Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence II: Review of passive measurement setups, protocols, and their application at the leaf to canopy level
2019
Imaging and non-imaging spectroscopy employed in the field and from aircraft is frequently used to assess biochemical, structural, and functional plant traits, as well as their dynamics in an environmental matrix. With the increasing availability of high-resolution spectroradiometers, it has become feasible to measure fine spectral features, such as those needed to estimate sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (F), which is a signal related to the photosynthetic process of plants. The measurement of F requires highly accurate and precise radiance measurements in combination with very sophisticated measurement protocols. Additionally, because F has a highly dynamic nature (compared with othe…
Ventilation, oxidative stress and risk of brain injury in preterm newborn
2020
AbstractPreterm infants have an increased risk of cognitive and behavioral deficits and cerebral palsy compared to term born babies. Especially before 32 weeks of gestation, infants may require respiratory support, but at the same time, ventilation is known to induce oxidative stress, increasing the risk of brain injury. Ventilation may cause brain damage through two pathways: localized cerebral inflammatory response and hemodynamic instability. During ventilation, the most important causes of pro-inflammatory cytokine release are oxygen toxicity, barotrauma and volutrauma. The purpose of this review was to analyze the mechanism of ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI) and the relationship…