Search results for "Induced"

The spectrum of risk factors for contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography or intervention

2014

Abstract Introduction Contrast induced nephropathy is an unfavorable acute event which can complicate the clinical course of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Clinical characteristics predisposing to its occurrence are still rather obscure. Methods We enrolled 591 patients (mean age 64.2 ± 10.98; 449 male and 142 female) who underwent emergency or elective Coronary angiography/Angioplastic in our Cardiologic Division between 10/2006 and 06/2008, paying attention to their Cardiovascular risk factors, dose and type of contrast medium, type and number of affected coronary arteries, pharmacological therapies, baseline renal function and extracoronary atherosclerosis. We performed a univ…

Ultrastructural evidence for protection of the outer hair cells of the inner ear during intense noise exposure by application of the organic calcium …

1999

Outer hair cells could be protected during intense noise exposure by the application of the calcium channel blocker diltiazem given before and after noise treatment. After various experimental approaches, the ultrastructural morphology was analysed for the different animal populations in the basal part of the second turn of the cochlea, which was the most destroyed area after an acute noise trauma caused by a gun shot (sound pressure at the ear drum 156 dB, frequency maximum between 4 and 6 kHz). Compared to untreated control specimens (experimental animal group I), the outer hair cells in the basal part of the second turn of the cochlea were mostly destroyed without any diltiazem applicati…

Effectiveness of a recent topical sialogogue in the management of drug-induced xerostomia

2011

Objectives: Use of certain drugs is the most common aetiology of xerostomia. Systemic sialogogues provide a longer effect than topic ones, but also induce relevant side effects. Topical sialogogues, as malic acid, allow a safe use as they induce no systemic side-effects or pharmacological interactions, being especially interesting in cases of mild hyposalivation and oral dryness, mainly the chronic use of xerostomizing drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of 1% malic acid in patients affected by xerostomia due to antihypertensives or antidepressants. Study Design: 10 patients with drug-induced xerostomia were prospectively evaluated before and after using malic a…

The use of same in chemotherapy-induced liver injury

2018

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains the most common cause of acute liver failure in the Western world. Chemotherapy is one of the major class of drugs most frequently associated with idiosyncratic DILI. For this reason, patients who receive chemotherapy require careful assessment of liver function prior to treatment to determine which drugs may not be appropriate and which drug doses should be modified. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is an endogenous agent derived from methionine. Its supplementation is effective in the treatment of liver disease, in particular intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC). The target of this review is to analyze the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity of the principal antican…

Chronic oral haloperidol and clozapine in rats: A behavioral evaluation.

1999

The present study evaluated chronic oral treatment of rats with haloperidol or clozapine. Drugs were given in the drinking water for a 23-day period . Rat behavior was analyzed once a week in an open field. Rats ingested either 1.7 mg/kg haloperidol or 40 mg/kg clozapine daily. Blood serum analysis revealed concentrations of 6 ng/ml for haloperidol and 22 ng/ml for clozapine at the end of the treatment. Haloperidol decreased overall activity from the onset of treatment. Clozapine showed similar effects only on the last test day. Control animals showed a slight habituation in exploration-related parameters. In conclusion, these results indicate that oral drug administration through the drink…

Nursing care in therapeutic hypothermia in neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. Review of the literature

2018

Abstract Introduction Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy is one of the main causes of neurological damage in the new-born. Therapeutic hypothermia is the current treatment to reduce mortality and disability in new-borns with this condition. Objective To identify nursing care in new-borns with severe to moderate EHI, treated with active therapeutic hypothermia. Materials and methods A review of the scientific literature was carried out in different databases (PubMed, Lilacs, IBECS, Cinhal, OvidSP, Cuiden, Embase and Cochrane Plus) over the last five years. The documentary assessment was carried out by peers and the quality was evaluated using the CEBM and GRADE scales. Results Of the 22 articl…

Application of precision-cut liver slices for the investigation of test substance induced hepatocyte proliferation

2011

Myocardial Protection by Retrograde Cardioplegic Perfusion in the Presence of Acute Coronary Artery Obstruction: An Experimental Study

1992

To investigate retrograde delivery of cardioplegic solutions as a means of enhancing myocardial protection in the presence of coronary artery occlusion, a two-part experimental model was devised. In part 1 (in vitro) the possibility of retroperfusing the entire myocardium during acute occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was assessed. In part 2 (in vivo) acute LAD occlusion was performed in dogs, and during 2 hours of aortic cross-clamping crystalline cardioplegic solution was infused at 20-minute intervals. In group I the infusion was antegrade, via the aortic root, and in group II it was retrograde, via the coronary sinus. Thereafter the LAD snare was released and the do…

Mechanisms underlying noise-induced hearing loss

2006

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is the worldwide leading occupational disease and presents an important socio-economic factor. Despite numerous identified details about its etiology, the underlying mechanisms, which induce NIHL, have been only partially identified. In the present article, we shall discuss possible mechanisms focusing on failure in cellular calcium regulation, leading to a rise in mitochondrial NO production and reactive oxygen species formation. In cases where radical production is significantly elevated, pathological concentrations lead to alterations of cell physiological conditions and finally contribute to NIHL. A more detailed knowledge about the induction of free ra…

Detrimental noise effects on brain's speech functions.

2009

Background noise has become part of our everyday life in modern societies. Its presence affects both the ability to concentrate and communicate. Some individuals, like children, the elderly, and non-native speakers have pronounced problems in noisy environments. Here we review evidence suggesting that background noise has both transient and Sustained detrimental effects on central speech processing. Studies on the effects of noise on neural processes have demonstrated hemispheric reorganization in speech processing in adult individuals during background noise. During noise, the well-known left hemisphere dominance in speech discrimination became right hemisphere preponderant. Furthermore, l…