Search results for "Inequality"

Unequal poverty and equal industrialisation: Finnish wealth, 1750–1900

2018

We present the first comprehensive, long-run estimates of Finnish wealth and its distribution from 1750 to 1900. Using wealth data from 17,279 probate inventories, we show that Finland was very unequal between 1750 and 1850; the top decile owned about 90% of total wealth. This means that Finland was more unequal than the much wealthier economies Britain, France and the US, which goes against the common assumption of richer economies being more unequal. Moreover, when industrialisation took off in Finland, inequality started a downward trajectory. High inequality 1750–1850 was bottom-driven, by a large share of the population owning nothing or close to nothing of value, while economic develo…

Ekonomiczne efekty programu "Rodzina 500 +" w świetle badań budżetów gospodarstw domowych w Polsce

2019

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu programu "Rodzina 500+" na poziom życia gospodarstw domowych w Polsce. W tym celu przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą relacji między samooceną poziomu zaspokajania podstawowych grup potrzeb a dochodami, wydatkami konsumpcyjnymi i wybranymi charakterystykami gospodarstw domowych klasyfikowanych według kryterium typu biologicznego. Porównywano sytuację gospodarstw domowych w roku 2015 i 2017, czyli w roku bezpośrednio poprzedzającym wprowadzenie programu świadczeń wychowawczych i roku, w którym świadczenie to wypłacane było już przez pełne 12 miesięcy. Analiza wykazała, że istniała silna zależność oceny własnej sytuacji ekonomicznej gospodarstw zaró…

Energy inflation and consumption inequality

2023

This paper examines the effects of higher energy prices on consumption inequality for a large panel of 129 advanced and developing economies during the period 1970–2013. The results suggest that energy inflation increases the Gini measure of consumption inequality and reduces (increases) the share of consumption of lower (higher) income deciles. These effects are larger in developing economies, in countries with limited access to finance, in those with weaker monetary policy frameworks, during periods of economic slack and in cases where government transfers do not compensate the poorer deciles during times of adverse income shocks.

The Ratification of Human Rights Treaties: an Economic Analysis

The thesis critically discusses some of the relevant literature in the fields of income inequality and human rights and attempts to bridge these two fields theoretically and empirically.

Isoperimetric inequality from the poisson equation via curvature

2012

In this paper, we establish an isoperimetric inequality in a metric measure space via the Poisson equation. Let (X,d,μ) be a complete, pathwise connected metric space with locally Ahlfors Q-regular measure, where Q > 1, that supports a local L2-Poincare inequality. We show that, for the Poisson equation Δu = g, if the local L∞-norm of the gradient Du can be bounded by the Lorentz norm LQ,1 of g, then we obtain an isoperimetric inequality and a Sobolev inequality in (X,d,μ) with optimal exponents. By assuming a suitable curvature lower bound, we establish such optimal bounds on . © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A non-doubling Trudinger inequality

2005

Hardy’s inequality and the boundary size

2002

We establish a self-improving property of the Hardy inequality and an estimate on the size of the boundary of a domain supporting a Hardy inequality.

On improved fractional Sobolev–Poincaré inequalities

2016

We study a certain improved fractional Sobolev–Poincaré inequality on domains, which can be considered as a fractional counterpart of the classical Sobolev–Poincaré inequality. We prove the equivalence of the corresponding weak and strong type inequalities; this leads to a simple proof of a strong type inequality on John domains. We also give necessary conditions for the validity of an improved fractional Sobolev–Poincaré inequality, in particular, we show that a domain of finite measure, satisfying this inequality and a ‘separation property’, is a John domain.

Autistic Adult Health and Professional Perceptions of It: Evidence From the ASDEU Project

2021

The Autism Spectrum Disorders in the European Union (ASDEU) survey investigated the knowledge and health service experiences of users and providers to generate new hypotheses and scientific investigations that would contribute to improvement in health care for autistic adults. An online survey designed for autistic adults, carers of autistic adults, and professionals in adult services was translated into 11 languages and distributed electronically by organizations and in-country adult service facilities in 2017; 522 autistic adults, 442 carers, and 113 professionals provided answers to the health questions. Professionals, the majority in non-medical services, appeared to be poorly informed …

Haciendo desigualdad de la diferencia: meritocracia y derecho a la identidad cultural. A propósito de la posición del pueblo gitano

2009

The persistent information on high levels of unemployment and premature abandon of school of roma students (with all the precautions with regard to undue generalizations, cases of full integration etc.) allow that the question of the right to a cultural identity turns out to be current, as well as its repercussion in areas as those of education and employment. This work analyzes the implication of the cultural difference, in the concrete case of the roma, taking into account the kind of economica inequality legitimized according to the meritocratic system wich informs the mentioned areas. It is dealing with a dissatisfaction judgement in human rights terms for the situation of a group wich …