Search results for "Inequality"
showing 10 items of 1076 documents
Global, regional, national, and selected subnational levels of stillbirths, neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality, 1980-2015 : a systematic analysi…
2016
BACKGROUND: Established in 2000, Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4) catalysed extraordinary political, financial, and social commitments to reduce under-5 mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. At the country level, the pace of progress in improving child survival has varied markedly, highlighting a crucial need to further examine potential drivers of accelerated or slowed decreases in child mortality. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides an analytical framework to comprehensively assess these trends for under-5 mortality, age-specific and cause-specific mortality among children under 5 years, and stillbirths by geography over time. METHODS: Drawing from ana…
Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study…
2014
BACKGROUND: The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100,000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery.METHODS: We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basi…
CAT in COPD phenotypes (POPE study)
2016
Background: The COPD assessment test (CAT) is widely used for basic symptom evaluation in patients with COPD. The impact of COPD phenotypes on symptom scores using the CAT, however, remains largely unknown. Methods: The POPE-Study (NCT02119494) is an international, multicentre, observational cross-sectional survey of consecutive patients with COPD in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Respiratory symptoms using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale, and the CAT were recorded. Inclusion criteria: age ≥ 40 years, smoking history ≥ 10 pack-years, post-bronchodilator (BD) FEV1/FVC Results: 3366 COPD subjects (66 ± 8.8 yrs, post-BD FEV1 52.8 ± 18.5 % predicted, CAT 17.4 ± 7.…
PELLEGRINO ROSSI RAPPORTEUR DU PROJET DE LOI RELATIF A LA CONSTITUTION POLITIQUE DES COLONIES FRANÇAISES
2018
On 12 June 1840, the lawyer and economist Pellegrino Rossi, Peer of France, entered the Commission chaired by Duke Victor de Broglie and in charge of an investigation of issues related to the slavery and the political constitution of the French colonies. This article aims to examine the role played by Pellegrino Rossi in the debate on the abolition of slavery in the French colonies and the project of political constitution of French colonies of which Rossi was the speaker and editor of the same articles.
Demographic aspects of aging
2021
Abstract Population aging is occurring in almost all developed countries, albeit with differences in timing and intensity. This unprecedented phenomenon is evident not only in the change in the population age structure, but also in the impressive increase in the average length of life. After describing past, current, and future population trends, this contribution presents theories explaining the reasons for this long-term process that is completely reshaping the age structure of the population. It also describes the inequalities in aging (focusing in particular on the differences by gender, education, and cause of death) and introduces some measures of the individual health and economic co…
Motivating Low-Achievers—Relative Performance Feedback in Primary Schools
2021
Abstract Relative performance feedback (RPF) has often been shown to improve effort and performance in the workplace and educational settings. Yet, many studies also document substantial negative effects of RPF, in particular for low-achievers. We study a novel type of RPF designed to overcome these negative effects of RPF on low-achievers by scoring individual performance improvements. With a sample of 400 children, we conduct a class-wise randomized-controlled trial using an e-learning software in regular teaching lessons in primary schools. We demonstrate that this type of RPF significantly increases motivation, effort, and performance in math for low-achieving children, without hurting …
Nonlocal Isoperimetric Inequality
2019
For the nonlocal perimeter, there is also an isoperimetric inequality, and here the main hypothesis used on J is that it is radially nonincreasing.
Racionalismo y emotivismo en perspectiva neuroética
2017
El desarrollo de la neuroética ha tendido a privilegiar el papel de la emoción en detrimento del razonamiento en la deliberación moral. En esta comunicación deseo contraponer dos modelos de deliberación moral que se han articulado desde la neuroética: uno de corte emotivista, desarrollado por Haidt y Lakoff y otro, pretendidamente racionalista, elaborado recientemente por Hugo Mercier. Mi objetivo es determinar si Mercier lleva realmente a cabo una rehabilitación del razonamiento en la neuroética o si, por el contrario, su planteamiento es deudor del de los enfoques emotivistas. PALABRAS CLAVE: neuroética, Lakoff, Haidt, Mercier, deliberación.
Octupole states in Tl207 studied through β decay
2020
The β decay of 207Hg into the single-proton-hole nucleus 207Tl has been studied through γ-ray spectroscopy at the ISOLDE Decay Station (IDS) with the aim of identifying states resulting from coupling of the πs−11/2, πd−13/2, and πh−111/2 shell model orbitals to the collective octupole vibration. Twenty-two states were observed lying between 2.6 and 4.0 MeV, eleven of which were observed for the first time, and 78 new transitions were placed. Two octupole states (s1/2-coupled) are identified and three more states (d3/2-coupled) are tentatively assigned using spin-parity inferences, while further h11/2-coupled states may also have been observed for the first time. Comparisons are made with st…
Quantumness and memory of one qubit in a dissipative cavity under classical control
2019
Hybrid quantum-classical systems constitute a promising architecture for useful control strategies of quantum systems by means of a classical device. Here we provide a comprehensive study of the dynamics of various manifestations of quantumness with memory effects, identified by non-Markovianity, for a qubit controlled by a classical field and embedded in a leaky cavity. We consider both Leggett-Garg inequality and quantum witness as experimentally-friendly indicators of quantumness, also studying the geometric phase of the evolved (noisy) quantum state. We show that, under resonant qubit-classical field interaction, a stronger coupling to the classical control leads to enhancement of quant…