Search results for "Infant"
showing 10 items of 3339 documents
Mortality and cause of death in mucopolysaccharidosis type II-a historical review based on data from the Hunter Outcome Survey (HOS).
2009
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II or Hunter syndrome) is a progressive, multisystemic disease caused by a deficiency of iduronate-2-sulfatase. Patients with the severe form of the disease have cognitive impairment and typically die in the second decade of life. Patients with the less severe form do not experience significant cognitive involvement and may survive until the fifth or sixth decade of life. We studied the relationship of both severity of MPS II and the time period in which patients died with age at death in 129 patients for whom data were entered retrospectively into HOS (Hunter Outcome Survey), the only large-scale, multinational observational study of patients with MPS II.…
Incidence of Narcolepsy in Germany
2015
Study objectives Following the 2009 pandemic, reports of an association between an AS03 adjuvanted H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine and narcolepsy were published. Besides determining background incidence rates for narcolepsy in Germany this study aimed at investigating whether there was a change in incidence rates of narcolepsy between the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and the post-pandemic period on the population level. Design Retrospective epidemiological study on the incidence of narcolepsy with additional capture-recapture analysis. Setting German sleep centers. Patients or participants Eligible were patients with an initial diagnosis of narcolepsy (ICD10 Code G47.4) within the period from Ja…
Influence of social factors on avoidable mortality: a hospital-based case-control study.
2005
Objective. The effect of socioeconomic factors on avoidable mortality at an individual level is not well known, since most studies showing this association are based on aggregate data. The purpose of this study was to determine socioeconomic differences between those patients who die of avoidable causes and those who do not die. Methods. A matched case-control study was carried out regarding in-hospital avoidable mortality (Holland's medical care indicators) that occurred in a university hospital serving a Spanish-Mediterranean population during a 30-month period. Results. We studied 82 cases of death from avoidable causes and 300 controls matched on medical care indicators and age. The var…
How increased pertussis vaccination coverage is changing the epidemiology of pertussis in Italy.
2005
Abstract The epidemiology of pertussis in Italy is described by using data from the statutory notification system and from seroepidemiology studies. Starting from the 1990s, the incidence of pertussis in Italy has shown a sharp decline and is now at the lowest level ever reached. During this time period vaccination coverage has increased from 88% in 1998 to 95% in 2003. In 1996–97, the prevalence of subjects with levels of IgG antibodies against PT greater than 2 EU/ml was 77.6%. The increase in vaccination coverage will probably change the pattern of disease transmission and increase the number of susceptible adults, unless administration of booster doses to adolescents and adults is consi…
Prenatal exposure to cooking gas and respiratory health in infants is modified by tobacco smoke exposure and diet in the INMA birth cohort study
2013
Background: Studies that have evaluated the association between exposure to gas appliances emissions at home with respiratory health in children obtained heterogeneous and limited results. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between the use of gas cooking at home during pregnancy and respiratory problems in children during their first year of life. Methods: In the years 2003 through 2008 pregnant women were enrolled in 4 Spanish areas and visited in different age-points following a common protocol. Outcomes studied (from a questionnaire) were any episode of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), wheezing, persistent cough, chestiness and otitis. The association between ex…
A Cohort Study of Childhood Cancer Incidence after Postnatal Diagnostic X-Ray Exposure
2009
Ionizing radiation is an established cause of cancer, yet little is known about the health effects of doses from diagnostic examinations in children. The risk of childhood cancer was studied in a cohort of 92.957 children who had been examined with diagnostic X rays in a large German hospital during 1976-2003. Radiation doses were reconstructed using the individual dose area product and other exposure parameters, together with conversion coefficients developed specifically for the medical devices and standards used at the radiology department. Newly diagnosed cancers occurring between 1980 and 2006 were determined through record linkage to the German Childhood Cancer Registry. The median ra…
Odontogenic Infections: A 1-year Retrospective Study.
2015
ABSTRACT Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence, demographic patterns and management of odontogenic infections in patients undergoing treatment in an outpatient dental emergency service of a university hospital. Materials and methods In a retrospective study of the year 2012, all patients suffering from odontogenic infections were included. Demographic data, diagnosis and the conducted treatment were analyzed. Odontogenic infections were defined as pulpitis, apical and marginal periodontitis, abscesses and pericoronitis. Results A total of 2,058 out of 4,209 emergency patients suffered from odontogenic infections. The majority (45.0%) had an apical periodontitis,…
Oxidative stress and maternal obesity: Feto-placental unit interaction
2013
Abstract Objective To determine oxidative stress markers in maternal obesity during pregnancy and to evaluate feto-placental unit interaction, especially predictors of fetal metabolic alterations. Patients and methods 40 obese pregnant women (prepregnancy BMI > 30 kg/m²) were compared to 50 control pregnant women. Maternal, cord blood and placenta samples were collected at delivery. Biochemical parameters (total cholesterol and triglycerides) and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, carbonyl proteins, superoxide anion expressed as reduced Nitroblue Tetrazolium, nitric oxide expressed as nitrite, reduced glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase) were assayed by biochemical methods. …
Outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection with and without polar body diagnosis of oocytes.
2008
Objective To compare the reproductive outcome of women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with or without polar body diagnosis of oocytes. Design Nonrandomized retrospective study. Setting University-based human genetic institute in collaboration with a private fertility center. Patient(s) Six hundred seven women undergoing ICSI with polar body diagnosis and 591 women undergoing ICSI without polar body diagnosis at the same time in the same fertility center. Intervention(s) Polar body testing of ICSI oocytes by five-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. Main Outcome Measure(s) Pregnancy rate (positive fetal heartbeats) and live-birth rate (of at least one child). Result(…
The relationship of ocular geometry with refractive error in normal and low birth weight adults
2020
Purpose Low birth weight (BW) individuals have an increased risk for myopic refractive error. However, it is unclear which ocular geometric alterations lead to an increase in myopic refractive error. This study aims to evaluate the impact of ocular biometry in interaction with BW on refractive error. Methods Participants of the prospective, observational, population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) with self-reported BW aged 40–80 years and objective refraction and optical biometry were included. Linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between spherical equivalent with corneal power, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and axial length and its interaction wit…