Search results for "Infimum and supremum"

A pointwise selection principle for metric semigroup valued functions

2008

Abstract Let ∅ ≠ T ⊂ R , ( X , d , + ) be an additive commutative semigroup with metric d satisfying d ( x + z , y + z ) = d ( x , y ) for all x , y , z ∈ X , and X T the set of all functions from T into X . If n ∈ N and f , g ∈ X T , we set ν ( n , f , g , T ) = sup ∑ i = 1 n d ( f ( t i ) + g ( s i ) , g ( t i ) + f ( s i ) ) , where the supremum is taken over all numbers s 1 , … , s n , t 1 , … , t n from T such that s 1 ⩽ t 1 ⩽ s 2 ⩽ t 2 ⩽ ⋯ ⩽ s n ⩽ t n . We prove the following pointwise selection theorem: If a sequence of functions { f j } j ∈ N ⊂ X T is such that the closure in X of the set { f j ( t ) } j ∈ N is compact for each t ∈ T , and lim n → ∞ ( 1 n lim N → ∞ sup j , k ⩾ N , j…

Interpolation properties of Besov spaces defined on metric spaces

2010

Let X = (X, d, μ)be a doubling metric measure space. For 0 < α < 1, 1 ≤p, q < ∞, we define semi-norms When q = ∞ the usual change from integral to supremum is made in the definition. The Besov space Bp, qα (X) is the set of those functions f in Llocp(X) for which the semi-norm ‖f ‖ is finite. We will show that if a doubling metric measure space (X, d, μ) supports a (1, p)-Poincare inequality, then the Besov space Bp, qα (X) coincides with the real interpolation space (Lp (X), KS1, p(X))α, q, where KS1, p(X) is the Sobolev space defined by Korevaar and Schoen [15]. This results in (sharp) imbedding theorems. We further show that our definition of a Besov space is equivalent with the definiti…

Connected sums and the infimum of the Yamabe functional

1986

Importance sampling correction versus standard averages of reversible MCMCs in terms of the asymptotic variance

2017

We establish an ordering criterion for the asymptotic variances of two consistent Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimators: an importance sampling (IS) estimator, based on an approximate reversible chain and subsequent IS weighting, and a standard MCMC estimator, based on an exact reversible chain. Essentially, we relax the criterion of the Peskun type covariance ordering by considering two different invariant probabilities, and obtain, in place of a strict ordering of asymptotic variances, a bound of the asymptotic variance of IS by that of the direct MCMC. Simple examples show that IS can have arbitrarily better or worse asymptotic variance than Metropolis-Hastings and delayed-acceptanc…

Stochastic ordering of classical discrete distributions

2010

For several pairs $(P,Q)$ of classical distributions on $\N_0$, we show that their stochastic ordering $P\leq_{st} Q$ can be characterized by their extreme tail ordering equivalent to $ P(\{k_\ast \})/Q(\{k_\ast\}) \le 1 \le \lim_{k\to k^\ast} P(\{k\})/Q(\{k\})$, with $k_\ast$ and $k^\ast$ denoting the minimum and the supremum of the support of $P+Q$, and with the limit to be read as $P(\{k^\ast\})/Q(\{k^\ast\})$ for $k^\ast$ finite. This includes in particular all pairs where $P$ and $Q$ are both binomial ($b_{n_1,p_1} \leq_{st} b_{n_2,p_2}$ if and only if $n_1\le n_2$ and $(1-p_1)^{n_1}\ge(1-p_2)^{n_2}$, or $p_1=0$), both negative binomial ($b^-_{r_1,p_1}\leq_{st} b^-_{r_2,p_2}$ if and on…

An extension of Guo's theorem via k--contractive retractions

2006

Abstract Let X be a infinite-dimensional Banach space. We generalize Guo's Theorem [D.J. Guo, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of nonlinear operators, Chinese Ann. Math. 2 (1981) 65–80 [English]] to k- ψ -contractions and condensing mappings, under a condition which depends on the infimum k ψ of all k ⩾ 1 for which there exists a k- ψ -contractive retraction of the closed unit ball of the space X onto its boundary.

On Daugavet indices of thickness

2020

Inspired by R. Whitley's thickness index the last named author recently introduced the Daugavet index of thickness of Banach spaces. We continue the investigation of the behavior of this index and also consider two new versions of the Daugavet index of thickness, which helps us solve an open problem which connect the Daugavet indices with the Daugavet equation. Moreover, we will improve the formerly known estimates of the behavior of Daugavet index on direct sums of Banach spaces by establishing sharp bounds. As a consequence of our results we prove that, for every $0<\delta<2$, there exists a Banach space where the infimum of the diameter of convex combinations of slices of the unit ball i…