Search results for "Inflammation."
showing 10 items of 2627 documents
Multicolor fate mapping of Langerhans cell homeostasis
2013
The adult epidermal Langerhans cell network is formed by adjacent proliferative units composed of dividing cells and their terminally differentiated daughter cells.
Langerinneg conventional dendritic cells produce IL-23 to drive psoriatic plaque formation in mice.
2013
Psoriasis is an autoinflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology. Topical application of Aldara cream containing the Toll-like receptor (TLR)7 agonist Imiquimod (IMQ) onto patients induces flares of psoriasis. Likewise, in mice IMQ triggers pathological changes closely resembling psoriatic plaque formation. Key cytokines like IL-23 and type-I IFN (IFN-I), both being produced mainly by dendritic cells (DCs), have been implicated in psoriasis. Although plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) are the main source of IFNα and thought to initiate disease, conventional DCs (cDCs) appear to maintain the psoriatic lesions. Any role of cDCs during lesion formation remains elusive. Here, we report that selective ac…
Melatonin Levels in Children with Obesity Are Associated with Metabolic Risk and Inflammatory Parameters
2021
Melatonin, the hormone of circadian rhythm regulation, is involved in the modulation of mitochondrial activity through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Alteration of circadian rhythms such as sleep is related to obesity and metabolic pathogenesis in adulthood, but studies during childhood are scarce. The present study investigated the association of melatonin with metabolic and inflammatory markers in children with (n = 113) and without obesity (n = 117). Melatonin was measured in saliva four and two hours before bedtime, and after one hour of sleep. Cardiometabolic factors, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, immune markers (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, plasminogen…
Development of intestinal inflammation in double IL-10- and leptin-deficient mice
2004
AbstractLeptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice are resistant in different models of autoimmunity and inflammation, suggesting that leptin regulates immunity and inflammation. To investigate whether leptin deficiency modulates the spontaneous intestinal inflammation observed in interleukin (IL)-10-deficient mice, double IL-10- and leptin-deficient [IL-10 knockout (KO) ob/ob] mice were generated and compared with single IL-10 KO mice for colitis severity. Body weight in IL-10 KO ob/ob mice was significantly reduced compared with that of ob/ob mice. However, when compared with wild-type or IL-10 KO mice, IL-10 KO ob/ob mice were still markedly obese. IL-10 KO and IL-10 KO ob/ob mice developed colitis w…
Associations of physical activity, sedentary time, and diet quality with biomarkers of inflammation in children
2022
We investigated the associations of physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and diet quality with biomarkers of inflammation in 390 children (192 girls, 198 boys) aged 6–8 years. PA energy expenditure (PAEE), light PA, moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and ST were assessed by combined movement and heart rate sensor. Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index was calculated using data from 4 d food records. Body fat percentage (BF%) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), leptin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor-α, and glycoprotein acetyls were measured from fasting blood samp…
Expression and immunohistochemical localization of leptin in human periapical granulomas.
2014
Background Leptin, initially described as an adipocyte-derived hormone to regulate weight control, is expressed in normal and inflamed human dental pulp, being up-regulated during pulp experimental inflammation. Leptin receptor (LER) has been identified in human periapical granulomas. The aim of this study was to analyze and characterize the expression of leptin in human periapical granulomas. Material and Methods Fifteen periapical inflammatory lesions were obtained from extracted human teeth and teeth which underwent periapical surgery. After their morphological categorization as periapical granulomas and gradation of the inflammatory infiltrate, they were examined by immunohistochemistry…
Adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α serum levels in obese and normal weight Peruvian adults with and without chronic periodontitis
2015
Background: TNF-α, an adipokine involved in systemic inflammation and a member of a group of cytokines that stimulate the acute phase reaction, has been related to the pathogenesis of both periodontitis and obesity. The objective of this study was to assess the serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α of periodontally healthy normal weight (NW) patients, NW patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), periodontally healthy obese patients and obese patients with CP. Material and Methods: Ninety-three patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study: 30 periodontally healthy NW patients; 18 NW patients with CP; 21 periodontally healthy obese patients; and 24 obese patients with CP. Anal…
Nutritional supplementation with trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid induces inflammation of white adipose tissue.
2006
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are conjugated dienoic isomers of linoleic acid. Many people supplement their diets with CLAs to attempt weight loss, and the trans-10,cis-12 isomer (t10,c12-CLA) of CLA reduces adiposity in animal models and humans. However, CLA treatment in mice causes insulin resistance that has been attributed to the lipoatrophic state, which is associated with hyperinsulinemia and hepatic steatosis. Here, we investigated the effect of t10,c12-CLA on adipose tissue inflammation, another factor promoting insulin resistance. We confirmed that t10,c12-CLA daily gavage performed in mice reduces white adipose tissue (WAT) mass and adiponectin and leptin serum levels and provo…
Changes of inflammatory mediators in obese patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
2010
Background Obesity is associated with the impairment of immunological functions. The aim of this study was to analyze some inflammatory mediators in obese subjects who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Seventeen consecutive female patients with a BMI ranging from 35 to 45 kg/m2 (obese) and 17 consecutive female patients with BMI ranging from 20 to 25 kg/m2 (nonobese) were included in the study. All patients were affected by symptomatic gallbladder stone disease and underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Changes in levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, IL-6, IL-10, leptin, and adiponectin were evaluated. Results We observed a significant increase in leukocyte and neutrophil level…
Bisphenol-A impairs insulin action and up-regulates inflammatory pathways in human subcutaneous adipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells.
2013
Current evidence indicates that chemical pollutants may interfere with the homeostatic control of nutrient metabolism, thereby contributing to the increased prevalence of metabolic disorders. Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a lipophilic compound contained in plastic which is considered a candidate for impairing energy and glucose metabolism. We have investigated the impact of low doses of BPA on adipocyte metabolic functions. Human adipocytes derived from subcutaneous adipose tissue and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were incubated with BPA, in order to evaluate the effect on glucose utilization, insulin sensitivity and cytokine secretion. Treatment with 1 nM BPA significantly inhibited insulin-stimulate…