Search results for "Information Science"
showing 10 items of 3627 documents
HOWERD: A Hidden Markov Model for Automatic OWL-ERD Alignment
2016
The HOWERD model for estimating the most likely alignment between an OWL ontology and an Entity Relation Diagram (ERD) is presented. Automatic alignment between relational schema and ontology represents a big challenge in Semantic Web research due to the different expressiveness of these representations. A relational schema is less expressive than the ontology; this is a non trivial problem when accessing data via an ontology and for ontology storing by means of a relational schema. Existent alignment methodologies fail in loosing some contents of the involved representations because the ontology captures more semantic information, and several elements are left unaligned. HOWERD relies on a…
Spatialization of the Semantic Web
2012
syntax for Horn-like rules. The SWRL as the form, antecedentconsequent, where both antecedent and consequent are conjunctions of atoms written a1^ ... ^ an. Atoms in rules can be of the form C(x), P(x,y), Q(x,z), sameAs(x,y), differentFrom(x,y), or builtIn(pred, z1, ..., zn), where C is an OWL description, P is an OWL individual-valued property, Q is an OWL data-valued property, pred is a datatype predicate URIref, x and y are either individual-valued variables or OWL individuals, and z, z1, ... zn are either data-valued variables or OWL data literals. An OWL data literal is either a typed literal or a plain literal. Variables are indicated by using the standard convention of prefixing the…
Working with Multiple Ontologies on the Semantic Web.
2016
The standardization of the second generation Web Ontology Language, OWL, leaves a crucial issue for Web-based ontologies unsatisfactorily resolved: how to represent and reason with multiple distinct, but linked, ontologies. OWL provides the owl:imports construct which, roughly, allows Web ontologies to include other Web ontologies, but only by merging all the linked ontologies into a single logical "space". Recent work on multidimensional logics, fusions and other combinations of modal logics, distributed and contextual logics, and the like have tried to find formalisms wherein knowledge bases (and their logic) are kept more distinct but yet affect each other. These formalisms have various …
OntoSTEP: Enriching product model data using ontologies
2012
The representation and management of product lifecycle information is critical to any manufacturing organization. Different modeling languages are used at different lifecycle stages, for example STEP's EXPRESS may be used at a detailed design stage, while UML may be used for initial design stages. It is necessary to consolidate product information created using these different languages to build a coherent knowledge base. In this paper, we present an approach to enable the translation of STEP schema and its instances to Ontology Web Language (OWL). This gives a model-which we call OntoSTEP-that can easily be integrated with any OWL ontologies to create a semantically rich model. As an examp…
Formation aux TIC : comment acquérir des compétences durables ?
2013
International audience; L'actualité des TIC est dominée en partie par l'agenda européen (Pillar VI: Enhancing digital literacy, skills and inclusion) et national, avec par exemple en France la "feuille de route" qui prévoit de faire du numérique "un pilier de la refondation de l'école" avec "l'entrée du numérique dans les enseignements scolaires", "la formation des enseignants aux usages du numérique" ou le "projet France universités numériques". Cette approche dépasse donc la question de l'enseignement de la science informatique pour poser celui de la formation durable des enseignants et des apprenants aux usages du numérique. Dès lors, comment transmettre des compétences durables, pilier …
L'évolution des compétences et des métiers de la culture scientifique et technique
2008
National audience
L'introuvable médiateur culturel
2009
National audience; Si la médiation culturelle a fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches qui ont permis de la définir tant comme objet scientifique que comme pratique active, il est en revanche beaucoup plus délicat de cerner l'identité professionnelle des médiateurs. Cette communication tente de montrer comment la fonction de médiateur culturel se superpose, jusqu'au brouillage, avec un ensemble de fonctions liées à la production et à la diffusion des œuvres. La démonstration s'appuie notamment sur un échantillon de 614 chercheurs d'emploi extrait de la bourse d'emploi CORTEX-CULTUREMPLOI.COM, traité de façon dynamique par le logiciel de gestion des compétences SeeK (® Triviumsoft), dit des «…
Le médiateur culturel ou l'engagement à l'épreuve de la professionnalisation
2013
National audience
La transmission en trois temps trois mouvements
2014
International audience; Les études se consacrant à la transmission touchent des domaines variés : éducation, histoire, psychologie et psychanalyse, sociologie et anthropologie, communication. Si pendant les années 70, la transmission représentait l’image du conservatisme, cette thématique est à nouveau d’actualité : questionnement sur les différentes formes de mémoire (nationales, sociales), construction des identités, etc. De fait, transmettre re-devient un élément fondamental et positif dans la société.Au cœur des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication, le terme transmission évoque pourtant une multitude de possibles : transmission de savoir(s), d’identité, de pare…
How critical thinking should be at the heart of digital interactions?
2018
In this paper, we explore how to teach critical thinking in the digital age, in order to promote the autonomy of practitioners. An interaction theory is proposed to identify the constraints that structure digital creativity. This model helps to design a critical pedagogy, linking without opposing a procedural approach to a reflective approach. The article presents an implementation of this model in a writing course on a social network. The study of students' activity logs shows the presence of forms of objectivity and reflexivity, reflecting the development of critical thinking. This approach offers a way to develop critical thinking not from the outside, in an argumentation or media analys…