Search results for "Information Science"

Objet et préfiguration

2010

We call prefigurative an object whose primary function is to allow whoever manipulates it to represent an object, a situation, an action that has not yet happened ; the prefigured object is particular because it not only exists to convey meaning but also to inform, to get us to believe and finally to make us act. This article aims to outline the semiotic analysis of one of these objects, the restaurant menu: leaving aside the verbal text, we shall examine the material object which is its support (paper, cardboard, slate, screen, etc..) and see that it directs our receptions and predisposes us by its material, its size, its touch, its typography and its layout to perceive the true taste of t…

Sound Event Envelope Estimation in Polyphonic Mixtures

2019

Sound event detection is the task of identifying automatically the presence and temporal boundaries of sound events within an input audio stream. In the last years, deep learning methods have established themselves as the state-of-the-art approach for the task, using binary indicators during training to denote whether an event is active or inactive. However, such binary activity indicators do not fully describe the events, and estimating the envelope of the sounds could provide more precise modeling of their activity. This paper proposes to estimate the amplitude envelopes of target sound event classes in polyphonic mixtures. For training, we use the amplitude envelopes of the target sounds…

Emmanuel Macron à l'épreuve de la parole votée

2020

« Le Prix des choses sans prix »

2007

L'article introduit à un dossier sur les politiques tarifaires et de la question de la gratuité dans les musées

Description of movement sensor dataset for dog behavior classification

2022

The description and results of the original investigation are found in: Dog behaviour classification with movement sensors placed on the harness and the collar, Kumpulainen, P., Valldeoriola Cardó, A., Somppi, S., Törnqvist, H., Väätäjä, H., Majaranta, P., Gizatdinova, Y., Antink, C. H., Surakka, V., V. Kujala, M., Vainio, O. & Vehkaoja, A., Aug 2021, In: Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 241, 7 p., 105393. Movement sensor data from seven static and dynamic dog behaviors (sitting, standing, lying down, trotting, walking, playing, and (treat) searching i.e. sniffing) was collected from 45 middle to large sized dogs with six degree-of-freedom movement sensors attached to the collar and the ha…

AI ethics:an empirical study on the views of practitioners and lawmakers

2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) solutions and technologies are being increasingly adopted in smart systems contexts; however, such technologies are concerned with ethical uncertainties. Various guidelines, principles, and regulatory frameworks are designed to ensure that AI technologies adhere to ethical well-being. However, the implications of AI ethics principles and guidelines are still being debated. To further explore the significance of AI ethics principles and relevant challenges, we conducted a survey of 99 randomly selected representative AI practitioners and lawmakers (e.g., AI engineers and lawyers) from 20 countries across five continents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the …

Automatic social distance estimation for photographic studies: Performance evaluation, test benchmark, and algorithm

2022

The social distancing regulations introduced to slow down the spread of COVID-19 virus directly affect a basic form of non-verbal communication, and there may be longer term impacts on human behavior and culture that remain to be analyzed in proxemics studies. To obtain quantitative results for such studies, large media and/or personal photo collections must be analyzed. Several social distance monitoring methods have been proposed for safety purposes, but they are not directly applicable to general photo collections with large variations in the imaging setup. In such studies, the interest shifts from safety to analyzing subtle differences in social distances. Currently, there is no suitabl…

Migrating from a Centralized Data Warehouse to a Decentralized Data Platform Architecture

2021

To an increasing degree, data is a driving force for digitization, and hence also a key asset for numerous companies. In many businesses, various sources of data exist, which are isolated from one another in different domains, across a heterogeneous application landscape. Well-known centralized solution technologies, such as data warehouses and data lakes, exist to integrate data into one system, but they do not always scale well. Therefore, robust and decentralized ways to manage data can provide the companies with better value give companies a competitive edge over a single central repository. In this paper, we address why and when a monolithic data storage should be decentralized for imp…

Modeling and Mitigating Errors in Belief Propagation for Distributed Detection

2021

We study the behavior of the belief-propagation (BP) algorithm affected by erroneous data exchange in a wireless sensor network (WSN). The WSN conducts a distributed multidimensional hypothesis test over binary random variables. The joint statistical behavior of the sensor observations is modeled by a Markov random field whose parameters are used to build the BP messages exchanged between the sensing nodes. Through linearization of the BP message-update rule, we analyze the behavior of the resulting erroneous decision variables and derive closed-form relationships that describe the impact of stochastic errors on the performance of the BP algorithm. We then develop a decentralized distribute…

Compte-rendu - Le repas en établissement de santé et en EHPAD

2016

Compte-rendu présent dans l'ouvrage "Se nourrir ou manger - Les enjeux du repas en établissement de santé" sous la direction de Clémentine Hugol-Gential (https://www.amazon.fr/Nourrir-Manger-Enjeux-Repas-Etablissement/dp/2343103739/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1477212194&sr=8-1&keywords=se+nourrir+ou+manger); Compte-rendu - Le repas en établissement de santé et en EHPAD : un franc succès pour la journée d'études à la MSH de Dijon; Le 16 juin 2016 a eu lieu, à la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme de Dijon, la journée d'études organisée par le projet ALIMS, sur le repas en établissement de santé et en EHPAD. De 8 heures à 18 heures, 140 participants ont pu assister à 17 présentations, abordant le repa…