Search results for "Information Systems."
showing 10 items of 1545 documents
XA2C Framework for XML Alteration/Adaptation
2010
XML has crossed the borders of software engineering and has spread to other areas such as e-commerce, identification, information storage, instant messaging and others. It is used to communicate crucial data over these domains. Thus, allowing non-expert programmers to manipulate and control their XML data is essential. In the literature, this issue has been dealt with from 3 perspectives: (i) XML alteration/adaptation techniques requiring a certain level of expertise to be implemented and are not unified yet, (ii) mashups, which are not formally defined yet and are not specific to XML data, and (iii) XML-oriented visual languages based on structural transformations and data extraction mainl…
Temporal Semantic Centrality for the Analysis of Communication Networks
2012
National audience; De nos jours, la compréhension des communautés en ligne devient un enjeu majeur du Web. Dans cet article nous proposons une nouvelle mesure, la Probabilité de Propagation Sémantique (SPP), qui caractérise la capacité de l'utilisateur à propager un concept sémantique à d'autres utilisateurs, d'une manière rapide et ciblée. La sémantique des messages est analysée selon une ontologie donnée. Nous utilisons cette mesure pour obtenir la Centralité Sémantique Temporelle (TSC) d'un utilisateur dans une communauté. Nous proposons et évaluons une expérimentation de cette mesure, en utilisant une ontologie et des données réelles issues du Web.
COBieOWL, an OWL ontology based on COBie standard
2015
International audience; Building Information Modelling (BIM) standards have been recognized by construction and political actors as a highly promising tool for resolving issues of data dematerialization, notably in the field of Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Facility Management. Among worldwide-adopted BIM standards, there is COBie. COBie’s goals are to dematerialize building data and to enhance building information interoperability. Nevertheless, COBie data is available in static formats such as STEP or spreadsheet templates. Such formats lack logical formalisms and semantic features provided by languages such as OWL. Because of this, in this paper, we propose a method for sem…
Modernités dans les Amériques : des avant-gardes à aujourd’hui
2018
Reposer aujourd’hui la question de la modernité – littéraire, artistique, sociale ou politique – revient à employer le mot au pluriel. Ce choix implique que l’on ne se réduise pas au terme plurivoque, et souvent ambigu, de modernisme. Ce dernier, souvent convoqué pour désigner l’imaginaire culturel de la modernité, peine à rendre compte des écarts qui se manifestent dans la manière de penser le rapport au temps, à l’histoire et à la culture. « La modernité n’est pas un mouvement, comme dada o...
Analyse du partage d'informations contextuelles dans deux formes d'interaction sportives : coopérative et concurrentielle
2009
RESUME Plusieurs etudes ont souligne l’importance du partage d’informations contextuelles lors de tâches cooperatives. S’inspirant de la notion de contexte partage, notre etude visait a preciser le partage d’informations contextuelles dans deux formes d’interaction en tennis de table : une cooperative et une concurrentielle. Afin de reconstruire le partage d’informations contextuelles du point de vue des acteurs, cette etude a ete menee en reference au cadre theorique et methodologique du cours d’action (Theureau, 1992). Elle a permis : a) d’identifier trois formes typiques de partage des informations contextuelles ; et b) de preciser les processus regulant le partage de ces informations et…
A holistic perspective on the theoretical foundations for ICT4D research
2018
While many theories have guided research Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D), we are yet to construct a clear and coherent narrative that would help us answer the question of how ICT fosters development in underdeveloped communities. In this paper, we argue that one of the main reasons for this is that our holistic understanding of ICT4D is seldom grounded in theories to understand the core areas that define the field, namely, ICT, Development, and, ‘4’ which are the transformative processes that link the two. Through a brief literature review, we list theories that have informed ICT4D research in each of these areas. We present examples of theories, namely, C…
Semantically-enhanced advertisement recommender systems in social networks
2017
El objetivo principal de la investigación es estudiar y diseñar un entorno de recomendación publicitaria en las redes sociales que puede ser enriquecido mediante tecnologías semánticas. A pesar de que existen muchas aplicaciones y soluciones para los sistemas de recomendación, en este estudio se diseña un framework robusto con un rendimiento adecuado para poder ser implementado en las redes sociales con el objetivo de ampliar los propósitos de negocio. De este objetivo principal se pueden derivar los siguientes objetivos secundarios: 1. Superar las limitaciones iniciales de los métodos clásicos de recomendación. 2. Aumentar la calidad y precisión de las recomendaciones y el rendimiento del …
Measuring Distraction at the Levels of Tactical and Strategic Control: The Limits of Capacity-Based Measures for Revealing Unsafe Visual Sampling Mod…
2011
The control theory of driving suggests that driver distraction can be analyzed as a breakdown of control at three levels. Common approach for analyzing distraction experimentally is to utilize capacity-based measures to assess distraction at the level of operational control. Three driving simulation experiments with 61 participants were organized to evaluate which kind of measures could be used to analyze drivers' tactical visual sampling models and the related effects of distraction while searching textual information on in-car display. The effects of two different text types were evaluated. The utilized capacity-based measures seemed to be insufficient for revealing participants' tactical…
Technostress and social networking services: Explaining users' concentration, sleep, identity, and social relation problems
2018
It is common for users of social networking sites and services (SNS) to suffer from technostress and the various associated strains that hinder their well‐being. Despite prior SNS stress studies having provided valuable knowledge regarding SNS stressors and their use consequences, they have not examined the various strains related to well‐being that those stressors can create nor the underlying SNS characteristics. To address this gap in the research, we used a qualitative approach involving narrative interviews. As a contribution, our findings reveal four types of strains related to well‐being (concentration problems, sleep problems, identity problems, and social relation problems) as well…
Technostress and Social Networking Services: Uncovering Strains and Their Underlying Stressors
2017
Numerous users of social networking sites and services (SNS) suffer from technostress and its various strains that hinder well-being. Despite a growing research interest on technostress, the extant studies have not explained what kinds of various strains can SNS use create and how can these strains be traced back to different stressors. To address this gap in research, we employed a qualitative approach by narrative interviews. As a contribution, our findings introduce four SNS strains (concentration problems, sleep problems, identity problems, and social relation problems) and explain how they link with different underlying SNS stressors. As practical implications, the findings of this stu…