Search results for "Inorganic Chemical"

showing 10 items of 491 documents

The Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Is Upregulated in Mouse Skin Repair and in Response to Epidermal Growth Factor in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes

2004

Expression of nNOS mRNA was found in normal human and mouse skin tissue. Upon wounding, we observed a rapid downregulation of nNOS mRNA and protein in wounds of mice; however, when repair continued, nNOS mRNA was strongly upregulated and nNOS protein expression peaked at late stages of healing. Immunohistochemistry revealed wound keratinocytes as the cellular source of nNOS. In line with the in vivo situation, we found a basal expression of nNOS in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. A marked stimulation of nNOS expression in the cells was achieved with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), heparin-binding EGF, transforming growth factor-…

Keratinocytesinorganic chemicalsReceptor ErbB-3Receptor ErbB-2medicine.medical_treatmentwound healingNitric Oxide Synthase Type IDermatologyBiochemistryGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicCell LineMiceDownregulation and upregulationnitric oxideEpidermal growth factormedicineAnimalsHumansRNA MessengerEpidermal growth factor receptorMolecular BiologySkinMice Inbred BALB CEpidermal Growth Factorintegumentary systembiologyGrowth factorgrowth factorCell BiologyUp-RegulationCell biologyErbB Receptorsbody regionsNitric oxide synthaseHaCaTmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemImmunologycardiovascular systembiology.proteinNeuregulinNitric Oxide SynthaseKeratinocyteSignal TransductionJournal of Investigative Dermatology
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Riociguat versus sildenafil on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and ventilation/perfusion matching

2017

Introduction Current treatment with vasodilators for pulmonary hypertension associated with respiratory diseases is limited by their inhibitory effect on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and uncoupling effects on ventilation-perfusion (V'/Q'). Hypoxia is also a well-known modulator of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway, and may therefore differentially affect the responses to phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) stimulators. So far, the effects of the sGC stimulator riociguat on HPV have been poorly characterized. Materials and methods Contraction was recorded in pulmonary arteries (PA) in a wire myograph. Anesthetized rats were catheterized to record …

MaleAnoxemiaPulmonologyPulmonary FibrosisVasodilator Agentslcsh:MedicineVasodilation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPharmacologyVascular Medicinechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineSoluble Guanylyl CyclaseHypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictionPulmonary fibrosisMedicine and Health SciencesPulmonary Arterieslcsh:ScienceHypoxiaMultidisciplinaryVasodilatorsDrugsRespiratory organs diseasesArteriesMiddle AgedChemistryPhysical Sciencescardiovascular systemFemalemedicine.symptomAnatomyMedicamentsmedicine.drugResearch ArticleChemical Elementsinorganic chemicalsSildenafilHypertension PulmonaryChronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseEnzyme ActivatorsIn Vitro TechniquesPulmonary ArteryRiociguatSildenafil CitrateMalalties de l'aparell respiratori03 medical and health sciencesMedical HypoxiamedicineVentilation-Perfusion RatioAnimalsHumansRats WistarAgedPharmacologybusiness.industrylcsh:RAnoxèmiaBiology and Life SciencesHypoxia (medical)Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitorsmedicine.diseasePulmonary hypertensionFibrosisRatsOxygenDisease Models AnimalPyrimidines030228 respiratory systemchemistryVasoconstrictionCardiovascular AnatomyPyrazolesBlood Vesselslcsh:QSoluble guanylyl cyclasebusinessDevelopmental Biology
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The nutrigenetic influence of the interaction between dietary vitamin E and TXN and COMT gene polymorphisms on waist circumference: a case control st…

2015

Background Abdominal obesity (AO) is a common modifiable risk factor for certain non-communicable diseases associated with enhanced oxidative stress (OS). The objective of this work was to investigate whether the interaction between antioxidant vitamin intake and OS-related polymorphisms modulates gene-associated anthropometry in a Spanish population. Methods A total of 246 subjects with AO, and 492 age and gender matched non-AO subjects were included in the study. Anthropometric, biochemical, and OS parameters, and antioxidant dietary intake data were assessed using validated procedures. DNA from white blood cells was isolated and the genotype of seven polymorphisms from genes involved in …

MaleAntioxidantPolimorphismmedicine.medical_treatment:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Thioredoxins [Medical Subject Headings]Antioxidantes:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]AntioxidantsVitamin E intakeObesidad abdominalchemistry.chemical_compoundNutrigenomicsThioredoxinsPolymorphism (computer science):Anatomy::Cells::Blood Cells::Leukocytes [Medical Subject Headings]Risk FactorsGenotypeVitamin E:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyguanosine [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Growth Substances::Micronutrients::Vitamins [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Oxidative Stress [Medical Subject Headings]Abdominal obesityNutrigenómicaMedicine(all)AnthropometryAge FactorsGeneral MedicineAbdominal obesity:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity::Obesity Abdominal [Medical Subject Headings]Middle Aged:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]Waist circumferenceDietaFemale:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genotype [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.symptomFactores de riesgoVitaminAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeVitamina ECatechol-O-methyltransferaseBiology:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Structures::Genome::Genome Components::Genes::Genes Reporter [Medical Subject Headings]Catechol O-Methyltransferase:Chemicals and Drugs::Biological Factors::Pigments Biological::Carotenoids::Retinoids::Vitamin A [Medical Subject Headings]Polymorphism Single NucleotideGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySex FactorsInternal medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Oxygen Compounds::Reactive Oxygen Species [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Protective Agents::Antioxidants [Medical Subject Headings]medicinePerímetro abdominal:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Waist Circumference [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 2-Ring::Benzopyrans::Vitamin E [Medical Subject Headings]HumansObesityPolymorphismThioredoxinAgedCatechol-O-methyl transferaseBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)Vitamin EResearchCase-control studyGenes informadores:Disciplines and Occupations::Natural Science Disciplines::Biological Science Disciplines::Biology::Genetics::Genomics::Nutrigenomics [Medical Subject Headings]DietOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistrySpainOxidative stressCase-Control Studies:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Transferases::One-Carbon Group Transferases::Methyltransferases::Catechol O-Methyltransferase [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids::DNA [Medical Subject Headings]Genotipo
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Polymorphisms in endothelin system genes, arsenic levels and obesity risk.

2015

Background/objectivesObesity has been linked to morbidity and mortality through increased risk for many chronic diseases. Endothelin (EDN) system has been related to endothelial function but it can be involved in lipid metabolism regulation: Receptor type A (EDNRA) activates lipolysis in adipocytes, the two endothelin receptors mediate arsenic-stimulated adipocyte dysfunction, and endothelin system can regulate adiposity by modulating adiponectin activity in different situations and, therefore, influence obesity development. The aim of the present study was to analyze if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EDN system could be associated with human obesity.Subjects/methodsWe analyz…

MaleEspañaObesidad:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Fat Distribution::Adiposity [Medical Subject Headings]Endothelins:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Biological Factors::Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins::Endothelins [Medical Subject Headings]Polymorphism (computer science)Risk Factors:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Elements::Arsenic [Medical Subject Headings]:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]education.field_of_studyMultidisciplinary:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Disease Attributes::Chronic Disease [Medical Subject Headings]Genètica humanaEndothelinsQRMiddle AgedPrognosisReceptor Endothelin APolimorfismo de nucleótido único:Anatomy::Cells::Connective Tissue Cells::Adipocytes [Medical Subject Headings]ObesitatMedicineFemaleTomografía computarizada por rayos X:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genotype [Medical Subject Headings]Endothelin receptor:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging::Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted::Tomography X-Ray Computed [Medical Subject Headings]Research Articlemedicine.hormonemedicine.medical_specialtyGenotype:Phenomena and Processes::Mathematical Concepts::Probability::Risk [Medical Subject Headings]SciencePopulationSingle-nucleotide polymorphism:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Lipid Metabolism::Lipolysis [Medical Subject Headings]BiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideArsenicReceptores de endotelinasInternal medicineAdipocitos:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors Peptide::Receptors Endothelin [Medical Subject Headings]medicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseObesityeducation:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Polymorphism Genetic::Polymorphism Single Nucleotide [Medical Subject Headings]AdiponectinHaplotypeEnfermedad crónicamedicine.diseaseObesityEndocrinologyHaplotypesSpain:Chemicals and Drugs::Biological Factors::Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins::Adipokines::Adiponectin [Medical Subject Headings]GenotipoFollow-Up StudiesArsénicoPLoS ONE
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Near fatal percutaneous paraquat poisoning

1983

A fatal paraquat poisoning can occur when relatively large areas of skin are contaminated with a concentrated solution of paraquat (Gramoxone). A paraquat absorption takes place of the same magnitude as that with an equal dose per os. In the presence of mechanical or chemical lesion of the skin the percutaneous paraquat absorption is distinctly enhanced.

MaleParaquatinorganic chemicalsTime FactorsPercutaneousAccident preventionSkin AbsorptionPoison controlAbsorption (skin)LesionNecrosischemistry.chemical_compoundParaquatDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansMedicineheterocyclic compoundsGenetics (clinical)Skinintegumentary systembusiness.industryRats Inbred StrainsGeneral MedicinePARAQUAT POISONINGRatschemistryAccidents HomeChild PreschoolAnesthesiaMolecular MedicineDermal toxicityFemalemedicine.symptombusinessKlinische Wochenschrift
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Xenon Improves Neurologic Outcome and Reduces Secondary Injury Following Trauma in an In Vivo Model of Traumatic Brain Injury*

2014

Objectives: To determine the neuroprotective efficacy of the inert gas xenon following traumatic brain injury and to determine whether application of xenon has a clinically relevant therapeutic time window. Design: Controlled animal study. Setting: University research laboratory. Subjects: Male C57BL/6N mice (n = 196). Interventions: Seventy-five percent xenon, 50% xenon, or 30% xenon, with 25% oxygen (balance nitrogen) treatment following mechanical brain lesion by controlled cortical impact. Measurements and Main Results: Outcome following trauma was measured using 1) functional neurologic outcome score, 2) histological measurement of contusion volume, and 3) analysis of locomotor functio…

MaleXenonINTRACRANIAL-PRESSURE1110 NursingCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineGAIT ABNORMALITIESXenonGaitIntracranial pressureintegumentary systemBrainGLYCINE SITEINTRACEREBRAL-HEMORRHAGED-ASPARTATE RECEPTORNeuroprotective AgentsTreatment OutcomeAnesthesiahead traumaneuroprotectionLife Sciences & BiomedicinePOTASSIUM CHANNELSLocomotioncirculatory and respiratory physiologyinorganic chemicalsTraumatic brain injurychemistry.chemical_elementNeuroprotection1117 Public Health and Health ServicesHead traumaCritical Care MedicineIn vivoGeneral & Internal MedicineAdministration InhalationmedicineAnimalscardiovascular diseasesIntracerebral hemorrhageScience & Technologybusiness.industry1103 Clinical Sciencesbrain injurymedicine.diseaseCONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACTCOMPETITIVE-INHIBITIONEmergency & Critical Care MedicineMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalCOGNITIVE DEFICITSchemistryBrain InjuriesClosed head injurybusinessCLOSED-HEAD INJURYinert gasesCritical Care Medicine
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Influence of diet in urinary levels of metals in a biomonitoring study of a child population of the Valencian region (Spain)

2018

[EN] Pollution by trace elements and its possible effect on organisms has become a worldwide concern due to the increasing presence of trace elements in the environment and especially in the food chain. Exposure to chemicals has traditionally been measured using environmental samples, however, human biomonitoring brings a different perspective, in which all sources and exposure pathways are integrated. The objective of this paper is to discern the possible relationship between children's diet and the metals found in children urine. With this aim in mind, a total of 120 voluntaries participated in a diet survey carried out in a school-aged population (age 6-11) from the Valencian region. In …

Maleinorganic chemicals0301 basic medicineEnvironmental EngineeringTECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOSESTADISTICA E INVESTIGACION OPERATIVAPopulationchemistry.chemical_elementUrineUrine010501 environmental sciencesDiet Surveys01 natural sciencesDietary Exposure03 medical and health sciencesBiomonitoringHumansEnvironmental ChemistryChildeducationChildrenWaste Management and DisposalArsenic0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCadmiumeducation.field_of_studyPollutionDietMercury (element)030104 developmental biologychemistrySpainMetalsEnvironmental chemistryBiomonitoringThalliumEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleSeleniumEnvironmental MonitoringScience of The Total Environment
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Interrelationship between demethylation of p-nitroanisole and conjugation of p-nitrophenol in rat liver

1973

The metabolism of p-nitroanisole (pNA) and p-nitrophenol (pNP) was studied in isolated rat livers perfused with a hemoglobin-free medium. The activity and viability of the surviving organ was tested by recording pH, “arterial” and “venous” oxygen tension as well as the disappearance of added pNP. pNA is converted to its primary metabolite pNP which, in turn, is excreted into the perfusion medium as conjugates. The coordination of pNA oxidation and the conjugation reactions of pNP were investigated. When 50 μM pNA is added as substrate 0.4±0.1 nmoles×ml−1×(g liver)−1 are excreted as pNP-glucuronide and 3.5±0.2 nmoles×ml−1×(g liver)−1 as the sulphate within 90 min. When pNP itself (50 μM) is …

Maleinorganic chemicalsGlucuronidationGlucuronatesAnisolesIn Vitro TechniquesMethylationNitrophenolsOrganophosphorus CompoundsSulfationAnimalsheterocyclic compoundsGlucuronosyltransferaseGlucuronidaseDemethylationPharmacologyChromatographyChemistryHydrolysisLiver cellSubstrate (chemistry)General MedicineMetabolismHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNitro CompoundsRatsOxygen tensionOxygenenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)LiverBiochemistryMicrosomes LiverSulfatasesGlucuronideOxidation-ReductionGlucosidasesNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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A nitrergic projection from the superior olivary complex to the inferior colliculus of the rat

2003

The present study was conducted to test whether the ascending auditory projection from the superior olivary complex (SOC) of the brainstem to the inferior colliculus (IC) may use nitric oxide (NO) as a neuroactive compound. We identified olivo-collicular projection neurons in subnuclei of the SOC by retrograde neuronal tracing with Fluoro-Gold (FG) injected into the central nucleus of the IC. Sections containing retrograde labelled neurons were subjected to immunohistochemical incubation in an antiserum directed against the enzyme responsible for NO production in nerve cells, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS). The analysis showed that FG-containing neurons as well as nNOS-immunoreactive neurons w…

Maleinorganic chemicalsInferior colliculusStilbamidinesNitric Oxide Synthase Type IOlivary NucleusNitric OxideRats Sprague-Dawleyotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineAnimalsTrapezoid bodyFluorescent DyesNeuronsAfferent PathwaysStaining and LabelingChemistryAnatomyImmunohistochemistryRetrograde tracingInferior ColliculiSensory SystemsRatsNeuronal tracingmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemSuperior olivary complexBrainstemNitric Oxide SynthaseNitrergic NeuronNeuroscienceNucleusHearing Research
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Cadmium-Induced Enteropathy in Domestic Cocks: A Biochemical and Histological Study after Subchronic Exposure

2007

The biochemical and histological sequelae resulting from a diet containing 50.20 mg cadmium/kg were studied in Lohmann brown cockerels from hatching until 30 days of age. The additional cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) to the diet induced the formation of lipid peroxides, which via a chain reaction led to accumulation of malondialdehyde in intestinal mucosa. At the end of the study (after 30 days of cadmium exposure) total protein and metallothionein levels in the intestinal mucosa and the relative ileal and duodenal weight increased. Histological data show that CdCl(2) causes an increase in number of goblet cells and granular lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa. Down-regulation of the serotonin…

Maleinorganic chemicalsLipid Peroxidesmedicine.medical_specialtychemistry.chemical_elementCadmium chlorideToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundCadmium ChlorideIntestinal mucosaMalondialdehydeInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsMetallothioneinEnteropathyIntestinal MucosaPoultry DiseasesPharmacologyCadmiumBody WeightHistologyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseMalondialdehydeSmall intestineIntestinal DiseasesEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistrychemistryMetallothioneinChickensBasic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
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