Search results for "Institution"
showing 10 items of 1168 documents
Education, practice and professionalism: a comparative history of the development of urban and regional planning in Italy and Australia
2014
This paper outlines the historical relationship between planning legislation, planning practice and planning education in Italy and Australia by identifying the positive and negative roles of institutional influences and the emergence of professional planning communities. The key findings revolve around the gap between plan preparation and plan implementation, and the role of institutions and professional communities in resisting political interference and maintaining a technocratic imperative within planning systems. While the exertion of professional power can be seen to achieve positive planning and development outcomes, it is often at the expense of the democratic traditions that have c…
Corruption, political discretion and entrepreneurship
2018
Purpose While common sense suggests that corruption will likely have a negative impact on the economy as it raises the cost of doing business, research on the topic showed inconsistent results (positive, negative and neutral). This paper aims to verify whether corruption has a “grease” or “sand” effect on the wheels of entrepreneurial rates and under which conditions corruption will have stronger or weaker effects. Design/methodology/approach Using institutional theory as the basis for the hypotheses, generalized least squares estimation is conducted to empirically examine the role of corruption and political discretion in entrepreneurship in a sample of 93 countries. Findings Countries wi…
The Committee of the Regions: A Springboard for the Citizens
2013
Abstract This study focuses on the relation between the Committee of the Regions (CoR), an advisory institution of the European Union defined as the political assembly of holders of a regional or local electoral mandate serving the cause of European integration, and the democratic deficit, understood as the effective ways of citizens’ participation in the institutional decision making. The work hypothesis is that the CoR, in spite of being mostly unknown to citizens, could be an effective tool for tackling the democratic deficit. Through qualitative interviews and surveys at different levels, the article analyzes the current situation and the potential opportunities of the CoR in its relati…
Case Comment: C-82/10 European Commission v Ireland - Judgement of the Court of Justice of the European Union, September 29, 2011 (VHI Case)
2011
This article (published online for the EJLE, see below) is the case comment on the recent judgement (September 29, 2011) of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the case No C-82/10 concerning non-life insurance. This case was initiated by the European Commission against Ireland for failure to fulfil its obligations by not covering the Voluntary Health Insurance Board by insurance supervisory scheme as provided for by relevant Directives. The above insurance institution which is the main health insurer in Ireland enjoys exemption from the supervisory scheme envisaged by relevant Directives. Ireland may maintain this exemption if its capacity is not amended; otherwise the above insti…
Instrumental calculation, cognitive role-playing, or both?: self-perceptions of Seconded National Experts in the European Commission
2011
This is the authors’ final, accepted and refereed manuscript to the article Most work studying micro-processes of integration – i.e. how agents develop identities and decision-making behaviours within a particular institution – offers explanations based on either instrumental rationality or socialisation. This article proposes a two-dimensional framework that allows analysing under which conditions both logics of social action co-exist. Our empirical analysis employs a unique dataset from a 2011 survey of all 1098 currently active Seconded National Experts (SNEs) in the European Commission. We find that a) instrumental cost-benefit calculation and cognitive role-playing (as semi-reflexive s…
The role of collegiality in the professional development of the teaching career: a proposal for an evaluation instrumentBakieva
2019
El estudio trata sobre una propuesta de valoración de la colegialidad docente a lo largo de la trayectoria profesional docente. La dimensión colegial se encuadra en el marco de evaluación para la mejora de la cohesión social (Jornet, 2012). La trayectoria profesional docente necesita del apoyo y soporte por parte de los compañeros de un centro de trabajo, sobre todo en las fases iniciales de desarrollo de la carrera. Por lo que hemos realizado un estudio sobre cómo varía el nivel de colegialidad entre los docentes más veteranos y más noveles, de acuerdo con las clasificaciones de Huberman, Thomson y Wiland (1997) y Unruh y Turner (1970). La metodología de análisis se basa en el contraste no…
The UNIVECS Evaluation System in Mexican Universities: Discussion About Social Cohesion with Teachers and Students
2021
The main objective of the UNIVECS (Study conducted as part of the Project: UNIVECS “Validating an evaluation system of university degrees based on a Social Cohesion model” (Ref. EDU2016-78065R), financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and supported by EU FEDER funds.) project is to know the extent to which the institution moves towards social cohesion as a benchmark to evaluate university careers, and to observe which contributions are made in relation to the study object. The objective of the study that we present, conducted in Mexican universities, is to provide evidence for validating the Evaluation Model and its adaptation in Mexico (“Cultural Validation of the …
Is Board Gender Diversity a Driver of CEO Compensation?: Examining the Leadership Style of Institutional Women Directors
2017
In this investigation, we aim at examining the influence of institutional female directors on CEO compensation. Specifically, we investigate the impact of institutional female directors as a whole, differentiating by whether female directors have business ties with the firms’ boards on which they sit (pressure-sensitive female directors) or do not have business links (pressure-resistant female directors). We hypothesize that there is a nonlinear association, specifically quadratic, between institutional, pressureresistant and pressure-sensitive female directors on boards, and CEO compensation. Our findings show that CEO compensation decreases with low levels of institutional female director…
Análisis del despido nulo ex Art. 55.5 ET
2020
En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de la configuración jurídica de la institución recogida en el art. 55.5 ET en relación con la declaración automática de nulidad de los despidos que tengan como móvil alguno de los supuestos relacionados en sus letras a), b) o c), esto es, relativos a la conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral, tanto desde el punto de vista de su conceptuación como nulidad objetiva -sin necesidad de comunicación expresa al empresario-, como desde el punto de vista de su extensión temporal de protección. Para ello, se analiza, en primer lugar, la normativa, tanto a nivel internacional, comunitario y nacional. A continuación, se examina su ámbito de protección, centrán…
Vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy for probing the expression of chirality in mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes
2020
Mechanically interlocked molecules can exhibit molecular chirality that arises due to the mechanical bond rather than covalent stereogenic units. Developing applications of such systems is made challenging by the absence of techniques for assigning the absolute configuration of products and methods to probe how the mechanical stereogenic unit influences the spatial arrangements of the functional groups in solution. Here we demonstrate for the first time that Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) can be used to not only discriminate between mechanical stereoisomers but also provide detailed information on their (co)conformations. The latter is particularly important as these molecules are now…