Search results for "Instrumentation"

showing 10 items of 4914 documents

Automatic analysis of speckle photography fringes

1997

Speckle interferometry is a technique adequate to metrological problems such as the measurement of object deformation. An automatic system of analysis of such measurements is given; it consists of a motorized x-y plate positioner controlled by computer, a CCD video camera, and software for image analysis. A fringe-recognition algorithm determines the spacing and orientation of the fringes and permits the calculation of the magnitude and direction of the displacement of the analyzed object point in images with variable degrees of illumination. For a 256 x 256 pixel image resolution, the procedure allows one to analyze from three fringes to a number of fringes that corresponds to 3 pixels/fri…

PixelImage qualitybusiness.industryComputer scienceOrientation (computer vision)Materials Science (miscellaneous)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsVideo cameraSpeckle noiseImage processingHolographic interferometryIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionOpticslawComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSpeckle imagingBusiness and International ManagementbusinessImage resolutionApplied Optics
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A low-level spectrometer with a planar low-energy HPGe: shielding arrangement tests and system performance for 210Pb determination in air filter samp…

2001

A system for low-energy photon spectrometry using a planar germanium detector with appropriate specifications is presented. A spectrometric background investigation has been carried out with various detector shielding arrangements. The characteristics of the system for measurements of 210Pb in air-particulate matter on filters have been determined.

Planar HPGeSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumRadiation DosageAbsorptiometry PhotonPlanarOpticsRadiation MonitoringShieldingLow-level spectrometer210Pb measurementAir filterPhysicsAir PollutantsRadiationSpectrometerGermaniumbusiness.industryDetectorEnvironmental ExposureLead RadioisotopesEnvironmental exposureSemiconductor detectorchemistryElectromagnetic shieldingHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessAlgorithmsApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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TPEN: A Triple-foil differential Plunger for lifetime measurements of excited states in Exotic Nuclei

2019

Abstract A Triple-foil differential Plunger for Exotic Nuclei (TPEN) has been developed to measure the lifetimes of excited states in nuclei with small production cross-sections. TPEN utilises one target foil and two degrader foils to make differential lifetime measurements: directly determining the decay function and its derivative at a single plunger distance setting. The direct measurement of the decay function and its derivative removes the requirement to measure γ -ray intensities at several target-to-degrader distances, thereby reducing the beam-time required relative to a conventional plunger with a single-degrader foil. This paper describes the commissioning of TPEN in the lifetime …

PlungerPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDDCMManchester Cancer Research Centreta114ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrctutkimuslaitteet156Dyplungerexcited-state lifetimestriple-foil plungerRDDSDecay functionExcited stateAtomic physicsydinfysiikkaInstrumentationFOIL method
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Constraining the neutrino emission of gravitationally lensed Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars with ANTARES data

2014

This paper proposes to exploit gravitational lensing effects to improve the sensitivity of neutrino telescopes to the intrinsic neutrino emission of distant blazar populations. This strategy is illustrated with a search for cosmic neutrinos in the direction of four distant and gravitationally lensed Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars. The magnification factor is estimated for each system assuming a singular isothermal profile for the lens. Based on data collected from 2007 to 2012 by the ANTARES neutrino telescope, the strongest constraint is obtained from the lensed quasar B0218+357, providing a limit on the total neutrino luminosity of this source of 1.08×10^46 erg s-1. This limit is about one o…

Point sourceAstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenagravitational lensingFOS: Physical sciencesgravitational lensing; neutrino astronomyAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesLuminosityneutrino astronomyNeutrino0103 physical sciencesSensitivity (control systems)Blazar010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)gravitational lensing; neutrino astronomy; Astronomy and AstrophysicsCOSMIC cancer database010308 nuclear & particles physicshigh energy astrophysical neutrinosAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFísicaQuasarAstronomy and AstrophysicsGravitational lensFISICA APLICADANeutrinoMATEMATICA APLICADAAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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INTEGRAL/SPI ground calibration

2003

Three calibration campaigns of the spectrometer SPI have been performed before launch in order to determine the instrument characteristics, such as the effective detection area, the spectral resolution and the angular resolution. Absolute determination of the effective area has been obtained from simulations and measurements. At 1 MeV, the effective area is 65 cm^2 for a point source on the optical axis, the spectral resolution ~2.3 keV. The angular resolution is better than 2.5 deg and the source separation capability about 1 deg. Some temperature dependant parameters will require permanent in-flight calibration.

Point source[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]FOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation ; Detectors ; Spectrographs ; Space vehicles ; Gamma rays ; ObservationsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAAstrophysics01 natural sciences[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]OpticsSpectrographs0103 physical sciencesCalibrationSource separationAngular resolutionSpectral resolutionspace vehicles: instrumentsInstrumentation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsObservations:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía óptica [UNESCO]instrumentation: spectrographsPhysicsSpectrometer[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryinstrumentation: detectorsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía ópticaGamma raysAntenna apertureAstrophysics (astro-ph)DetectorsSpace vehiclesAstronomy and AstrophysicsOptical axisSpace and Planetary Sciencebusiness:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]gamma rays: observations
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The INTEGRAL IBIS/ISGRI System Point Spread Function and Source Location Accuracy

2003

The imager on board INTEGRAL (IBIS) presently provides the most detailed sky images ever obtained at energies above 30 keV. The telescope is based on a coded aperture imaging system which allows to obtain sky images in a large field of view 29deg x 29deg with an angular resolution of 12'. The System Point Spread Function of the telescope and its detailed characteristics are here described along with the specific analysis algorithms used to derive the accurate point-like source locations. The derived location accuracy is studied using the first in-flight calibration data on strong sources for the IBIS/ISGRI system. The dependence of the calibrated location accuracy with the signal to noise r…

Point spread functionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaData analysisFOS: Physical sciencesImage processingField of viewAstrophysicsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAlaw.inventionTelescopeHigh angular resolutionSignal-to-noise ratioImage processinglawData analysis ; Image processing ; High angular resolutionAngular resolutionCoded aperture:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía óptica [UNESCO]Remote sensingIbisPhysicsbiologyUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía ópticaAstrophysics (astro-ph)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomy and Astrophysicsbiology.organism_classificationSpace and Planetary Science:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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Flux and color variations of the quadruply imaged quasar HE 0435-1223

2011

aims: We present VRi photometric observations of the quadruply imaged quasar HE 0435-1223, carried out with the Danish 1.54m telescope at the La Silla Observatory. Our aim was to monitor and study the magnitudes and colors of each lensed component as a function of time. methods: We monitored the object during two seasons (2008 and 2009) in the VRi spectral bands, and reduced the data with two independent techniques: difference imaging and PSF (Point Spread Function) fitting.results: Between these two seasons, our results show an evident decrease in flux by ~0.2-0.4 magnitudes of the four lensed components in the three filters. We also found a significant increase (~0.05-0.015) in their V-R …

Point spread functionCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)FluxFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGravitational microlensing01 natural scienceslaw.inventionTelescopeSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e AstrofisicaObservatorylaw0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsgeneral – gravitational lensing; weak – techniques: photometric [quasars]Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsphotometric [Techniques]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasargeneral [Quasars]Spectral bandsSpace and Planetary Scienceastro-ph.COAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysicsweak [Gravitational lensing]Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Quasi-spherical focal spot in two-photon scanning microscopy by three-ring apodization

2005

International audience; We present a beam-shaping technique for two-photon excitation (TPE) fluorescence microscopy. We show that by inserting a properly designed three-ring pupil filter in the illumination beam of the microscope, the effective optical sectioning capacity of such a system improves so that the point spread function gets a quasi-spherical shape. Such an improvement, which allows the acquisition of 3D images with isotropic quality, is obtained at the expense of only a small increase of the overall energy in the axial sidelobes. The performance of this technique is illustrated with a scanning TPE microscopy experiment in which the image of small beads is obtained. We demonstrat…

Point spread functionHistologyMaterials scienceMicroscopeOptical sectioning02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsQuality (physics)OpticsTwo-photon excitation microscopyApodizationlaw0103 physical sciencesMicroscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedInstrumentationtwo-photon excitation[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybeam shaping3. Good healthMedical Laboratory TechnologyMicroscopy Fluorescence Multiphotonoptical sectioning effectAnatomy0210 nano-technologybusinessBeam (structure)Algorithms
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Angular spreading measurements using MeV ion microscopes

2013

Abstract The sharpness of MeV ion microscope images is governed by small-angle scattering and associated lateral spreading of the ion beam in the sample. We have investigated measurement of the half-angle of the angular spreading distribution by characterising the image blurring in direct-Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy (direct-STIM). In these tests Mylar™ foils of 0.5–6 μm were used to induce angular spreading. Images were taken of an electron microscope grid using 2 MeV protons with, and without, the foils in the beam path. The blurring was measured by fitting the width of a circular Gaussian point spread function to the images with and without the foil in position. The results show …

Point spread functionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMicroscopeIon beamta114Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryScatteringbusiness.industryIonlaw.inventionOpticslawPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsbusinessInstrumentationBeam (structure)FOIL methodField ion microscopeNuclear instruments and methods in physics research section b: beam interactions with materials and atoms
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The ATHENA X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU)

2018

Event: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2018, Austin, Texas, United States.

Point spread functionPhotonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaField of viewAthena; Instrumentation; Space telescopes; X-ray Integral Field Unit; X-ray spectroscopy; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringCondensed Matter PhysicLarge format01 natural sciences7. Clean energySpace telescopeslaw.inventionTelescopePhysics::Popular PhysicsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticslawPhysics::Plasma Physics0103 physical sciencesElectronicAthenaOptical and Magnetic MaterialsSpectral resolutionElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationPhysicsSpectrometerbusiness.industryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialApplied MathematicsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter Physics115 Astronomy Space sciencePhysics::History of PhysicsApplied MathematicSpace telescopeX-ray Integral Field UnitX-ray spectroscopybusiness
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