Search results for "Insula"

showing 10 items of 735 documents

Topological Signatures in the Electronic Structure of Graphene Spirals

2013

Topology is familiar mostly from mathematics, but also natural sciences have found its concepts useful. Those concepts have been used to explain several natural phenomena in biology and physics, and they are particularly relevant for the electronic structure description of topological insulators and graphene systems. Here, we introduce topologically distinct graphene forms - graphene spirals - and employ density-functional theory to investigate their geometric and electronic properties. We found that the spiral topology gives rise to an intrinsic Rashba spin-orbit splitting. Through a Hamiltonian constrained by space curvature, graphene spirals have topologically protected states due to tim…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinaryta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsGrapheneFOS: Physical sciencesElectronic structureTopologyCurvatureArticlelaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawTopological insulatorMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)symbolsNatural scienceHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Electronic properties
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Technology of p-type microstrip detectors with radiation hard p-spray, p-stop and moderated p-spray insulations

2007

5 pages, 8 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 29.40.Gx; 29.40.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000249604700010.

PhysicsRadiation hardnessNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFabricationbusiness.industryDetectorCapacitanceMicrostripMicrostrip detectorsSuper-LHCInsulationCalibrationOptoelectronicsbusiness[PACS] Tracking and position-sensitive detectorsInstrumentationRadiation hardeningDiodeVoltage
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Demonstration of a Plasmonic MMI Switch in 10-Gb/s True Data Traffic Conditions

2012

International audience; We report the first experimental performance evaluation of a 75-mu m-long plasmonic multimode interference switch that is hetero-integrated on a silicon-on-insulator platform, operating with 10-Gb/s data signals. The switch exhibits a 2.9-mu s response time and 44.5% modulation depth, while the extinction ratio between the ports alters from 5.4 to -1.5 dB for 35-mW electrical (switching) power. Error-free performance was achieved.

PhysicsSilicon photonicsExtinction ratiobusiness.industryTRANSMISSIONCHIPOptical cross-connectSilicon on insulatorResponse time02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesOptical switchAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPower (physics)010309 opticsAmplitude modulation020210 optoelectronics & photonics0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness
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Dimensionality Dependence of the Metal-Insulator Transition in the Anderson Model of Localization

1996

The metal-insulator transition is investigated by means of the transfer-matrix method to describe the critical behavior close to the lower critical dimension 2. We study several bifractal systems with fractal dimensions between 2 and 3. Together with 3D and 4D results, these data give a coherent description of the dimensionality dependence of the critical disorder and the critical exponent in terms of the spectral dimension of the samples. We also show that the upper critical dimension is probably infinite, certainly larger than 4.

PhysicsSpectral dimensionGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical physicsMetal–insulator transitionCritical dimensionCritical exponentFractal dimensionAnderson impurity modelCurse of dimensionalityPhysical Review Letters
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Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator with Nonsymmorphic Protection in Two Dimensions

2019

The recent demonstration of topological states in antiferromagnets (AFMs) provides an exciting platform for exploring prominent physical phenomena and applications of antiferromagnetic spintronics. A famous example is the AFM topological insulator (TI) state, which, however, was still not observed in two dimensions. Using a tight-binding model and first-principles calculations, we show that, in contrast to previously observed AFM topological insulators in three dimensions, an AFM TI can emerge in two dimensions as a result of a nonsymmorphic symmetry that combines the twofold rotation symmetry and half-lattice translation. Based on the spin Chern number, Wannier charge centers, and gapless …

PhysicsSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsBand gapGeneral Physics and AstronomyCharge (physics)01 natural sciencesSymmetry (physics)Gapless playbackTopological insulator0103 physical sciencesAntiferromagnetismddc:530Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physicsSpin-½Physical Review Letters
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Magnetism-mediated transition between crystalline and higher-order topological phases in NpSb

2021

Merging the fields of topology and magnetism expands the scope of fundamental quantum phenomena with novel functionalities for topological spintronics enormously. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that ferromagnetism provides an efficient means to achieve a topological switching between crystalline and higher-order topological insulator phases in two dimensions. Using a tight-binding model and first-principles calculations, we identify layered NpSb as a long-awaited two-dimensional topological crystalline insulator with intrinsic ferromagnetic order with a band gap which is as large as 220 meV. We show that when ${\mathcal{M}}_{z}$ symmetry is preserved for the out of plane magnetization o…

PhysicsSpintronicsMagnetismBand gapPlane (geometry)Order (ring theory)02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTopology01 natural sciencesMagnetizationFerromagnetismTopological insulator0103 physical sciencesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronsddc:530010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
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Defect states and excitations in a Mott insulator with orbital degrees of freedom: Mott-Hubbard gap versus optical and transport gaps in doped systems

2013

We address the role played by charged defects in doped Mott insulators with active orbital degrees of freedom. It is observed that defects feature a rather complex and rich physics, which is well captured by a degenerate Hubbard model extended by terms that describe crystal-field splittings and orbital-lattice coupling, as well as by terms generated by defects such as the Coulomb potential terms that act both on doped holes and on electrons within occupied orbitals at undoped sites. We show that the multiplet structure of the excited states generated in such systems by strong electron interactions is well described within the unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation, once the symmetry breaki…

PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Hubbard modelCondensed matter physicsMott insulatorFOS: Physical sciencesOrder (ring theory)Condensed Matter PhysicsCoupling (probability)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsAtomic orbitalNon-bonding orbitalCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin (physics)Multiplet
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Performance of cryogenic microbolometers and calorimeters with on-chip coolers

2000

Astronomical observations of cosmic sources in the far-infrared and X-ray bands require extreme sensitivity. The most sensitive detectors are cryogenic bolometers and calorimeters operating typically at about 100 mK. The last stage of cooling (from 300 mK to 100 mK) often poses significant difficulties in space-borne experiments, both in system complexity and reliability. We address the possibility of using refrigeration based on normal metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions as the last stage cooler for cryogenic thermal detectors. We compare two possible schemes: the direct cooling of the electron gas of the detector with the aid of NIS tunnel junctions and the indirect cool…

PhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDetectorBolometerRefrigerationFOS: Physical sciencesInsulator (electricity)law.inventionlawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)OptoelectronicsbusinessNoise-equivalent powerOrder of magnitudeElectron cooling
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Effect of a Locally Repulsive Interaction on s-wave Superconductors

2016

The thermodynamic impact of the Coulomb repulsion on s-wave superconductors is analyzed via a rigorous study of equilibrium and ground states of the strong coupling BCS-Hubbard Hamiltonian. We show that the one-site electron repulsion can favor superconductivity at fixed chemical potential by increasing the critical temperature and/or the Cooper pair condensate density. If the one-site repulsion is not too large, a first or a second order superconducting phase transition can appear at low temperatures. The Meißner effect is shown to be rather generic but coexistence of superconducting and ferromagnetic phases is also shown to be feasible, for instance, near half-filling and at strong repul…

PhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter::Quantum Gases82B20 82D55Phase transitionQuantum PhysicsCondensed matter physicsHubbard modelMott insulatorFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)symbols.namesakeMeissner effectCondensed Matter::SuperconductivitysymbolsCooper pairHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumMathematical Physics
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Normal metal - insulator - superconductor interferometer

2003

Hybrid normal metal - insulator - superconductor microstructures suitable for studying an interference of electrons were fabricated. The structures consist of a superconducting loop connected to a normal metal electrode through a tunnel barrier . An optical interferometer with a beam splitter can be considered as a classical analogue for this system. All measurements were performed at temperatures well below 1 K. The interference can be observed as periodic oscillations of the tunnel current (voltage) through the junction at fixed bias voltage (current) as a function of a perpendicular magnetic field. The magnitude of the oscillations depends on the bias point. It reaches a maximum at energ…

PhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsOscillationCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciencesBiasingInsulator (electricity)ElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic fluxElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)InterferometrylawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Beam splitter
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