Search results for "Intellectual disability"
showing 10 items of 303 documents
Dialogue between workers and family members is related to their attitudes towards self-determination of individuals with intellectual disability
2018
Background: This study focused on attitudes of workers and family members towards self-determination of individuals with intellectual disability. First, we compare their self-determination attitude...
Validación de un instrumento de evaluación del comportamiento sexual de personas con discapacidad intelectual para padres (ECS-PA)
2019
La reciente normalización de la sexualidad y de los derechos sexuales entre las personas con Discapacidad Intelectual (DI) ha hecho que se incremente el número de iniciativas dirigidas a mejorar sus conocimientos y habilidades mediante programas de educación afectivo-sexual pero dichos programas requieren instrumentos de evaluación fiables que permitan identificar sus necesidades y puedan ser sensibles al cambio tras la intervención. En dicha valoración deben confluir sus percepciones, las de los profesionales que se ocupan de ellos y las de sus padres para asegurar la veracidad de la información obtenida, pero lamentablemente carecemos de instrumentos psicométricos válidos y fiables tanto …
Abuso sexual y discapacidad intelectual: cómo identifican y valoran la experiencia las personas con discapacidad intelectual y los profesionales que …
2017
El abuso sexual es un tema que afecta, de manera especial, a las personas con discapacidad intelectual. En su abordaje, el rol de los profesionales resulta clave tanto en la identificación como en la prevención y tratamiento de la problemática. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que examinen hasta qué punto la estimación de los profesionales coindice con la experiencia real de las personas con discapacidad intelectual. Por ese motivo, el presente estudio analiza la percepción de riesgo y la propia vivencia del abuso sexual de las personas con discapacidad intelectual, en comparación con la identificación y valoración realizada por los profesionales que les atienden. Para ello, participaron…
Prevalence and sequelae of self-reported and other-reported sexual abuse in adults with intellectual disability
2018
Background Sexual victimisation is an important problem that affects millions of people around the world, especially those with some kind of disability. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-reported and documented sexual abuse in people with mild or moderate intellectual disability and to analyse the sequelae that such experiences can have on their psychosocial health. Methods The sample consisted of 360 adults (50% men and 50% women) between 18 and 55 years of age (M = 39.87; standard deviation = 10.55). Results The prevalence of sexual abuse is 6.10% when it is self-reported (9.4% in women and 2.8% in men) and 28.6% when it is reported by professionals (27.8% in w…
Congruencia en conocimientos y educación afectivo-sexual en personas con DI
2018
En la educación de las personas con diversidad funcional intelectual (DFI) es importante que los principales agentes implicados (usuarios/as, padres y profesionales que trabajan con ellos) posean criterios comunes acerca de los objetivos educativos en general, y especialmente, en el área de la sexualidad. Sin embargo, las tres perspectivas no siempre son coincidentes con las consecuencias que se derivan de ello. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la identificación de necesidades y metas comunes, planteamos este trabajo con el objetivo de conocer el grado de concordancia entre: 1) los conocimientos que los usuarios tienen sobre sexualidad y la que los padres y profesionales les atribuyen y…
The social networks of young people with intellectual disabilities during the On-Campus supported adult education programme
2016
<p>This article describes the social networks of four young people with intellectual disabilities in supported adult education, focusing on their inclusion in school and leisure environments. A multiple case study approach with content analysis was used. Data were collected through interviews with young people and their family members, relationship maps, observation journals and notes from Personal Futures Planning meetings. Relationships with family members, other relatives and neighbours were close. One participant had a friend of her own age with no disabilities. The other three had varying, superficial peer relationships and friends of the family. All the participants had heteroge…
Teaching hand-washing with pictorial cues
2016
<p><span style="font-family: Garamond; font-size: medium;">Applied behavior analysis has been shown to be an effective means to teach daily living skills to individuals with intellectual disability. In the present study pictorial cues based on task analysis, system of least prompts, and social reinforcement were used to teach a man with mild intellectual disability to wash his hands correctly. An ABAB reversal design was used with follow-up after two weeks. The results show a rapid increase in hand-washing skills.</span></p>
La patria potestad prorrogada y la patria potestad rehabilitada en el nuevo proyecto de ley de reforma de la legislación civil y procesal para el apo…
2021
It is intended to analyze and reflect in the present work about the institution of the extension of parental authority and parental authority rehabilitated in the new regulation in the Draft Law that reforms the civil and procedural legislation to support people with disabilities in the exercise of their legal capacity. In this project, the extended parental authority and the rehabilitated parental authority are eliminated from the scope of disability, following a criterion that demands the treatment of people with disabilities with the attention that their specific situation requires, eliminating a regime that seems contrary to the system of promoting the autonomy of adults with disabiliti…
Subgroups of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disability: A Longitudinal Examination of Executive and Socio-Adaptive Behav…
2021
Within the autistic spectrum, there is remarkable variability in the etiology, presentation, and treatment response. This prospective study was designed to identify, through cluster analysis, subgroups of individuals with ASD without intellectual disability (ID) based on the severity of the core symptoms in childhood. The secondary aim was to explore whether these subgroups and a group with typical development (TD) differ in cognitive, adaptive, and social aspects measured in adolescence. The sample at baseline was comprised of 52 children with ASD without ID and 37 children with TD, aged 7–11. Among the ASD group, three clusters were identified. Cluster 1 (40%), ‘high severity’, presented …
Developmental outcomes in adolescence of children with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability: A systematic review of prospective s…
2021
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) without intellectual disability (ID) represent approximately two-thirds of the ASD population. Here we focused on prospective research assessing different areas of functioning of children with ASD, without ID, until adolescence. Based on a pre-registered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42020189029), a systematic review of prospective studies (published between 01.01.2010 and 01.01.2020) was conducted. Twenty-eight studies met eligibility criteria. Findings indicated that ASD diagnosis and the Intelligence Quotient were highly stable over time across studies. Executive Functioning, Theory of Mind and Central Coherence processes tended to improve, althoug…