Search results for "Interaction"
showing 10 items of 5710 documents
The Influence of the feedback control of the hexapod platform of the SAAM dynamic driving simulator on neuromuscular dynamics of the drivers
2012
Multi sensorial cues (visual, auditory, haptic, inertial, vestibular, neuromuscular) [Ang2] play important roles to represent a proper sensation (objectively) and so a perception (subjectively as cognition) in driving simulators. Driving simulator aims at giving the sensation of driving as in a real case. For a similar situation, the driver has to react in the same way as in reality in terms of ‘self motion’. To enable this behavior, the driving simulator must enhance the virtual immersion of the subject in the driving situation. The subject has to perceive the motion of his own body in the virtual scene of the virtual car as he will have in a real car. For that reason, restituting the iner…
Molecular Engineering To Control the Magnetic Interaction between Single-Chain Magnets Assembled in a Two-Dimensional Network
2012
International audience; Two two-dimensional (2D) systems having the formula [{Fe-III(dmbpy)(CN)(4)}(2)(CoL)-L-II](n) [L = pyetNO (1), tvpNO (2)] and consisting of single-chain magnets connected through organic ligands (L) have been prepared, and their magnetic properties have been investigated. The overall magnetic behavior depends on the capacity of the organic pillars to transmit long-range magnetic interactions. 1 is the first example of a 2D compound exhibiting double relaxation of the magnetization, whereas 2 behaves as a metamagnet.
Ecological role of mycotoxins in wheat crop residues and consequences on the multitrophic interactions in the soil and further development of Fusariu…
2009
Format du poster : 21 X 29,7; absent
Mechanisms of beneficial legume-microbe interactions
2013
Understanding mechanisms underlying high nutrients use efficiency and carbon allocation in a context of legumes-microbe interactions at the root level (mycorrhiza and nodules) is critical for sound management of croplands taking care of ecosystem services rendered by beneficial microbes. Indeed, availability, uptake and exchange of nutrients in biotrophic interactions will drive plant growth and modulate biomass allocation, that are central to plant yield, a major outcome, in the context of high biomass production. Transport processes across the polarised membrane interfaces are of major importance in the functioning of the established symbiosis as the relation is based on a 'fair-trade' be…
Should grape moth larval immunity help explaining resistance against natural enemies?
2011
National audience; In tritrophic systems (plants, phytophagous insects and natural enemies), host plant variation often keys the relative performance of both the herbivore and its associated natural enemies. In bottom-up effects, host plants could affect the fitness of phytophagous insects including growth rate and adult fertility. These effects are indirectly reflected in parasitoids whose success depends on their host quality. For instance, nutrient deficiency or/and toxic defensive compounds of the plants could slow-down the development of herbivorous insects, thus extending the window of vulnerability of attacks by natural enemies. The immune system is arguably the most common resistanc…
Dissection of Genetic Cell Programmes Driving Early Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Interactions
2008
The persistence through evolution of the arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis between Glomeromycota and plants is probably due to a widespread molecular dialogue between the two partners. Most studies have focussed on established mycorrhizal systems whilst evidence for cellular commitment of the symbiotic partners during early developmental phases is recent. Whereas spore germination by AM fungi can occur spontaneously, subsequent hyphal branching, appressoria differentiation, root penetration and intraradical development leading to symbiosis establishment are under the control of molecular interactions between the two partners. In this chapter, recent work on AM fungus–plant interactions i…
Reduced herbicide use does not increase crop yield loss if it is compensated by alternative preventive and curative measures
2018
Herbicide use must be reduced because of environmental and health issues. This raises the question of whether weeds and the resulting crop yield loss will increase. Previous studies analysing relationships between herbicide use intensity, weeds and yield loss suffer from methodological shortcomings in terms of weed flora and farm diversity as well as temporal scales. Here, we collected data on 272 arable cropping systems from one Spanish and six French regions, from farm surveys, the Biovigilance-Flore network, expert opinion, cropping system trials, crop advisors and scientists. Each system was simulated over 27 years and with 10 weather repetitions, using the virtual-field model FlorSys. …
Depth matters : Effects of precipitation regime on soil microbial activity upon rewetting of a plant-soil system
2018
International audience; Climate change is predicted to affect not only the amount but also the temporal distribution of rain. Changes in frequency and amplitude of rain events, i.e. precipitation patterns, result in different water conditions with soil depth, and likely affect plant growth and shape plant and soil microbial activity. Here, we used 18O stable isotope probing (SIP) to investigate bacterial and fungal communities that actively grew or not upon rewetting, at three different depths in plant-soil mesocosms previously subjected to frequent or infrequent watering for 12 weeks (equal total water input). Phylogenetic marker genes for bacteria and fungi were sequenced after rewetting,…
Toward the Identification of Two Glycoproteins Involved in the Stomatal Deregulation of Downy Mildew–Infected Grapevine Leaves
2015
SPE Pôle IPM UB; International audience; Stomata remain abnormally opened and unresponsive to abscisic acid in grapevine leaves infected by downy mildew. This deregulation occurs from 3 days post inoculation and increases concomitantly with leaf colonization by the pathogen. Using epidermal peels, we demonstrated that the active compound involved in this deregulation is located in the apoplast. Biochemical assays showed that the active compound present in the apoplastic fluids isolated from Plasmopara viticola infected grapevine leaves (IAF) is a CysCys bridge-independent, thermostable and glycosylated protein. Fractionation guided assays based on chromatography / stomatal response and prot…
Interaction Pisum sativum (pois)- Pseudomonas: Conséquences sur la nutrition en fer, la croissance et l’immunité de la plante hôte
2017
SPEEABIOMEDOCT INRA; Le projet vise à progresser dans notre connaissances des interactions pois – Pseudomonas afin d’améliorer la nutrition en fer et la santé de la plante-hôte. Le pois représente un fort potentiel en agroécologie (symbiose fixatrice d’azote) et en nutrition humaine (graines riches en acides aminés). Cependant, sa culture est sensible à la carence en fer et à certains phytopathogènes. Pour promouvoir la nutrition en fer et la santé du pois, l’objectif est de valoriser les pyoverdines, sidérophores produits par les Pseudomonas spp. fluorescents, dont certains peuvent améliorer la nutrition en fer de plantes et sont responsables d’antagonisme envers des phytopathogènes. La st…