Search results for "Intestines"
showing 10 items of 177 documents
THE VITAMIN D RECEPTOR TAQ I POLYMORPHISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED VDR AND INCREASED PDIA3 PROTEIN LEVELS IN HUMAN INTESTINAL FIBROBLASTS
2020
The synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs731236, located in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (Taq I) has been associated with both decreased levels of the protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and a fibrosis-related complication in Crohn´s disease (CD). Interactions between VDR and a protein-disulfide isomerase-associated 3 (PDIA3) in the regulation of extracellular matrix have been reported and we aim to analyze the relevance of the VDR genotypes and the effects of Vitamin D (VD) in the expression of VDR, PDIA3 and proliferation of intestinal fibroblasts. Human intestinal fibroblasts were isolated from the non-affected surgical resections of colorectal patients and cl…
Effect of single-dose and short-term administration of quercetin on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol in humans – Implications for the evaluation of …
2013
Quercetin has been shown to inhibit intestinal P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux. A crossover clinical study was performed in 10 healthy volunteers to assess the effect of single-dose and repeated quercetin intake on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol, a substrate of intestinal P-glycoprotein. Unexpectedly, mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-48h) and maximal plasma concentration (cmax) were slightly decreased following concomitant and short-term quercetin administration (3186.0 versus 2468.3 and 2527.7 ng h/ml, p>0.05; 309.7 versus 212.0 and 280.6 ng/ml, p>0.05). Individual analysis revealed that talinolol AUC0-48h was lowered by 23.9% up to 60.6% in 5 subjects and c…
Increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases in first-degree relatives of patients with celiac disease.
2003
The prevalence of autoimmune disorders is increased in patients with celiac disease (CD), and it is unknown whether their first-degree relatives also have a high risk of autoimmune disorders.To assess the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in first-degree relatives of CD patients, the authors looked for autoimmune disorders in 225 first-degree relatives of 66 children with CD (group A) and in 232 first-degree relatives of 68 healthy children (group B). For both groups, serologic screening for CD was performed through antiendomysium (EMA) and tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGAA). EMA- and tTGAA-positive subjects were offered an intestinal biopsy. The age at onset of autoimmune disea…
Unique Characteristics of the Intestinal Immune System as an Inductive Site after Antigen Reencounter
2004
Background Immunization prepares the body for a reencounter with the microbe. Information on the targeting of immune effector cells during secondary immune response--that is, lymphocyte homing--is scarce. In the present study, the homing potentials of lymphocytes are examined after antigen reencounter at mucosal versus nonmucosal sites. Methods Orally or parenterally immunized volunteers were reimmunized orally or parenterally with Salmonella typhi Ty21a, and the expression of the gut homing receptor (HR), alpha(4)beta(7), and of the peripheral lymph node HR, L-selectin, was investigated in circulating antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). Lymphocytes were sorted by HR expressio…
Efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication
1976
Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents. Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1-2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be e…
Evidence that autophagy, but not the unfolded protein response, regulates the expression of IL-23 in the gut of patients with ankylosing spondylitis …
2013
OBJECTIVES: Interleukin (IL)-23 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The aim of the study was to clarify the mechanisms underlying the increased IL-23 expression in the gut of AS patients. METHODS: Consecutive gut biopsies from 30 HLA-B27(+) AS patients, 15 Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 10 normal subjects were obtained. Evidence for HLA-B27 misfolding was studied. Unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy were assessed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The contribution of UPR and autophagy in the regulation of IL-23 expression was evaluated in in vitro experiments on isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs). RESULTS: Intracellular coloca…
Bowel wall thickening: inquire or not inquire? Our guidelines
2018
Introduction Bowel wall thickening is not an uncommon finding among patient undergoing abdomen CT scan. It may be caused by neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious or ischaemic conditions but also be a normal variant. Although specific radiologic patterns may direct to a precise diagnosis, occasionally misidentification may occur. Thus, in the absence of guidelines, further and not always needed diagnostic procedures (colonoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy or capsule endoscopy) are performed. Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective study on data collected from May 2016 to June 2017. We selected 40 adult patients, admitted in Emergency Department with "abdominal pain" and undergone a…
Obesity status and obesity-associated gut dysbiosis effects on hypothalamic structural covariance
2021
[Background]: Functional connectivity alterations in the lateral and medial hypothalamic networks have been associated with the development and maintenance of obesity, but the possible impact on the structural properties of these networks remains largely unexplored. Also, obesity-related gut dysbiosis may delineate specific hypothalamic alterations within obese conditions. We aim to assess the effects of obesity, and obesity and gut-dysbiosis on the structural covariance differences in hypothalamic networks, executive functioning, and depressive symptoms.
Endovascular treatment as first choice in chronic intestinal ischemia.
2002
The purpose of this study was to define the place of endovascular treatment in chronic intestinal ischemia (CII). We report here a series of 19 consecutive patients treated with percutaneous angioplasty of the intestinal arteries. We excluded patients with acute ischemia, from the study. From January 1, 1989 to December 31, 2001, 19 patients with symptomatic CII were treated by endovascular techniques. This study group included 11 men and 8 women with a mean age of 59 years (range 30 to 90 years). The clinical presentation included postprandial pain in 16 patients, weight loss in 14 patients, with a mean weight loss of 7.4 kg (range 0 to 30 kg); and gastroparesis in 2 patients. Stenoses wer…
Influence of Duration of Experiment on Rate of Uptake of Radioactive Potassium in Smooth Muscle
1963
THE rates of uptake and loss of radioactive tracers by excitable tissues can often be described by a function involving one exponential term1–3, but over relatively long periods deviations have been observed from such a simple course4–7. The rates of exchange towards the end of such periods are commonly slower than would be predicted from the initial rates and two general causes for this behaviour have been suggested: either the rates are, in fact, diminishing during the course of an experiment or the tissue is not behaving uniformly. This latter possibility has been extensively investigated1,8–15, because biological material shows an obvious lack of uniformity, and because deviations from …