Search results for "Invariant"

showing 10 items of 783 documents

First measurement of the charge asymmetry in beauty-quark pair production.

2014

The difference in the angular distributions between beauty quarks and antiquarks, referred to as the charge asymmetry, is measured for the first time in b[bar over b] pair production at a hadron collider. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.0  fb[superscript −1] collected at 7 TeV center-of-mass energy in proton-proton collisions with the LHCb detector. The measurement is performed in three regions of the invariant mass of the b[bar over b] system. The results obtained are A[b[bar over b] over C](40 105  GeV/c[superscript 2]) = 1.6 ± 1.7 ± 0.6%, where A[b[bar over b] over C] is defined as the asymmetry in the difference in rapidity between jets formed from the beauty q…

ROOT-S=7 TEV; COLLISIONS; DETECTOR; DECAYcharge asymmetriesGeneral Physics and Astronomy7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnuclearehigh energy physicsthe standard model[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]photonsInvariant massNuclear ExperimentQCmedia_commonPhysicsLarge Hadron Colliderhadron collidersintegrated luminosityParticle physicsroot-S=7 Tev; colisions; detector; decayFísica nuclearLHCtellurium compoundsParticle Physics - ExperimentQuarkCOLLISIONSParticle physics530 Physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectPhysics InstituteLHCb - Abteilung HofmannBottom quarkAsymmetryStandard ModelNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)RapiditySDG 7 - Affordable and Clean EnergyDETECTOR14.65.Fyhadron colliders; tellurium compounds; center-of-mass energies; transverse planes; charge asymmetries; integrated luminosity; high energy physics; pair production; photons; the standard model; proton proton collisions/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energyROOT-S=7 TEVcenter-of-mass energiesHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyBottom quarkproton proton collisionsLHCbpair productionPair productiontransverse planesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica de partículesExperimentsDECAYPhysical review letters
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CORRELATIONS AMONG FORWARD RETURNS IN THE NORDIC ELECTRICITY MARKET

2009

I analyze empirical correlations of electricity forward returns from the perspective of a random field model that specifies the correlations in terms of the temporal separation between forward maturities. It turns out that temporal separation cannot fully account for the empirical forward return correlations. Specifically, the relation between correlations and temporal separation does not seem to be invariant across segments of the electricity forward market or trading periods.

Random fieldFinancial economicsbusiness.industrySeparation (statistics)EconomicsElectricity forward returns correlations temporal separation random fieldElectricity marketForward marketElectricityInvariant (mathematics)businessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceFinanceInternational Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance
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Non-Periodic Systems with Continuous Diffraction Measures

2015

The present state of mathematical diffraction theory for systems with continuous spectral components is reviewed and extended. We begin with a discussion of various characteristic examples with singular or absolutely continuous diffraction, and then continue with a more general exposition of a systematic approach via stationary stochastic point processes. Here, the intensity measure of the Palm measure takes the role of the autocorrelation measure in the traditional approach. We furthermore introduce a ‘Palm-type’ measure for general complex-valued random measures that are stationary and ergodic, and relate its intensity measure to the autocorrelation measure.

Random measureMathematical analysisComplex measureInformation theory and measure theoryInvariant measureStatistical physicsDiscrete measureEmpirical measureMeasure (mathematics)Point processMathematics
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Tuning continua and keyboard layouts

2008

Previous work has demonstrated the existence of keyboard layouts capable of maintaining consistent fingerings across a parametrized family of tunings. This paper describes the general principles underlying layouts that are invariant in both transposition and tuning. Straightforward computational methods for determining appropriate bases for a regular temperament are given in terms of a row-reduced matrix for the temperament-mapping. A concrete description of the range over which consistent fingering can be maintained is described by the valid tuning range. Measures of the resulting keyboard layouts allow direct comparison of the ease with which various chordal and scalic patterns can be fin…

Regular temperamentComputational MathematicsGeneralityChordal graphApplied MathematicsModeling and SimulationIsotoneInvariant (mathematics)AlgorithmMusicMathematicsJournal of Mathematics and Music
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Unbiased Simultaneous Prediction Limits on Observations in Future Samples

2013

This paper provides procedures for constructing unbiased simultaneous prediction limits on the observations or functions of observations of all of k future samples using the results of a previous sample from the same underlying distribution belonging to invariant family. The results have direct application in reliability theory, where the time until the first failure in a group of several items in service provides a measure of assurance regarding the operation of the items. The simultaneous prediction limits are required as specifications on future life for components, as warranty limits for the future performance of a specified number of systems with standby units, and in various other app…

Reliability theoryMathematical optimizationeducation.field_of_studyComputer scienceWarrantyPopulationStatisticsSample (statistics)Limit (mathematics)Invariant (mathematics)educationMeasure (mathematics)Weibull distribution
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Renormalization-group analysis for the transition to chaos in Hamiltonian systems

2002

Abstract We study the stability of Hamiltonian systems in classical mechanics with two degrees of freedom by renormalization-group methods. One of the key mechanisms of the transition to chaos is the break-up of invariant tori, which plays an essential role in the large scale and long-term behavior. The aim is to determine the threshold of break-up of invariant tori and its mechanism. The idea is to construct a renormalization transformation as a canonical change of coordinates, which deals with the dominant resonances leading to qualitative changes in the dynamics. Numerical results show that this transformation is an efficient tool for the determination of the threshold of the break-up of…

RenormalizationPhysicsFractalQuantum mechanicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyTorusInvariant (physics)Renormalization groupMathematics::Symplectic GeometryStable manifoldHamiltonian systemUniversality (dynamical systems)Mathematical physicsPhysics Reports
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Method Effects and Gender Invariance of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale: A Study on Adolescents

2015

AbstractRosenberg's self-esteem scale has been extensively used in all areas of psychology to assess global self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1965, 1979). Its construct validity, and specifically its factor structure, has almost from the beginning been under debate. More than four decades after its creation the cumulated evidence points that the scale measures a single trait (self-esteem) but confounded by a method factor associated to negatively worded items. The aim of the study is to examine the measurement invariance of the RSES by gender and test potential gender differences at the latent (trait and method) variable level, while controlling for method effects, in a sample of Spanish students. A …

Rosenberg Self-esteem ScaleGender DifferencesRosenberg self-esteem scaleDiferencias por SexoConstruct validitySample (statistics)General MedicineInvariant (physics)Measurement InvarianceDevelopmental psychologyTest (assessment)Scale (social sciences)TraitPsychologyMeasurement invarianceEscala de Autoestima de RosenbergPsychologyInvarianza de Medición
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Spherical nonlinear correlations for global invariant three-dimensional object recognition

2007

We define a nonlinear filtering based on correlations on unit spheres to obtain both rotation- and scale-invariant three-dimensional (3D) object detection. Tridimensionality is expressed in terms of range images. The phase Fourier transform (PhFT) of a range image provides information about the orientations of the 3D object surfaces. When the object is sequentially rotated, the amplitudes of the different PhFTs form a unit radius sphere. On the other hand, a scale change is equivalent to a multiplication of the amplitude of the PhFT by a constant factor. The effect of both rotation and scale changes for 3D objects means a change in the intensity of the unit radius sphere. We define a 3D fil…

RotationMaterials Science (miscellaneous)3D single-object recognitionStatistics as TopicInformation Storage and RetrievalSensitivity and SpecificityFacial recognition systemIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPattern Recognition Automatedsymbols.namesakeImaging Three-DimensionalOpticsArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedBusiness and International ManagementInvariant (mathematics)Physicsbusiness.industryCognitive neuroscience of visual object recognitionReproducibility of ResultsImage EnhancementObject detectionNonlinear systemFourier transformAmplitudeNonlinear DynamicssymbolsbusinessAlgorithmsApplied Optics
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Stable products of spheres in the non-linear coupling of oscillators or quasi-periodic motions

2004

Abstract For generic families of vector fields or transformations, normally hyperbolic invariant products of spheres appear near partially elliptic rest points. To cite this article: M. Kammerer-Colin de Verdiere, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 339 (2004).

Saddle pointNon linear couplingVector fieldGeometrySPHERESGeneral MedicineMathematics::Spectral TheoryQuasi periodicInvariant (mathematics)Mathematical physicsMathematicsComptes Rendus Mathematique
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Scale detection via keypoint density maps in regular or near-regular textures

2013

In this paper we propose a new method to detect the global scale of images with regular, near regular, or homogenous textures. We define texture ''scale'' as the size of the basic elements (texels or textons) that most frequently occur into the image. We study the distribution of the interest points into the image, at different scale, by using our Keypoint Density Maps (KDMs) tool. A ''mode'' vector is built computing the most frequent values (modes) of the KDMs, at different scales. We observed that the mode vector is quasi linear with the scale. The mode vector is properly subsampled, depending on the scale of observation, and compared with a linear model. Texture scale is estimated as th…

Scale (ratio)Computer sciencebusiness.industryTextonScale-invariant feature transformPattern recognitionSIFT SURF Harris corner Texture Scale Texel TextonTexture (geology)Artificial IntelligenceComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSignal ProcessingComputer visionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessTexelSoftware
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