Search results for "Iode"
showing 10 items of 1284 documents
Monitoring of atrazine treatment on soil bacterial, fungal and atrazine-degrading communities by quantitative competitive PCR
2003
We report the development of quantitative competitive (QC) PCR assays for quantifying the 16S, 18S ribosomal and atzC genes in nucleic acids directly extracted from soil. QC-PCR assays were standardised, calibrated and evaluated with an experimental study aiming to evaluate the impact of atrazine application on soil microflora. Comparison of QC-PCR 16S and 18S results with those of soil microbial biomass showed that, following atrazine application, the microbial biomass was not affected and that the amount of 16S rDNA gene representing 'bacteria' increased transitorily, while the amount of 18S rDNA gene representing fungi decreased in soil. In addition, comparison of atzC QC-PCR results wit…
Degradation of 2,4‐D, 2,4‐Dichlorophenol, and 4‐Chlorophenol in Soil after Sorption on Humified and Nonhumified Organic Matter
1999
Soil organic matter (SOM) primarily governs sorption processes and therefore affects the availability of organic chemicals to degrading microorganisms. Transformations of 14 C-ring-labeled 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP); and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) sorbed on organic materials with increasing degrees of humification (wood, fresh straw, composted straw, ligain, and humic acid) and on a reference mineral sorbent (Al-oxide) were studied during soil incubation experiments. Chemicals previously sorbed on the different sorbents were applied to the soil. Mineralization kinetics, analysis of water and methanol extracts and measurements of the nonextractable radioa…
Isoproturon
2010
Frequent use of phenylurea herbicide isoproturon (IPU) in agricultural fields has resulted not only in the contamination of the natural resources including soil and water but also in the adaptation of the soil microflora to its rapid degradation. However, up to now, the mechanisms underlying this microbial adaptation are not well elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore the processes and factors implicated in IPU degradation from the agricultural field to the genes coding for catabolic genes. The study carried out at the experimental field of Epoisses cropped with a winter wheat / barley / rape seed crop rotation indicated that as a result of its periodically repeated use, the soil …
Les herbicides β-tricétones : devenir et impact écotoxicologique dans les sols agricoles et caractérisation de souches bactériennes dégradantes
2016
P-triketone herbicides : fate and ecotoxicological impact in arable soils and characterization of degrading bacterial strains abstract :This work aims to describe the ecodynamics of synthetic (sulcotrione and mesotrione) and natural (leptospermone) -triketone herbicides and to estimate their ecotoxicological impact on the bacterial community in arable soils. The processes involved in the dissipation of these herbicides (adsorption and biodegradation) have been studied in soil microcosms. Two bacterial strains, Bradyrhizobium sp. SRl able to degrade sulcotrione and mesotrione, and Methylophilus sp. LS1 degrading leptospermone, have been isolated. A bank of 12 ooo mutants of Bradyrhizobium sp…
Modelling hydrolysis: Simultaneous versus sequential biodegradation of the hydrolysable fractions
2018
Hydrolysis is considered the limiting step during solid waste anaerobic digestion (including co-digestion of sludge and biosolids). Mechanisms of hydrolysis are mechanistically not well understood with detrimental impact on model predictive capability. The common approach to multiple substrates is to consider simultaneous degradation of the substrates. This may not have the capacity to separate the different kinetics. Sequential degradation of substrates is theoretically supported by microbial capacity and the composite nature of substrates (bioaccessibility concept). However, this has not been experimentally assessed. Sequential chemical fractionation has been successfully used to define i…
Environmental levels of bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin feminize digit length ratios in male rats: towards a new sensitive indicator of prenat…
2012
Environmental levels of bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin feminize digit length ratios in male rats: towards a new sensitive indicator of prenatal endocrine disruption and its impact in the progeny. – CIME project. Colloque PNR-PE
Early biological factors and outcome in very preterm infants
2013
Our aim was to identify early biochemical abnormalities associated with adverse outcome in very preterm infants. Based on an 8-year population-study for assessing the outcome in 1067 very preterm babies admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Dijon university hospital, two research axes were explored: 1) the impact of plasma chloride abnormalities on neurological morbidities; 2) the association between hypoproteinemia on the first day of life (D1) and adverse outcome. These issues were assessed by 4 studies, performed on the initial population and on 3 other cohorts.We found that hyperchloremia results in severe metabolic acidosis during the first 7-10 days of life, but this is not …
Soil aggregates and humus systems
2016
The European Society for Soil Conservation Conference, organized by the Babes-Bolyai University will take place from 15th June to the 18th June 2016 at the Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The conference will cover areas like Soils – Our Common Future” stresses the vital interconnection between soil and life, as well as its importance for the future of the human society.; International audience; The survey of few main morphological soil aggregates (with intrinsic biological, chemical and physical contents) reveals the existence of different humus systems. Recognizable by naked eyes in the field, each humus system is confined in an ecological frame (climate, ve…
[div]Long-term dynamics of the atrazine mineralization potential in surface and subsurface soil in an agricultural field as a response to atrazine ap…
2012
Abstract The dynamics of the atrazine mineralization potential in agricultural soil was studied in two soil layers (topsoil and at 35–45 cm depth) in a 3 years field trial to examine the long term response of atrazine mineralizing soil populations to atrazine application and intermittent periods without atrazine and the effect of manure treatment on those processes. In topsoil samples, 14 C-atrazine mineralization lag times decreased after atrazine application and increased with increasing time after atrazine application, suggesting that atrazine application resulted into the proliferation of atrazine mineralizing microbial populations which decayed when atrazine application stopped. Decay …
Enhanced isoproturon mineralisation in a clay silt loam agricultural soil
2005
International audience; 14C-ring-labelled isoproturon mineralisation was investigated in a French agricultural soil previously exposed to isoproturon. 50 different soil samples collected every 2 m along a transect of 100 m in length were treated one or two times with isoproturon under laboratory conditions and analysed by radiorespirometry. 94% of the soil samples showed a high ability to mineralise isoproturon with a relatively low variability in the cumulative percentage of mineralisation ranging from 30 to 51% of the initially added radioactivity for the samples treated once with the herbicide. About 45 to 67% of the initially added radioactivity was transformed into 14CO2 in soil sample…