Search results for "Ischemia"

Automatic Holter electrocardiogram analysis in ischaemic stroke patients to detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation : ready to replace physicians?

2020

Background and purpose The detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) in patients presenting with ischaemic stroke shifts secondary stroke prevention to oral anticoagulation. In order to deal with the time- and resource-consuming manual analysis of prolonged electrocardiogram (ECG)-monitoring data, we investigated the effectiveness of pAF detection with an automated algorithm (AA) in comparison to a manual analysis with software support within the IDEAS study [study analysis (SA)]. Methods We used the dataset of the prospective IDEAS cohort of patients with acute ischaemic stroke/transient ischaemic attack presenting in sinus rhythm undergoing prolonged 72-h Holter ECG with central a…

Endothelial function testing and cardiovascular disease: focus on peripheral arterial tonometry

2014

During recent decades, a number of methods have been developed to assess endothelial function, contributing to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Recently, the advent of noninvasive, reproducible techniques for assessment of endothelial function has opened novel possibilities of application in the clinical setting. Peripheral arterial tonometry is a relatively novel, user-friendly technique measuring finger pulse volume amplitude changes induced by reactive hyperemia following 5 minutes of ischemia in the upper limb. Current evidence indicates that this technique has the potential to significantly impact the field of cardiovascular research and preventi…

Orthopantomography contribution to prevent isquemic stroke.

2014

Objectives: The ortopantomography (OPG) can be a valuable way for an early detection of calcified atheroma plaques, thus contributing for a preliminary stroke risk evaluation. The study looks for the existence of calcified atheroma plates through the use of OPG, comparing the results with the stenosis percentage found through eco-doppler. It has been analyzed the correlation of the number of years as a smoker, arterial hypertension and body mass index, against the risk of having calcified atheroma plaques. Study Design: Observational, transversal and prospective study with 84 patients from the Dental Center of Hospital Particular de Lisboa. First the patients answered to an inquiry and them…

Psychiatrische und neuropsychologische Auffälligkeiten bei Patienten mit Morbus Fabry: Literaturübersicht

2005

Fabry Disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder (prevalence about 1 : 100 000) caused by a genetic defect associated with a lack of alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-GAL) enzyme activity. As a consequence, neutral glycosphingolipides can not be cleaved and metabolized, and accumulate in lysosomes of several tissues, particularly in vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells. The most prominent symptoms comprise pain attacks and acroparesthesia, angiokeratoma, corneal opacity, renal and cardiac dysfunction, hypo- and anhidrosis, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cerebrovascular dysfunction with vertigo, headache, and cerebral ischemia. Characteristic symptoms of FD can occur in male a…

Improved Regeneration of Autologous Nerve Transplants by Means of VEGF-Gene Therapy

2009

The impact of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) on the angiogenic cascade is proven. Recently its neuroprotective effect after peripheral nerve injuries on α-motoneurons in the spinal cord was shown. Experiments on α-motoneurons demonstrated a decreased sensitivity to ischemia under VEGF-therapy. Aim of the study was to elucidate the effect of a localized VEGF-gene-therapy using an adenoviral vector construct in the model of a peripheral nerve defect in the rat treated with an autologous nerve transplant.

Temporal changes in free iron levels after brain ischemia

2008

Whereas iron chelators have been proposed as therapeutic agents in stroke, changes in free iron levels have never been explored after focal brain ischemia. Therefore, free and total iron levels in cortical tissue and free iron levels in plasma were measured before and after (1, 4 and 24h) photothrombotic occlusion of cortical vessels in rats. Brain ferritin expression and localization were also investigated before and after (24, 72 and 192 h) occlusion. The results showed that free iron remained below detectable levels in plasma and that the lesion exhibited high levels of free and total iron. As compared to contralateral values, free iron levels in ischemic core and penumbra increased (+50…

Temporal profile of gene induction after venous ischemia accompanied by spreading depression as compared to spreading depression alone

2002

Abstract The occlusion of two adjacent cortical veins is followed by a widespread reduction of rCBF and the occurrence of small infarcts, which become larger if spreading depression (SD) occurs. The model appears to be useful for studying penumbra pathophysiology. Here, the time course of gene expression in the penumbra was compared to those induced by the SD alone. In an experiment involving rats, an occlusion of two cortical veins was induced by i.v. rose bengal and fiberoptic illumination. Ten SDs were induced at 7-min intervals. Changes of the gene expression after 2, 8, 24 and 72 h were analysed for 13 genes by RT-PCR. The housekeeping gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP…

Interventional femoral “crossover” bypass for peripheral ischaemia under cardiocirculatory support with the Impella CP heart pump

2020

Clinical conditions responsible for hyperviscosity and skin ulcers complications

2017

In this brief review, we have examined some clinical conditions that result to be associated to an altered hemorheological profile and at times accompanied by skin ulcers. This skin condition may be observed in patients with the following condtions, such as primary polycythemic hyperviscosity (polycythemia, thrombocytemia) treated with hydroxyurea, primary plasma hyperviscosity (multiple myeloma, cryoglobulinemia, cryofibrinogenemia, dysfibrinogenemia, and connective tissue diseases), primary sclerocythemic hyperviscosity (hereditary spherocytosis, thalassemia, and sickle cell disease). In addition, it may be present in patients with secondary hyperviscosity conditions such as diabetes mell…

Coronary venous therapy to improve microvascular dysfunction.

2021

The coronary circulation is a complex system in which vascular resistances are determined by an interplay of forces in at least three compartments: the epicardial, the microvascular, and the venous district. Cardiologists, and particularly interventional cardiologists, normallly place the focus of their attention on diseases of the epicardial coronary circulation as possible causes of coronary syndromes and neglect the importance of the other two compartments of coronary circulation. The study of the coronary microcirculation, an increasingly recognized source of ischemia, has long been disregarded, but is witnessing a revival since the (re-)introduction of diagnostic tools in the better eq…