Search results for "Isobar"

showing 10 items of 210 documents

Ellipsometric studies of behenic acid at the air-water interface

1991

The rich phase behaviour of monolayers of behenic acid (=docosanoic acid) has been analyzed by null ellipsometry in isothermic and isobaric measurements. By using structural data known from x-ray measurements the anisotropy and refractive indices in the vicinity of the S-CS phase transition have been calculated with a minimum of model assumptions. The calculated values are: nsx=1.47. ncsx=1.48. nsz=1.54. ncsz=1.55. and anisotropy γ=nx/nz ≈0.95. It is also shown that ellipsometry is a very sensitive and convenient method of detecting phase transitions. Its value for quantifying the roughness of the monolayer in the close vicinity of phase transitions due to thickness and density fluctuations…

Phase transitionPolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEllipsometryPhase (matter)MonolayerMaterials ChemistryIsobaric processBehenic acidAnisotropyRefractive indexMakromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia
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Low-lying level structure of Cu56 and its implications for the rp process

2017

The low-lying energy levels of proton-rich Cu56 have been extracted using in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy with the state-of-the-art γ-ray tracking array GRETINA in conjunction with the S800 spectrograph at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. Excited states in Cu56 serve as resonances in the Ni55(p,γ)Cu56 reaction, which is a part of the rp process in type-I x-ray bursts. To resolve existing ambiguities in the reaction Q value, a more localized isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME) fit is used, resulting in Q=639±82 keV. We derive the first experimentally constrained thermonuclear reaction rate for Ni55(p,γ)Cu56. We find that, with this new rate, the …

Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsQ valuerp-process01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsMass formulaExcited state0103 physical sciencesLevel structureIsobaric processAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyMultipletPhysical Review C
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Spectroscopy of Kr70 and isospin symmetry in the T=1 fpg shell nuclei

2016

The recoil-β tagging technique has been used in conjunction with the 40 Ca(32 S ,2n) reaction at a beam energy of 88 MeV to identify transitions associated with the decay of the 2 + and, tentatively, 4 + states in the nucleus 70 Kr. These data are used, along with previously published data, to examine the triplet energy differences (TED) for the mass 70 isobars. The experimental TED values are compared with shell model calculations, performed with the JUN45 interaction in the fpg model space, that include a J = 0 isospin nonconserving (INC) interaction with an isotensor strength of 100 keV. The agreement is found to be very good up to spin 4 and supports the expectation for analog states th…

Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsShell (structure)Space (mathematics)01 natural sciencesSymmetry (physics)Nuclear physicsmedicine.anatomical_structureIsospin0103 physical sciencesIsobarmedicineAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpin (physics)SpectroscopyNucleusPhysical Review C
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Multimeson model for the D+→K+K−K+ decay amplitude

2018

We propose an approach to describe the ${D}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}{K}^{+}$ decay amplitude, based on chiral effective Lagrangians, which can be used to extract information about $K\overline{K}$ scattering. It relies on factorization and its main novel feature is the role played by multimeson interactions characteristic of chiral symmetry. Our trial function is an alternative to the widely used isobar model and includes both nonresonant three-body interactions and two-body rescattering amplitudes, based on coupled channels and resonances, for S- and P-waves with isospin 0 and 1. The latter are unitarized in the $K$-matrix approximation and represent the only s…

PhysicsChiral symmetry010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyScalar (mathematics)01 natural sciencesAmplitudeFactorizationIsospin0103 physical sciencesIsobar010306 general physicsMathematical physicsPhysical Review D
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Isobar excitation in proton-proton bremsstrahlung

1978

Abstract The contribution of intermediate nucleon isobars to proton-proton bremsstrahlung is calculated in a relativistic model. Using conventional coupling constants and form factors for the exchange of π - and ρ-mesons we find that for photon energies ω > 100 MeV isobar excitation increases the cross section markedly over the prediction of soft-photon calculations. Our results agree well with recent experiments at incident proton energy T lab =730 MeV.

PhysicsCoupling constantNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSoft photonPhotonProtonNuclear TheoryBremsstrahlungNuclear physicsIsobarPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentNucleonExcitationNuclear Physics A
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Statistical analysis ofβdecays and the effective value ofgAin the proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation framework

2016

We perform a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) statistical analysis of a number of measured ground-state-to-ground-state single ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{+}$/electron-capture and ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decays in the nuclear mass range of $A=62--142$. The corresponding experimental comparative half-lives ($logft$ values) are compared with the theoretical ones obtained by the use of the proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation $(pn\mathrm{QRPA})$ with $G$-matrix-based effective interactions. The MCMC analysis is performed separately for 47 isobaric triplets and 28 more extended isobaric chains of nuclei to extract values and uncertainties for the effective axial-vec…

PhysicsCoupling constantParticle physicsProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear TheoryValue (computer science)01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleIsobaric processNeutronBeta (velocity)Atomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsRandom phase approximationPhysical Review C
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Isobar width effects in the coupling of nucleon to isobar channels

1986

The investigation of the effects of isobar coupling to two-nucleon channels has been extended to include additional physical features. A new code discretizes the mass distribution of the isobar widths and treats each mass as a separate channel. This allows the treatment of width in the presence of coupling by transition potentials, in addition to the previously permitted boundary coupling. It also produces the S-italic-matrix components required to describe the many-body final-state distributions. When indicated by the one-pion-exchange coupling strength new isobar channels are included. The new results for nucleon-nucleon scattering fit the data better, starting from more realistic models.…

PhysicsCouplingMass distributionScatteringMomentum transferNuclear TheoryFísicaElementary particleNuclear physicsMany-body problemIsobarAtomic physicsNucleonNuclear Experiment
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Beta decay of the new isotope101Sn

1995

The very neutron-deficient isotope 101Sn was produced in a 50Cr(58Ni, 2p5n) reaction and its decay properties were determined for the first time. By using chemically selective ion sources of an on-line mass separator, the energy spectrum and the half-life (3 ± 1 s) of beta-delayed protons of 101Sn were measured. These results are compared to theoretical predictions.

PhysicsDecay schemeIsotopeSeparator (oil production)Condensed Matter PhysicsBeta decayAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBeta-decay stable isobarsIonNuclear physicsEnergy spectrumAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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Effective axial-vector strength and β -decay systematics

2014

We use the weak axial-vector coupling strength as a key parameter to reproduce simultaneously the available data for both the Gamow-Teller and decay rates in nine triplets of isobars with mass numbers . We use the proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation (pnQRPA) with schematic dipole interaction containing particle-particle and particle-hole parts with mass-dependent strengths. Our analysis points to a strongly quenched effective value , with a relative error of 28%. We then perform a systematic computation of 218 experimentally known and decays with quite a remarkable success. The presently extracted value of should be taken as an effective one, specific for a given nuclear…

PhysicsDipoleApproximation errorComputationGiant resonanceNuclear TheoryQuasiparticleIsobarGeneral Physics and AstronomyAtomic physicsPseudovectorExcitationEPL (Europhysics Letters)
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Competition Between Beta and Double Beta Decay in 48Ca and 96Zr

2000

Highly forbidden beta decays of 48Ca and 96Zr are studied and their relative importance as compared to the double beta decay of these nuclei is evaluated. 48Ca and 96Zr are the only naturally occurring nuclei in which these processes can occur simultaneously. Although usually ordinary beta decay overwhelms double beta decay unless the former is energetically forbidden, in these cases the high degree of forbiddenness and small release of kinetic energy makes the half-lives of these modes comparable to each other.

PhysicsDouble beta decayBeta (velocity)Atomic physicsKinetic energyBeta decayBeta-decay stable isobarsHarmonic oscillator
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