Search results for "Isola"
showing 10 items of 818 documents
Acremines A-F, novel secondary metabolites produced by an endophytic strain of Acremonium sp., isolated in grape leaves infected by Plasmopara vitico…
2005
Six novel metabolites, acremines A–F have been isolated from agar cultures of a strain of Acremonium sp. Their structures and stereochemistry were elucidated using a combination of 13C and 1H homo and heteronuclear 2D NMR experiments and X-ray analysis. Acremines A–D inhibited the germination of sporangia of Plasmopara viticola.
Doubled haploid production in fruit crops
2006
The interest of fruit breeders in haploids and doubled haploids (DH), lies in the possibility of shortening the time needed to produce homozygous lines compared to conventional breeding. Haplo-diploidization through gametic embryogenesis allows single-step development of complete homozygous lines from heterozygous parents. In a conventional breeding programme, a pure line is developed after several generations of selfing. With fruit crops, characterized by a long reproductive cycle, a high degree of heterozygosity, large size, and, sometimes, self-incompatibility, there is no way to obtain haploidization through conventional methods. This paper reviews the current status of research on doub…
The role of parasitism in adaptive radiations – when might parasites promote and when might they constrain ecological speciation?
2012
Research on speciation and adaptive radiation has flourished during the past decades, yet factors underlying initiation of reproductive isolation often remain unknown. Parasites represent important selective agents and have received renewed attention in speciation research. We review the literature on parasite-mediated divergent selection in context of ecological speciation and present empirical evidence for three nonexclusive mechanisms by which parasites might facilitate speciation: reduced viability or fecundity of immigrants and hybrids, assortative mating as a pleiotropic by-product of host adaptation, and ecologically-based sexual selection. We emphasise the lack of research on specia…
Evidenza di un caso di epatite infettiva del cane in Sicilia
2011
L’Adenovirus Canino di tipo 1 (CAV-1), appartenente al genere Mastadenovirus, famiglia Adenoviridae, è l’agente causale dell’epatite infettiva del cane (ICH). Il virus replica negli endoteli vascolari e negli epatociti, causando epatite necrotico emorragica acuta. I sintomi neurologici sono rari e sono causati da una vasculite del SNC. Negli ultimi anni, la diffusa vaccinazione ha ridotto la circolazione di CAV-1 ed i casi clinici segnalati sono diventati rari ed isolati. In questo lavoro, gli Autori descrivono un caso clinico in un cucciolo di 2 mesi, non vaccinato, con febbre, prostrazione, convulsioni, vomito, diarrea ed esito infausto in una settimana. A seguito dell’esame autoptico, so…
Persistent Endemicity of Salmonella bongori 48:z 35 :− in Southern Italy: Molecular Characterization of Human, Animal, and Environmental Isolates
2002
ABSTRACT From 1984 to 1999, we collected 31 isolates of the rare serovar Salmonella bongori 48:z 35 :− in southern Italy. Twenty-four of the isolates were from cases of acute enteritis in humans. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis showed that all but one of our isolates were at least 80% similar. Our findings suggest that genetically related S. bongori 48:z 35 :− strains are endemically circulating in southern Italy.
Supraventricular arrhythmias in noncompaction of left ventricle: Is this a frequent complication?
2008
Background: Isolated left ventricular noncompaction is the result of incomplete myocardial morphogenesis, leading to persistence of the embryonic myocardium. The condition is recognised by an excessively prominent trabecular meshwork and deep intertrabecular recesses of the left ventricle. Whether these intertrabecular recesses are a favorable substrate for supraventricular arrhythmias is unclear, even if the incidence of chronic heart failure seems to be high. Results: We evaluated a continuous series of 238 patients affected by noncompaction. In 4 cases the patients reported palpitations and in 4 an episode of syncope. Periodic holter monitoring was performed every 6 months for 4 years. O…
Ventricular tachycardia in non-compaction of left ventricle: Is this a frequent complication?
2007
Background: Isolated left ventricular non-compaction is the result of incomplete myocardial morphogenesis, leading to persistence of the embryonic myocardium. The condition is recognized by an excessively prominent trabecular meshwork and deep intertrabecular recesses of the left ventricle. Whether these intertrabecular recesses are a favorable substrate for ventricular arrhythmias is unclear. Some reports have found that the fatal ventricular arrhythmias may occur in approximately half of the patients. In this report we investigated about this association. Methods and Results: In total we evaluated a continuous series of 238 patients affected by non-compaction. Periodic Holter monitoring w…
Isolation in small populations of Wayampi Amerindians promotes endemicity and homogenisation of their faecal virome, but its distribution is not enti…
2018
The isolated community of the Wayampi Amerindians has been extensively studied for the presence of beta lactamase-producing enterobacteria and their gut microbiota. However, no information about their virome was available. This study tries to establish potential associations between the virome and diverse epidemiological data, through the metagenomic study of the faecal prophages and DNA viruses from 31 samples collected in 2010. Taxonomic assignments, composition, abundance and diversity analyses were obtained to characterise the virome and were compared between groups according to several demographic, environmental and medical data. Prophages outnumbered viruses. Composition and abundance…
Reductions in circulating endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels in healthy human subjects exposed to chronic stressors
2016
Increasing evidence indicates that chronic stress, such as social isolation, plays an important role in the development of a variety of psychiatric and somatic disorders. Meanwhile, chronic stress imposed by prolonged isolation and confinement in the spacecraft is also one of the major concerns for the health of future interplanetary space travelers. Preclinical studies suggest that the peripheral endocannabinoid (eCB) system is involved in the regulation of the stress response and eCB signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of stress-related diseases. However, there are only few human studies addressing this topic, of which most focusing on patients who have already developed a certain…
Manifestation and ultrastructural typing of amyloid deposits in the heart
1983
Using light and electron microscopy, 65 cases of amyloid deposits in the heart were examined. Five different groups were distinguished: I. isolated atrial amyloidosis, II. senile cardiac amyloidosis, III. cardiac amyloid accompanying chronic infections and tumors, IV. cardiac amyloid accompanying plasma cell dyscrasia, V. idiopathic cardiac amyloidosis. Seen structurally, no principal differences in the precise localization of the amyloid deposits were found in any of the groups investigated. Amyloid is always deposited in the vicinity of cells with myocytic cell differentiation (i.e. the heart muscle cells, non-striated muscle cells of the vessels), whereby the relevant basement membranes …