Search results for "JUNCTIONS"

Nb based Josephson junctions subgap transport phenomena

2005

Correction: Oncogenic extracellular HSP70 disrupts the gap-junctional coupling between capillary cells

2021

High levels of circulating heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) are detected in many cancers. In order to explore the effects of extracellular HSP70 on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC), we initially used gap-FRAP technique. Extracellular human HSP70 (rhHSP70), but not rhHSP27, blocks the gap-junction intercellular communication (GJIC) between HMEC, disrupts the structural integrity of HMEC junction plaques, and decreases connexin43 (Cx43) expression, which correlates with the phosphorylation of Cx43 serine residues. Further exploration of these effects identified a rapid transactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in a Toll-Like Receptor 4-dependent manner, preceding its in…

Illusory conjunctions in French: The nature of sublexical units in visual word recognition

2005

The respective influence of orthographic redundancy (Seidenberg, 1987) and syllable boundaries (Rapp, 1992) on reading units in French was tested in three experiments, using the illusory conjunction paradigm (Prinzmetal, Treiman, & Rho, 1986). Bigram boundaries were defined according to bigram frequencies. The data showed that the syllable effect was attenuated or cancelled when syllable boundaries did not coincide with bigram boundaries. Reading units were defined by syllable and orthographic information. The implications of such findings for the dual route theory and the PDP model are discussed.

Can PBDEs affect the pathophysiologic complex of epithelium in lung diseases?

2020

Brominated flame-retardant (BFRs) exposure promotes multiple adverse health outcomes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissues damage. We investigated BFR effects, known as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (47, 99 and 209) in an air-liquid-interface (ALI) airway tissue derived from A549 cell line, and compared with ALI culture of primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBEC). The cells, exposed to PBDEs (47, 99 and 209) (0.01-1 mu M) for 24 h, were studied for IL-8, Muc5AC and Muc5B (mRNAs and proteins) production, as well as NOX-4 (mRNA) expression. Furthermore, we evaluated tight junction (TJ) integrity by Trans-Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) measurements, …

Vezatin, a novel transmembrane protein, bridges myosin VIIA to the cadherin-catenins complex

2000

International audience; Defects in myosin VIIA are responsible for deafness in the human and mouse. The role of this unconventional myosin in the sensory hair cells of the inner ear is not yet understood. Here we show that the C-terminal FERM domain of myosin VIIA binds to a novel transmembrane protein, vezatin, which we identi®ed by a yeast two-hybrid screen. Vezatin is a ubiquitous protein of adherens cell±cell junctions, where it interacts with both myosin VIIA and the cadherin±catenins complex. Its recruitment to adherens junctions implicates the C-terminal region of a-catenin. Taken together, these data suggest that myosin VIIA, anchored by vezatin to the cadherin±catenins complex, cre…

Astrocytic Calcium Waves Signal Brain Injury to Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells

2017

Summary Brain injuries, such as stroke or trauma, induce neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) to a neurogenic response. Very little is known about the molecular cues that signal tissue damage, even over large distances, to the SVZ. Based on our analysis of gene expression patterns in the SVZ, 48 hr after an ischemic lesion caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion, we hypothesized that the presence of an injury might be transmitted by an astrocytic traveling calcium wave rather than by diffusible factors or hypoxia. Using a newly established in vitro system we show that calcium waves induced in an astrocytic monolayer spread to neural stem and progenitor cells and increase th…

Malignantly transformed non-parenchymal liver epithelial cells and transformed oval cells suppress the homotypical gap junctional intercellular commu…

1995

Isolated rat liver parenchymal cells (PC) were co-cultured with a non-parenchymal rat liver epithelial cell line (NEC) or with an oval cell line. The homotypical gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) between the liver PC was measured after microinjection of Lucifer Yellow by dye transfer. The rat liver PC were dye coupled between 87% and 100% for at least 1 week in both co-cultures, in contrast to PC In monoculture between which no dye coupling was left after 1 week. When liver PC were co-cultured with a transformed and tumorigenic NEC or with a transformed and tumorigenic oval cell line the homotypical GJIC between the liver PC was drastically decreased with culture time, and t…

Mechanistic basis for unexpected bioavailability enhancement of polyelectrolyte complexes incorporating BCS class III drugs and carrageenans

2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of λ-carrageenan to work as an absorption modifying excipient in combination with formulations of BCS class 3 substances. Trospium chloride was used as a model BCS class 3 substance. Polyelectrolyte complexes of trospium and λ-carrageenan were produced by layer-by-layer complexation. A λ-carrageenan-containing formulation was administered either in capsules size 9 to rats by gavage or directly into ligated intestinal loops of rats. Exceptionally strong variations were observed in the plasma concentrations of the rats that received λ-carrageenan compared to the control group, but enhanced plasma concentrations were observed only in…

CONNEXIN43 GAP JUNCTION LEVELS DURING DEVELOPMENT OF THE THORACIC AORTA ARE TEMPORALLY CORRELATED WITH ELASTIC LAMINAE DEPOSITION AND INCREASED BLOOD…

1997

A characteristic property of the vascular smooth muscle cell is its ability to modulate between a contractile phenotype, responsible for control of vascular tone, through to a synthetic phenotype, capable of migration and synthesis of extracellular matrix molecules. Smooth muscle cells are coupled by gap junctions, the membrane structures which permit direct intercelluar passage of ions and small molecules, and which play a role both in electrical coupling and intercellular communication during patterning and development. We have previously found that connexin43 type gap junction expression is upregulated in the synthetic phenotype smooth muscle cell in vitro and during atherosclerotic plaq…

Expression of connexin36 in the adult and developing rat brain.

2000

The distribution of connexin36 (Cx36) in the adult rat brain and retina has been analysed at the protein (immunofluorescence) and mRNA (in situ hybridization) level. Cx36 immunoreactivity, consisting primarily of round or elongated puncta, is highly enriched in specific brain regions (inferior olive and the olfactory bulb), in the retina, in the anterior pituitary and in the pineal gland, in agreement with the high levels of Cx36 mRNA in the same regions. A lower density of immunoreactive puncta can be observed in several brain regions, where only scattered subpopulations of cells express Cx36 mRNA. By combining in situ hybridization for Cx36 mRNA with immunohistochemistry for a general neu…