Search results for "Justice"
showing 10 items of 1379 documents
Finnish Quality Evaluation Discourse : Swimming Against the Global Tide?
2023
AbstractThis chapter discusses Finnish quality evaluation in comprehensive education, recognising that it frequently differs from that used by the Global Education Reform Movement (GERM) in most countries. Instead of high-stakes testing of pupil achievement, monitoring or school inspection, Finnish quality evaluation (QE) rests mainly on sample-based national testing and self-evaluations conducted in schools and municipalities. The argument presented here is that, although reform of the Finnish education system has often taken a different path from other countries, at the level of discourse, the Finnish system is increasingly caught between the more usual approach to QE and the Finnish vari…
Language Education for Everyone? Busting Access Myths
2023
AbstractFinland has, rather successfully, promoted an image of itself as a model of educational excellence and linguistic equity. This chapter problematises this image by analysing Finnish language education policies at the comprehensive school level. For our analysis we use a three-fold understanding of access as; (a) having the opportunity to participate in language education (getting in); (b) participating in education that is meaningful and effective for the pupil (getting it); and (c) receiving credentials that are societally legitimate and valuable assets (getting out). We elaborate on each aspect of access by debunking three myths for the Finnish context that: (a) Multilingualism is …
Ecological Sustainability and Steering of Finnish Comprehensive Schools
2023
AbstractWith the climate catastrophe and biodiversity loss, our globe is facing enormous challenges: the basis of life on Earth is in danger. Eco-anxiety and global eco-social crises are also driving education to search for solutions to build a sustainable future, for instance the United Nations Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development views education as a key instrument for change. One of the key promises of the Finnish Ministry of Education is to commit to sustainable development, and the Finnish National Forum for Skills Anticipation states that important future skills should include knowledge of sustainable development. In national reports on how to carry out Agenda 2030, Finland has hig…
Negotiated, Given and Self-Made Paths : Immigrant Origin Girls and Post-compulsory Educational Transition in Finland
2023
AbstractAlthough Finland still has a relatively low proportion of students with a migrant background, it has not been able to ensure that immigrants and their descendants have equal educational opportunities. Education could enhance integration but migrant backgrounds have a persistent impact. In this chapter, our focus is on post-comprehensive educational decision-making processes of immigrant origin adolescent girls, with the viewpoint of the multifaceted intertwinement of gender and ethnicity. We conceptualise the educational decisions as negotiations that adolescents have to have with their families, teachers, counsellors and peers. Within these negotiations, the negotiating parties try…
Municipal Governance of Comprehensive Education : The emergence of local universalisms
2023
The governance of Finland’s comprehensive school system has histori- cally evolved from centralised governance into a blend of national and local (munic- ipal) decision-making authority. The two-fold model of governance was launched in the 1970s according to the planning economy logic, where the national educa- tion policies were enacted and regulated through strict and detailed legislation, a redistributive and ‘earmarked’ state subsidy system and a uniform national core curriculum. At an ideological level, comprehensive reform was tied firmly to the principle of equal opportunities. However, changes in administrative thinking since the 1990s have created a new balance between governmental…
Ética del discurso: ¿un marco filosófico para la neuroética?
2013
Neuroethics requires a framework of philosophical ethics from which to interprete, integrate and criticiseneuroscientific progress in moral field. This article sets out to: 1) Show to what extent this framework is necessary; 2) Tackle the question of the method for constructing this framework; 3) Compile the main tópoi of the neurosciences that the framework has to interpret and integrate; 4) Propose the ethics of discourse as a philosophical framework for neuroethics; 5) Display certain shortcomings of this framework and put forward the dialogical ethics of cordial reason as being more appropriate.La Neuroética necesita un marco de ética filosófica desde el que interpretar, integrar y crit…
L’ammissibilità ratione personae dei ricorsi alla Corte europea di individui estremamente vulnerabili: uguaglianza sostanziale e tutela del diritto d…
2021
The legal framework governing proceedings before the ECtHR does not deal with cases in which victims of human rights violations are not de jure and/or de facto capable of lodging applications with the Court. In the effort of overcoming such a procedural lacuna, the Court has established a test that, taking into consideration the extreme vulnerability of the victims (such as minors and persons with disabilities) and the seriousness of the alleged violations, allows NGOs to apply as their ‘de facto representatives’, provided that some other conditions are fulfilled. The Court’s approach, however, has not been always consistent and does not guarantee predictability and legal certainty. Moreove…
Découvrir l'imposteur : expertises dans la prison de Valence au milieu du xve siècle
2020
Les médecins étaient souvent appelés à intervenir en tant qu’experts dans les cours de justice de la ville de Valence à la fin du Moyen Âge. Ils étaient sollicités pour des raisons diverses et on attendait d’eux qu’ils rendent des jugements ou des pronostics. Un des cadres dans lesquels ils apparaissaient est la prison. La torture faisait partie du développement des procédures judiciaires en tant qu’élément destiné à prouver les faits, pour empêcher que le juge ait le moindre doute. Les doutes suscités par de possibles simulations requéraient les compétences de ces experts, à qui revenait la décision d’infliger ou non la torture au prisonnier. Cet article analyse par le menu un cas particul…
La regola di giudizio nel patteggiamento tra cursus ordinario e revisione
2022
The article aims to deepen a fundamental and much debated profile in relation to the special rite of the Italian patteggiamento. In particular, the Author, in the light of an analysis of the undoubted particularities of the judicial mechanism of application of penalty upon request of the parties, intends to focus on the essence and the operation that the judgment rule assumes, respectively, in the ordinary cursus of criminal proceeding and in therevision, trying to offer an interpretative reconstruction that is able to reconcile the (substantial) needs of justice and the (formal) reasons for systematic coherence.
L’acquisizione della prova tramite tortura e l’operatività della sanzione processuale
2021
Nel 2017 il legislatore italiano ha espressamente introdotto nel codice di rito penale la previsione per cui le dichiarazioni o le informazioni ottenute tramite il reato di tortura non sono comunque utilizzabili, salvo che contro le persone accusate di tale delitto e al fine esclusivo di provarne la responsabilità penale (art. 191 comma 2-bis c.p.p.). A questo riguardo, lo scritto mira, anzitutto, ad approfondire il ruolo e le finalità svolti da tale norma nell’ambito del sistema processuale penale. In particolare, l’Autore, oltre a compiere un’attenta analisi della portata della sanzione processuale ricollegabile alle prove acquisite con la tortura, intende svolgere alcune riflessioni crit…