Search results for "Justice"

showing 10 items of 1379 documents

Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample

2022

The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of …

trolleySituational factorsSDG 16 - PeaceSocial PsychologyIndividualityBFExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyIntentionEasternHMpsychologyMoralsSocial Developmenttrolley dilemmaBehavioral NeuroscienceJudgmentddc:150replicabilitycultural universalityHumansPsychologyPendienteSHAMECONFLICTBehaviour Change and Well-beingphilosophySDG 16 - Peace Justice and Strong Institutionsmoral judgementSDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/peace_justice_and_strong_institutionsJustice and Strong InstitutionsMODELNORMSKnowledgePROCESS DISSOCIATION/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/reduced_inequalitiesmoral judgementsUTILITARIAN JUDGMENTSSettore M-PSI/05 - Psicologia SocialeMoral judgments ; Trolley dilemma ; cultural universality and variations ; replication studyRESPONSES
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I confini della restorative justice nella più recente normativa europea a tutela della vittima: ragionevole attuazione di una victim-centred justice …

2015

La c.d. restorative justice (RJ) si inserisce a pieno titolo e in modo significativo nel processo di “riscoperta della vittima” nel sistema penale. Eppure, nonostante l’indubbia vocazione vittimo-centrica della RJ, in alcuni recenti interventi normativi europei sembra delinearsi un atteggiamento di cautela, se non di sfiducia, verso l’applicazione “su larga scala” della RJ, specie qualora il reato riguardi soggetti vulnerabili. Si tratta di apportare ragionevoli correttivi ai modelli di RJ, affinché questi possano armoniosamente congiungersi al sistema di giustizia penale e realizzare un’equilibrata victim-centred justice? O forse le cautele introdotte comportano, alla stregua di Sisifo, un…

tutela della vittima nella recente normativa europearestorative justicevictim centred justiceSettore IUS/17 - Diritto Penale
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On the dynamics of disobedience: experimental investigations of defying unjust authority.

2017

Across six Experimental conditions with university student participants (N=600), we examined some of the dynamics underlying expressed defiance to unjust authority. Results revealed disobedience was best enacted by participants low in right-wing authoritarianism and was more likely to occur when: 1) in physical proximity of other rebels, 2) the authority made two demanding requests instead of one, and 3) there had been an earlier opposition to injustice. Results are discussed within the theoretical framework of bounded rationality.

unjust authoritydefiancemedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesAuthoritarianismOpposition (politics)050109 social psychologyBounded rationalityObedienceInjusticedisobediencePsychiatry and Mental healthPsychology Research and Behavior ManagementPolitical science0502 economics and business0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesobedience050207 economicsGeneral Psychologymedia_commonLaw and economicsOriginal ResearchPsychology research and behavior management
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Ethical Dilemmas in Urban Studies

2023

This chapter discusses research into urban studies, and specifically how we might best frame the ethical issues which arise in, and through, such research. One of its central contentions is that ethical sensitivity is developed by researchers as part of a social practice, i.e. through communal activity of a particular kind. Therefore, important as it is to ensure that researchers are aware of their personal ethical responsibilities, understanding what the moral point of view requires—i.e. being sensitive to ethical issues, especially in new circumstances—is something which researchers acquire through involvement in appropriately conducted social practices. The chapter’s suggestion is that t…

urban studiesocial justiceethicSettore ICAR/21 - UrbanisticaSettore M-GGR/01 - Geografia
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Poverty, Consent, and Choice in Early Marriage : Ethnographic Perspectives from Urban Tanzania

2018

The assumed inability of adolescents to voluntarily consent to marriage is a key definition of child marriage. Using ethnography, this study approaches consent, self-determination, and fulfillment ...

urban youthavioliittoethnography03 medical and health sciencesAfrikka0302 clinical medicine5. Gender equalitynuoretChild marriageEthnographyta616030212 general & internal medicineSociologymarriageeducation030505 public healthetnografiabiologyPoverty1. No povertyparentsGender studies16. Peace & justicebiology.organism_classificationhumanitiesTanzaniavanhemmatkoulutusAfrica0305 other medical scienceSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)Marriage and Family Review
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The meaningfulness of two curriculum-based national tests of English as a foreign language

2022

This paper addresses the aspect of the meaningfulness of a national assessment in English as a foreign language, applying the fairness framework proposed by Kunnan (2018). We compared students’ performance on two receptive language skills of listening and reading on two subsequent national evaluations in Finland, taken by students at the end of compulsory basic education and at the end of general upper secondary education, respectively. The research questions focus on (1) the relationship between students’ performance on the two tests and their gender, language of schooling and parents’ educational level, and (2) the relationship between the students’ receptive language proficiency at the e…

validationluetun ymmärtäminentoinen kielikieli ja kieletoppiminenfairnesskielitaitoreading comprehensionoppimistuloksettaustatekijätoikeudenmukaisuusjusticekoulutuspolitiikkalearning outcomesymmärtäminentasa-arvolistening comprehensionkuullun ymmärtäminen516 Educational scienceslarge-scale assessmentkielen oppiminenenglannin kieliarviointivieraat kielet
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La malasorte della vicinitas: ulteriore segno dei tentativi di rottura della gloriosa tradizione della giustizia amministrativa

2022

The paper focuses on vicinitas and locus standi in administrative justice

vicinitas locus standi administrative justiceSettore IUS/10 - Diritto Amministrativo
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Anàlisi de la violència filioparental en centres de menors : un estudi monogràfic

2019

espanolAntecedentes: El principal objetivo de este estudio era conocer las caracteristicas sociodemograficas, judiciales y psicologicas de los menores infractores que habian sido denunciados por violencia filio-parental, asi como elaborar posibles perfiles a partir de dichas caracteristicas. Metodo: Se analizaron expedientes judiciales correspondientes a 56 adolescentes del Centro de Educacion e Internamiento por Medida Judicial de Zaragoza –Espana–, que habian sido internados por violencia filio-parental en el periodo comprendido entre 2006 y 2016.Resultados: Los resultados indican una importante presencia de antecedentes por acogimiento en centros de proteccion de menores, hogares familia…

violència filioparental adolescència centres de menors violencia filio-parental adolescencia centros de menores violence towards parents adolescence juvenile justice center Artículo:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]General Earth and Planetary SciencesUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAGeneral Environmental ScienceAnuari de Psicologia de la Societat Valenciana de Psicologia
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Le forbici e l’ago. Geometrie del reato ed eccedenze tra vissuti di ingiustizia, limiti del sistema penale e volti della Restorative Justice

2016

Il contributo ricostruisce le direttrici culturali che hanno progressivamente condotto alla consapevolezza dell’orizzonte “altro” della Restorative Justice in area penale. Muovendo dalla messa a fuoco delle meccaniche del processo giudiziario nella sua veste di selettore, idoneo, attraverso i propri filtri, a dar luogo a giudizi di rilevanza circa i dati dell’esperienza del reato meritevoli di far ingresso nel metabolismo della cognizione e della decisione penale, il contributo indaga sulle “eccedenze”, che i perimetri degli apparati della giustizia “tradizionale” collocano oltre le proprie cinte di confine e che pur incidono su dimensioni vitali dell’esperienza dell’offesa penalmente rilev…

vittimaSettore IUS/16 - Diritto Processuale PenaleRestorative Justicemediazione
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The marketplace vulnerability of low-income unbanked consumers : a developing country perspective

2018

Financial exclusion is recognised as an important element of socio-economic inequality where economically vulnerable groups are excluded from basic financial services. The issue of financial exclusion is mainly concentrated in the world’s developing countries. However, research on the issue of financial exclusion in the field of marketing as well as from the perspective of unbanked consumers is lacking. Although financial exclusion impedes low-income consumers’ welfare, there is a shortage of wellbeing related studies on low-income consumers in the context of developing countries. This doctoral dissertation aims to investigate the ways in which low-income unbanked consumers experience vulne…

vulnerabilityjustice theoryfairnessHaastattelututkimuspankkitilittömyyscoping strategiesbankspankkitilitpienituloisetPakistanhaavoittuvuusrotating savings and credit associationspankitselviytyminendeveloping countrypankittomuusfinancial exclusionROSCAstaloudellinen asemaunbankedkehitysmaatulkopuolisuuseriarvoisuuskuluttajatpowerlessnesspankkipalvelut
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