Search results for "Kind"

showing 10 items of 173 documents

Genome-wide association scan of the time to onset of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

2008

Contains fulltext : 70149.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) A time-to-onset analysis for family-based samples was performed on the genomewide association (GWAS) data for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to determine if associations exist with the age at onset of ADHD. The initial dataset consisted of 958 parent-offspring trios that were genotyped on the Perlegen 600,000 SNP array. After data cleaning procedures, 429,981 autosomal SNPs and 930 parent-offspring trios were used found suitable for use and a family-based logrank analysis was performed using that age at first ADHD symptoms as the quantitative trait of interest. No SNP achieved genome-wide significance, and…

MaleCandidate geneGenetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]2804 Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMedizinGenome-wide association studyNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]Linkage Disequilibrium2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicinePerception and Action [DCN 1]Genetics(clinical)Age of OnsetChildGenetics (clinical)Genetics0303 health sciences10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPedigreePsychiatry and Mental healthChild PreschoolFemaleFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]SNP arrayGenetic Markers2716 Genetics (clinical)Sodium-Hydrogen ExchangersAdolescentQuantitative Trait Loci610 Medicine & healthSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyQuantitative trait locusMental health [NCEBP 9]Polymorphism Single NucleotideArticleGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]medicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderSNPHumansGenetic Predisposition to Diseaseddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters030304 developmental biologyProbabilityRetrospective StudiesGenome Humanmedicine.diseaseGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]HaplotypesAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAge of onset030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGenome-Wide Association Study
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Partial replication of a DRD4 association in ADHD individuals using a statistically derived quantitative trait for ADHD in a family-based association…

2007

Contains fulltext : 52515.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND: Previous research found an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of DRD4 and statistically derived phenotypes generated from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. We sought to replicate this finding by using the same methodology in an independent sample of ADHD individuals. METHODS: Four SNPs were genotyped in and around DRD4 in 2631 individuals in 642 families. We developed a quantitative phenotype at each SNP by weighting nine inattentive and nine hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. The weights were selected to maximize the heritability at each SNP. …

MaleLinkage disequilibriumGenetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]Databases FactualMedizinNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]Severity of Illness Index0302 clinical medicinePerception and Action [DCN 1]Determinants in Health and Disease [EBP 1]ChildPromoter Regions GeneticGenetics0303 health sciencesEuropePhenotypeChild PreschoolFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]medicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentSingle-nucleotide polymorphismQuantitative trait locusImpulsivityMental health [NCEBP 9]Polymorphism Single NucleotideGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesQuantitative Trait HeritableCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]Genetic modelmental disordersmedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderSNPHumansGenetic Predisposition to Diseaseddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersPsychiatryBiological Psychiatry030304 developmental biologyFamily HealthReceptors Dopamine D4Heritabilitymedicine.diseaseGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiological psychiatry
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Population differences in the International Multi-Centre ADHD Gene Project.

2008

Contains fulltext : 71443.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The International Multi-Centre ADHD Gene sample consists of 674 families from eight countries (Belgium, England, Germany, Holland, Ireland, Israel, Spain, and Switzerland) ascertained from clinics for combined-type attention definity hyperactivity disorder in an offspring. 863 SNPs were successfully genotyped across 47 autosomal genes implicated in psychiatric disorders yielding a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density of approximately one SNP per 2.5 kb. A global test of heterogeneity showed 269 SNPs nominally significant (expected 43). Inclusion of the Israeli population accounted for approximately 70% of these nom…

MaleLinkage disequilibriumInternationalityGenetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]EpidemiologyMedizinNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]Linkage Disequilibrium0302 clinical medicineGene FrequencyPerception and Action [DCN 1]International HapMap ProjectIsraelChildGenetics (clinical)0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyChromosome MappingSDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryGeographyChild Preschool/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/reduced_inequalitiesFemaleFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]Genetic Markers2716 Genetics (clinical)AdolescentPopulationSample (statistics)Single-nucleotide polymorphism610 Medicine & healthMental health [NCEBP 9]Polymorphism Single NucleotideWhite PeopleGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]SNPHumansddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendalterseducationGene030304 developmental biologyGenetic VariationGenetics PopulationGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]HaplotypesSample size determinationAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemography2713 Epidemiology
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Performance variability, impulsivity errors and the impact of incentives as gender-independent endophenotypes for ADHD

2010

Background:Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be modulated by motivational factors and/or state-regulation processes. The aim of this study was (1) to determine if these executive functions may constitute an endophenotype for ADHD; (2) to investigate for the first time whether known modulators of these executive functions may also be familial; and (3) to explore whether gender has an impact on thes…

MaleMedizinCHILDRENNeuropsychological TestsDevelopmental psychology0302 clinical medicineDevelopmental and Educational Psychologyfalse alarmsChild10. No inequalitystate regulationAD/HDATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER05 social sciencesEXECUTIVE FUNCTIONSNeuropsychologyCognitionExecutive functionsendophenotypePsychiatry and Mental healthPhenotypeFemalemedicine.symptomAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorderPsychologyRESPONSE-INHIBITION050104 developmental & child psychologyreaction-time variabilityAdolescentincentivesDEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERQUESTIONNAIREMOTOR CONTROLImpulsivityArticle03 medical and health sciencesSex Factorsmental disordersReaction TimemedicineCriterion validityHumansAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderADHD0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersSiblingMotivationmedicine.diseaseDisruptive Impulse Control and Conduct Disordersexecutive functionAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityEndophenotypePediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthSUSTAINED ATTENTIONCRITERION VALIDITYCognition Disorders030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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NMDA-GABA interactions in an animal model of behaviour: a gating mechanism from motivation toward psychotic-like symptoms

1994

We studied the effects of desipramine, alprazolam, muscimol and dizocilpine (MK-801) (alone or associated with desipramine) in the forced swimming test in rats after long-lasting termination of chronic exposure to vehicle and pentylenetetrazol. Sensitisation with pentylenetetrazol was ineffective in changing immobility time in the forced swimming test compared to vehicle treatment; pentylenetetrazol enhanced the anti-immobility effect of desipramine, abolished the anti-immobility effect of alprazolam and did not affect the anti-immobility effect of muscimol. MK-801 at the dose that did not modify immobility time in vehicle-treated rats and in pentylenetetrazol-treated animals strongly poten…

MaleN-MethylaspartatePoison controlGatingMotor ActivityPharmacologybehavioral disciplines and activitieschemistry.chemical_compoundDesipramineKindling NeurologicmedicineAnimalsPharmacology (medical)Rats WistarPentylenetetrazolSwimminggamma-Aminobutyric AcidBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyMotivationAlprazolamBehavior AnimalMuscimolDesipramineRatsnervous system diseasesDizocilpineDisease Models AnimalPsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersNeurologyAlprazolamMuscimolchemistryAnesthesiaPentylenetetrazoleNeurology (clinical)Dizocilpine MaleatePsychologymedicine.drugBehavioural despair testEuropean Neuropsychopharmacology
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Memantine presents different effects from MK-801 in motivational and physical signs of morphine withdrawal

2003

Adaptive changes in neural systems due to chronic opiate exposure are related to the neural plasticity phenomenon, NMDA receptors being implicated in these processes, e.g. tolerance, dependence or withdrawal. In this work, we investigated the effect of two non-competitive NMDA antagonists, memantine and MK-801, in motivational (Conditioned Place Aversion paradigm, CPA) and physical aspects of morphine withdrawal. After the induction of morphine dependence, animals in which the CPA was studied, received memantine (5 and 10 mg/kg) or MK-801 (0.3-0.006 mg/kg) either during the acquisition (conditioning) or expression (test) phase of this procedure. Both drugs were capable of inhibiting conditi…

MaleNarcoticsTime FactorsNarcotic AntagonistsMotor ActivityPharmacologyMiceBehavioral NeuroscienceMemantineConditioning PsychologicalNeuroplasticitymedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsBehavior AnimalDose-Response Relationship DrugMorphineNaloxoneKindlingMemantineSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeBlockadeMorphineNMDA receptorConditioningDizocilpine MaleateOpiatePsychologyExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsMorphine Dependencemedicine.drugBehavioural Brain Research
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Cotransmission of conduct problems with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: familial evidence for a distinct disorder

2008

Contains fulltext : 69215.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Common disorders of childhood and adolescence are attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD). For one to two cases in three diagnosed with ADHD the disorders may be comorbid. However, whether comorbid conduct problems (CP) represents a separate disorder or a severe form of ADHD remains controversial. We investigated familial recurrence patterns of the pure or comorbid condition in families with at least two children and one definite case of DSM-IV ADHDct (combined-type) as part of the International Multicentre ADHD Genetics Study (IMAGE). Using case diagno…

MaleNeurologyPsychometricsGenetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]MedizinComorbidityNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]Severity of Illness Index2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicinePerception and Action [DCN 1]ChildAge Factors10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPsychiatry and Mental health2728 Neurology (clinical)NeurologyConduct disorderFemalePsychology2803 Biological PsychiatryFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]Clinical psychologyConduct Disordermedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPsychometrics610 Medicine & healthMental health [NCEBP 9]behavioral disciplines and activitiesGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]Severity of illnessmental disordersmedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersPsychiatryBiological PsychiatryFamily HealthReproducibility of Resultsmedicine.diseaseComorbidity030227 psychiatryHyperkinetic disorderGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityRelative risk2808 NeurologyMultivariate AnalysisNeurology (clinical)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of Neural Transmission
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Study protocol for a multi-component kindergarten-based intervention to promote healthy diets in toddlers: a cluster randomized trial

2016

Background: There is concern about the lack of diversity in children’s diets, particularly low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of unhealthy processed food. This may be a factor in the rising prevalence of obesity. A reason for the lack of diversity in children’s diets may be food neophobia. This study aimed to promote a healthy and varied diet among toddlers in kindergarten. The primary objectives were to reduce food neophobia in toddlers, and promote healthy feeding practices among kindergarten staff and parents. Secondary objectives were to increase food variety in toddlers’ diets and reduce future overweight and obesity in these children. Methods: This is an ongoing, clu…

MaleParents0301 basic medicineGerontologyResearch designmedicine.medical_specialtyeducationParental feeding practicesHealth PromotionOverweightDiet varietyKindergartenStudy Protocol03 medical and health sciencesFood neophobiaSurveys and QuestionnairesVegetablesmedicineHumansCluster randomised controlled trialChildToddlersSchools030109 nutrition & dieteticsNorwaybusiness.industryPublic healthlcsh:Public aspects of medicineBody WeightNeophobiadigestive oral and skin physiologyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthlcsh:RA1-1270Feeding BehaviorOverweightmedicine.diseaseObesityDietResearch DesignChild PreschoolFruitFood processingFemalemedicine.symptomBiostatisticsbusinesshuman activitiesBMC Public Health
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Does parental expressed emotion moderate genetic effects in ADHD? An exploration using a genome wide association scan.

2008

Contains fulltext : 70497.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Studies of gene x environment (G x E) interaction in ADHD have previously focused on known risk genes for ADHD and environmentally mediated biological risk. Here we use G x E analysis in the context of a genome-wide association scan to identify novel genes whose effects on ADHD symptoms and comorbid conduct disorder are moderated by high maternal expressed emotion (EE). SNPs (600,000) were genotyped in 958 ADHD proband-parent trios. After applying data cleaning procedures we examined 429,981 autosomal SNPs in 909 family trios. ADHD symptom severity and comorbid conduct disorder was measured using the Parental Account of Ch…

MaleParentsCandidate geneGenetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]Medizin2804 Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceHostilityNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicineGene FrequencyPerception and Action [DCN 1]Gene–environment interactionParent-Child RelationsChildGenetics (clinical)NeuregulinsbiologySLC1A1Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthExpressed EmotionExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3Conduct disorderChild PreschoolFemalemedicine.symptomFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]Clinical psychologyGenetic Markers2716 Genetics (clinical)AdolescentQuantitative Trait Loci610 Medicine & healthSingle-nucleotide polymorphismContext (language use)Mental health [NCEBP 9]Polymorphism Single NucleotideGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]Interviews as Topic03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]mental disordersmedicineExpressed emotionHumansddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersAllelesProbabilityModels Geneticbusiness.industryGenome Humanmedicine.disease030227 psychiatryGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivitybiology.proteinbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGenome-Wide Association Study
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Effects of desipramine and alprazolam in the forced swim test in rats after long-lasting termination of chronic exposure to picrotoxin and pentylenet…

1993

Abstract Rats were treated for 5 weeks with three subconvulsant doses of picrotoxin (PTX) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) per week to induce a persistent reduction of the GABA A receptor function which results in chemical kindling. Fifteen days after termination of this treatment schedule, the effect of desipramine (DMI) and alpraxolam (ALP) on immobility time in the forced swim test (FST) was evaluated. Chronic PTX and PTZ did not alter the immobility time. Acute PTX and PTZ reduced the immobility of rats chronically treated with vehicle but not of those exposed chronically to PTX and PTZ. Chronic PTX did not influence the anti-immobility effect of DMI, but blocked that of ALP. Chronic PTZ mar…

MalePharmacologyMotor ActivityChlordiazepoxidechemistry.chemical_compoundDesipraminemedicineAnimalsPicrotoxinPharmacology (medical)GABA-A Receptor AntagonistsPentylenetetrazolBiological PsychiatrySwimmingPharmacologyAlprazolamGABAA receptorKindlingbusiness.industryDesipramineChlordiazepoxideRatsSubstance Withdrawal SyndromePsychiatry and Mental healthNeurologyAlprazolamchemistryPentylenetetrazoleNeurology (clinical)businesshuman activitiesPsychomotor Performancemedicine.drugBehavioural despair testPicrotoxinEuropean neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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