Search results for "Kinetic"

showing 10 items of 3064 documents

A Contribution Concerning the Unsettled Problem of Intrasplenic Microcirculation

1973

From morphological studies it is well known that the vascular bed of the spleen consists of at least two different compartments. Figure one schematically shows how the splenic microcirculation can be subdivided. One compartment corresponds to the white pulp (pathways number 1 and 2), the other compartment to the red pulp, for which the existance of either an open or a closed type of terminal vascular bed is discussed. Futhermore there are references that the microcirculation in the red pulp is not homogeneous but composed of both types, as illustrated by the pathways marked by number 3 and 4.

White pulpstomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structurestomatognathic systemHomogeneousChemistrymedicineOxygen transportRed pulpSpleenAnatomyCompartment (pharmacokinetics)Microcirculation
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Differences in the glucose and fructose consumption profiles in diverse Saccharomyces wine species and their hybrids during grape juice fermentation

2009

7 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables.

WineHybridsSugars in wineFructoseMicrobiologySaccharomycesSaccharomyceschemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificitySugar consumptionFood scienceWinemakingWine yeastsWinebiologyTemperatureGenetic Variationfood and beveragesFructoseGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationYeastKineticsYeast in winemakingGlucosechemistryBiochemistryFermentationFood MicrobiologyFermentationFood ScienceInternational Journal of Food Microbiology
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Collective behaviours: from biochemical kinetics to electronic circuits

2013

In this work we aim to highlight a close analogy between cooperative behaviors in chemical kinetics and cybernetics; this is realized by using a common language for their description, that is mean-field statistical mechanics. First, we perform a one-to-one mapping between paradigmatic behaviors in chemical kinetics (i.e., non-cooperative, cooperative, ultra-sensitive, anti-cooperative) and in mean-field statistical mechanics (i.e., paramagnetic, high and low temperature ferromagnetic, anti-ferromagnetic). Interestingly, the statistical mechanics approach allows a unified, broad theory for all scenarios and, in particular, Michaelis-Menten, Hill and Adair equations are consistently recovered…

Work (thermodynamics)Biological dataMultidisciplinaryStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)business.industryComputer scienceKineticsFOS: Physical sciencesAnalogyStatistical mechanicsModels TheoreticalArticleChemical kineticsHumans; Algorithms; Models Theoretical; MultidisciplinaryHumansCyberneticsArtificial intelligenceStatistical physicsElectronicsbusinessAlgorithmsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsElectronic circuitScientific Reports
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Novel synthesis of up-conversion phosphor based on rare-earth doped NaLaF4

2011

In this work Er3+ doped NaLaF4 material has been synthesized Along with the description of the synthesis route, luminescence spectra and decay kinetics of both traditional and up-conversion luminescence of Er3+ will be presented for different Er3+ doping levels. It will be shown that the main mechanisms involved in the creation of the up-conversion luminescence in NaLaF4:Er3+ under excitation at about 975 nm are excited state absorption and energy transfer. Relative impact of either of the mechanisms in NaLaF4:Er3+ depends on both the concentration of Er3+ and on the excitation wavelength: the increase of either the concentration or the excitation wavelength leads to the prevalence of energ…

Work (thermodynamics)ChemistryDopingKineticsRare earthPhosphorUp conversionAtomic physicsPhotochemistryLuminescenceExcitationIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Singular points of electrochemical impedance function

2004

A model of EIS response for a system with two consecutive monoelectron transfers is developed in this work. Relevant information on the mechanism of these electrochemical systems is provided by the parametrical identification of the theoretical faradaic impedance function. The kinetic parameters of this model are easily calculated through the calculus of the characteristic points of this function. This calculus allows to interpret the metals anodic dissolution according to the reaction mechanism and, therefore, allows us to establish easily the kinetic and thermodynamic behaviour of these systems with respect to any experimental parameter.

Work (thermodynamics)ChemistryFaradaic impedanceMathematical analysisAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryFunction (mathematics)Singular point of a curveCondensed Matter PhysicsKinetic energyElectrochemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsNyquist plotElectrical impedanceApplied Surface Science
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Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Adsorption of Gaseous Single Cl/Br-VOCs of the Ethane Series onto Siliceous ZSM-5 at 25 °C. Prediction of the Adsorpti…

2001

This work deals with a thermodynamic and kinetic experimental study of adsorption of gaseous single Cl/Br-VOCs (1,2-dichloroethane, 1-bromo-2-chloroethane, and 1,2-dibromoethane) onto siliceous ZSM-5 at 25 °C. The adsorbed amounts, adsorption heats, and diffusivities were simultaneously obtained. The isotherms were of the type I and verified Henry's law in a very large domain of filling. The adsorption heats and the diffusivities of the brominated molecules displayed specific behaviors probably owing to a transport resistance. The comparison of the relative position of isotherms and the adsorption heats allowed us to predict that the competitive adsorption of their mixture would be similar …

Work (thermodynamics)ChemistryKineticsThermodynamicsSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsKinetic energylaw.inventionGas phaseAdsorptionlawElectrochemistryMoleculePhysical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceZSM-5DistillationSpectroscopyLangmuir
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A regenerative braking system for internal combustion engine vehicles using supercapacitors as energy storage elements - Part 2: Simulation results

2020

Abstract In this two-part work, an electric kinetic energy recovery system (e-KERS) for internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) is presented and its performance evaluated through numerical simulations. The KERS proposed is based on the use of a supercapacitor as energy storage, interfaced to a brushless machine through a properly designed power converter. In Part 1, the system is described and analysed, and the mathematical model used for the simulations is presented. For each component of the KERS, the real efficiency and the power or energy limitations are adequately considered. In Part 2, the energetic and economic advantages attainable by the proposed KERS are evaluated using MATLAB S…

Work (thermodynamics)Computer scienceRegenerative brakingEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyKinetic energy recovery system010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAutomotive engineeringEnergy storageUrban driving cycleElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHybrid vehicleSupercapacitorSupercapacitorRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentUltracapacitor021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHybrid vehicle0104 chemical sciencesPower (physics)Vehicle fuel economySettore ING-IND/08 - Macchine A FluidoRegenerative brakeInternal combustion engineKinetic energy recovery system0210 nano-technology
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A regenerative braking system for internal combustion engine vehicles using supercapacitors as energy storage elements - Part 1: System analysis and …

2020

Abstract In this two-part work, an electric kinetic energy recovery system (e-KERS) for internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) is presented, and its performance evaluated through numerical simulations. The KERS proposed is based on the use of a supercapacitor as energy storage, interfaced to a brushless machine through a properly designed power converter. In part 1, the system is described and analysed, and the mathematical model used for the simulations is presented. For each component of the KERS, the real efficiency, and the power or energy limitations are adequately considered. In part 2, the energetic and economic advantages attainable by the proposed KERS are evaluated using MATLAB…

Work (thermodynamics)Computer scienceRegenerative brakingEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyKinetic energy recovery system010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAutomotive engineeringEnergy storageUrban driving cycleElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHybrid vehicleSupercapacitorSupercapacitorRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentUltracapacitorHybrid vehicle021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyVehicle fuel economy0104 chemical sciencesPower (physics)Settore ING-IND/08 - Macchine A FluidoRegenerative brakeInternal combustion engineKinetic energy recovery system0210 nano-technologyJournal of Power Sources
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Peak dispersion in gradient elution: An insight based on the plate model.

2020

Gradient elution in liquid chromatography reduces the analysis time, improves the efficiency and increases the peak capacity. The study of this chromatographic mode has been based mainly on kinetic dispersion models. The plate model has been applied to a lesser extent, despite being the basis for the concepts of plate height and chromatographic efficiency. In this work, a general equation describing peak dispersion in HPLC gradient elution is derived from the plate model. This equation is studied and validated for three types of gradients: (i) a reference gradient without ramp in which the retention factor varies with time identically throughout the column, (ii) a gradient of stationary pha…

Work (thermodynamics)Differential equation010402 general chemistryKinetic energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryPressureChromatography High Pressure LiquidChromatographyChemistryElution010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineMechanicsCompression (physics)0104 chemical sciencesKineticsModels ChemicalLinear ModelsSolventsIndicators and ReagentsDispersion (chemistry)Constant (mathematics)Journal of chromatography. A
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Performance improvement of a Savonius water rotor with novel blade shapes

2021

Abstract Savonius water rotor is a prominent drag based turbine able to extract energy available in flowing water with low velocity like river streams, tidal currents or other man made water canals. However, in view of its low performance, an enhanced design of the rotor blades is necessary to better its efficiency. Therefore, the present study aims to improve the efficiency of Savonius rotor by changing the blade design. Different blade shapes were investigated numerically using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Using conventional design, the peak power coefficient was found to be 0.166 at tip-speed ratio of 0.78. However, the peak power coefficient reaches 0.184 using the optimal blade …

Work (thermodynamics)Environmental EngineeringMaterials scienceBlade (geometry)Rotor (electric)business.industryOcean EngineeringComputational fluid dynamicsTurbinelaw.inventionSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaSavonius rotor Blade shape Hydrokinetic rotor Efficiency CFD Flow characteristicsDraglawPerformance improvementbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Marine engineering
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