Search results for "Kiss"

Retene causes multifunctional transcriptomic changes in the heart of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) embryos

2015

Fish are particularly sensitive to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated developmental toxicity. The molecular mechanisms behind these adverse effects have remained largely unresolved in salmonids, and for AhR-agonistic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study explored the cardiac transcriptome of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eleuteroembryos exposed to retene, an AhR-agonistic PAH. The embryos were exposed to retene (nominal concentration 32 μg/L) and control, their hearts were collected before, at and after the onset of the visible signs of developmental toxicity, and transcriptomic changes were studied by microarray analysis. Retene up- or down-regulated 122 genes. Th…

Interactions between Rainbow Trout Eyed Eggs and Flavobacterium spp. Using a Bath Challenge Model:Preliminary Evaluation of Bacteriophages as Pathoge…

2021

The microbial community surrounding fish eyed eggs can harbor pathogenic bacteria. In this study we focused on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eyed eggs and the potential of bacteriophages against the pathogenic bacteria Flavobacterium psychrophilum and F. columnare. An infection bath method was first established, and the effects of singular phages on fish eggs was assessed (survival of eyed eggs, interaction of phages with eyed eggs). Subsequently, bacteria-challenged eyed eggs were exposed to phages to evaluate their effects in controlling the bacterial population. Culture-based methods were used to enumerate the number of bacteria and/or phages associated with eyed eggs and in the su…

High Nutrient Concentration Can Induce Virulence Factor Expression and Cause Higher Virulence in an Environmentally Transmitted Pathogen

2016

Environmentally transmitted opportunistic pathogens shuttle between two substantially different environments: outside-host and within-host habitats. These environments differ from each other especially with respect to nutrient availability. Consequently, the pathogens are required to regulate their behavior in response to environmental cues in order to survive, but how nutrients control the virulence in opportunistic pathogens is still poorly understood. In this study, we examined how nutrient level in the outside-host environment affects the gene expression of putative virulence factors of the opportunistic fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare. The impact of environmental nutrient concen…

Minor environmental concentrations of antibiotics can modify bacterial virulence in co-infection with a non-targeted parasite.

2018

Leakage of medical residues into the environment can significantly impact natural communities. For example, antibiotic contamination from agriculture and aquaculture can directly influence targeted pathogens, but also other non-targeted taxa of commensals and parasites that regularly co-occur and co-infect the same host. Consequently, antibiotics could significantly alter interspecific interactions and epidemiology of the co-infecting parasite community. We studied how minor environmental concentrations of antibiotic affects the co-infection of two parasites, the bacterium Flavobacterium columnare and the fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum , in their fish host. We found that antibiotic in …

Characterisation of serotonin transport mechanisms in rainbow trout peripheral blood lymphocytes: role in PHA-induced lymphoproliferation

1999

Abstract AbstractIn this study we investigated the serotonin transport mechanisms in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) peripheral blood lymphocytes We have observed that the transport of serotonin is a membrane transport process that have the properties of a secondary active transport system The binding isotherm of [3H]-paroxetine a serotonin transport blocker demonstrated a high-affinity binding site with a positive type of cooperativity Hill coefficient being higher than unity Known specific inhibitors of the mammalian serotonin transporter significantly inhibited the uptake process in fish lymphocytes In order to demonstrate the physiological relevance of the serotonin transporter in T…

Usted no, señor Kissinger

2001

Anaphylatoxin-like molecules generated during complement activation induce a dramatic enhancement of particle uptake in rainbow trout phagocytes.

2004

Here we have identified a serum fraction containing approximately 8-kDa molecules with an unexpected capacity to greatly enhance particle uptake in trout head kidney leukocytes (HKLs). This approximately 8-kDa particle-uptake enhancing fraction (PUEF-8) was purified from complement-activated serum by gel filtration chromatography. Mass spectrometric analysis and reactivity of anti-trout C3-1 and C4 antibodies, indicated the presence of C3a, C4a and C5a molecules in PUEF-8. Using a newly developed flow cytometric assay that measures the capacity of cells to ingest fluorescent beads, we showed that PUEF-8 induced a striking enhancement (344+/-50% higher than the PBS control value) in the numb…

Accelerated Solvent Extraction and Pulsed Electric Fields for Valorization of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Sole (Dover sole) By-Products: …

2021

Fishery by-products are rich in biologically active substances and the use of green and efficient extraction methods to recover these high-added-value compounds is of particular importance. In this study, head, skin and viscera of rainbow trout and sole were used as the target matrices and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) (45–55 °C, 15 min, pH 5.2–6.8, 103.4 bars) and pulsed electric fields (PEF) (1–3 kV/cm, 123–300 kJ/kg, 15–24 h) were applied as extraction technologies. The results showed that ASE and PEF significantly increased the protein extract efficiency of the fish by-products (p < 0.05) by up to 80%. SDS-PAGE results showed that ASE and PEF treatments changed the molecular size…

Deregulation of miR-324/KISS1/kisspeptin in early ectopic pregnancy: mechanistic findings with clinical and diagnostic implications

2019

[Abstract] BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening condition for which novel screening tools that would enable early accurate diagnosis would improve clinical outcomes. Kisspeptins, encoded by KISS1, play an essential role in human reproduction, at least partially by regulating placental function and possibly embryo implantation. Kisspeptin levels are elevated massively in normal pregnancy and reportedly altered in various gestational pathologic diseases. Yet, the pathophysiologic role of KISS1/kisspeptin in ectopic pregnancy has not been investigated previously. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes of KISS1/kisspeptin levels in ectopic pregnancy and thei…

A link between ectoparasite infection and susceptibility to bacterial disease in rainbow trout

2006

Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were infected concomitantly with Argulus coregoni and Flavobacterium columnare and their survival was compared with that of fish infected with either the parasite or the bacterium alone. The mortality of fish challenged with A. coregoni was negligible while infection with F. columnare alone led to significantly lower survival. However, compared with single infections, the mortality was significantly higher and the onset of disease condition was earlier among fish, which were concomitantly infected by A. coregoni and F. columnare. This data presents, for the first time, experimental support for the hypothesis that an ectoparasite infection increases suscep…