Search results for "LAB"

Anisakis sensitization in different population groups and public health impact. A systematic review

2018

Anisakis simplex spp. sensitization rates have increased worldwide, with a significant impact on health-care systems. To date, no clear-cut diagnostic criteria and laboratory algorithm have been established, so anisakiasis still represents an under-reported health problem whose clinical manifestations, when present, mimic the much more common allergic and digestive disorders. Aim of the study was to systematically review the available literature on the prevalence of sensitization against Anisakis in the general population and in specific population groups, taking into account the impact of the different available diagnostic techniques on the epidemiological data. Following the Preferred Rep…

Septin/anillin filaments scaffold central nervous system myelin to accelerate nerve conduction

2016

Myelination of axons facilitates rapid impulse propagation in the nervous system. The axon/myelin-unit becomes impaired in myelin-related disorders and upon normal aging. However, the molecular cause of many pathological features, including the frequently observed myelin outfoldings, remained unknown. Using label-free quantitative proteomics, we find that the presence of myelin outfoldings correlates with a loss of cytoskeletal septins in myelin. Regulated by phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2)-levels, myelin septins (SEPT2/SEPT4/SEPT7/SEPT8) and the PI(4,5)P2-adaptor anillin form previously unrecognized filaments that extend longitudinally along myelinated axons. By confoca…

In vivo effect of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) on the measurement of nitrate in plasma

2016

Bioavailability of nitric oxide in the body may be estimated by measuring the concentration of nitrate in plasma. However, it has not been reported whether sequestering of aminothiols in plasma affects the concentration of nitrate in the samples.N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) sequesters aminothiols in plasma therefore we tested the in vivo effect of NEM on the concentration nitrate in plasma.Blood samples were collected from 56 healthy subjects in EDTA vials, EDTA vials containing PBS (pH7.4) and EDTA vials containing NEM dissolved in PBS. Nonparametric statistical tests were used to study the effect of NEM on the concentration of nitrate in plasma measured by the Griess reagent assay and by an HPL…

A randomized, open-label, two-arm phase II trial comparing the efficacy of sequential ipilimumab (ipi) versus best supportive care (BSC) following fi…

2016

4011Background: Pts with advanced gastric cancer have a poor prognosis with median overall survival (OS) of ~1 yr. Ipi is a monoclonal antibody that enhances T-cell activation and T-effector cell t...

Phase I multicenter, open-label study to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) and oxaliplatin combination i…

2018

816 Background: Preclinical evidence suggests improved efficacy when combining trifluridine/tipiracil with oxaliplatin compared to each monotherapy (Nukatsuka, 2015). The primary objective was to determine the MTD and the safety profile of the doublet among mCRC pts who have progressed after at least one prior line of treatment. Methods: Using a 3+3 design, eligible pts received escalating trifluridine/tipiracil doses from 25, 30 to 35 mg/m² bid, days 1–5 q14, together with a fixed dose of oxaliplatin 85 mg/m² (day 1). An intermediate cohort with a lower dose of oxaliplatin (65 mg/m²) plus 35 mg/m² of trifluridine/tipiracil was also tested. Results: Fifteen of 17 enrolled pts were evaluabl…

Neoadjuvant eribulin mesylate following anthracycline and taxane in triple negative breast cancer: Results from the HOPE study

2019

BackgroundEribulin mesylate (E) is indicated for metastatic breast cancer patients previously treated with anthracycline and taxane. We argued that E could also benefit patients eligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsPatients with primary triple negative breast cancer ≥2 cm received doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 and paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 x 4 cycles (AT) followed by E 1.4 mg/m2 x 4 cycles. Primary endpoint was pathological complete response (pCR) rate; secondary and explorative endpoints included clinical/metabolic response rates and safety, and biomarker analysis, respectively. Using a two-stage Simon design, 43 patients were to be included provided that 4 of 13 patients had achieved pCR in the…

The Role of Laboratory Tests in Crohn's Disease.

2016

In the past, laboratory tests were considered of limited value in Crohn's disease (CD). In the era of biologics, laboratory tests have become essential to evaluate the inflammatory burden of the disease (C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin) since symptoms-based scores are subjective, to predict the response to pharmacological options and the risk of relapse, to discriminate CD from ulcerative colitis, to select candidates to anti-tumor necrosis factors [screening tests looking for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus status and latent tuberculosis], to assess the risk of adverse events (testing for thiopurine metabolites and thiopurine-methyltransferase activity), and to personalize a…

A phase I study of nintedanib combined with cisplatin/gemcitabine as first-line therapy for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (LUME-Lung 3)

2018

Abstract Background There are limited treatment options for squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) and prognosis remains poor. The safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, plus cisplatin/gemcitabine as first-line treatment for advanced sqNSCLC patients, were evaluated. Materials and methods A phase I, dose-escalation study administering drugs in a 21-day cycle: cisplatin (75 mg/m2, Day 1), gemcitabine (1250 mg/m2, Days 1 and 8) and nintedanib (Days 2–7, 9–21) were given for 4–6 cycles, followed by monotherapy until disease progression or adverse events (AEs). Two nintedanib doses were tested, 150 mg twice daily (bid) and 200 mg bid, to determine…

Pimasertib (PIM) versus dacarbazine (DTIC) in patients (pts) with cutaneous NRAS melanoma: a controlled, open-label phase II trial with crossover

2016

BRCA1/2 molecular assay for ovarian cancer patients: A survey through Italian departments of oncology and molecular and genomic diagnostic laboratori…

2019

In Italy, 5200 new ovarian cancers were diagnosed in 2018, highlighting an increasing need to test women for BRCA1/2. The number of labs offering this test is continuously increasing. The aim of this study was to show the results coming from the intersociety survey coordinated by four different Clinical and Laboratory Italian Scientific Societies (AIOM, SIAPEC-IAP, SIBIOC, and SIGU). A multidisciplinary team belonging to the four scientific societies drew up two different questionnaires: One was targeted toward all Italian Departments of Medical Oncology, and the second toward laboratories of clinical molecular biology. This survey was implemented from September 2017 to March 2018. Seventy-…