Search results for "LABOR"
showing 10 items of 3876 documents
What Explains Prevalence of Informal Employment in European Countries: The Role of Labor Institutions, Governance, Immigrants, and Growth
2011
This paper looks into institutional and other macro determinants of prevalence of informal dependent employment, as well as informal self-employment, in European countries, using European Social Survey data on work without legal contract in on 30 countries, covering years 2004-2009. Consistently with theoretical predictions, quality of business environment has a significant negative impact on prevalence of both types of informal employment. The share of non-contracted employees is negatively affected by perceived quality of public services and positively related to economic growth. Informal self-employment is positively related to growth in Europe at large, as well as in Eastern and Souther…
Income distribution in Spain: 2004-2013
2017
Este documento presenta una revisión sobre la evolución de la distribución de la renta en España en el período 2004-2013. El objetivo es examinar el papel que ha jugado el mercado de trabajo en el incremento de las desigualdades, así como el efecto que han tenido las diversas actuaciones públicas a través de transferencias monetarias, impuestos directos y el suministro de servicios públicos en especie. En la metodología se usan índices clásicos de desigualdad aplicados a la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida. Se concluye que durante este período el incremento en las desigualdades puede atribuirse con nitidez al deterioro del mercado de trabajo tras la crisis de 2007. This paper analyses the ev…
The Right Not to Have Rights: Posted Worker Acquiescence and the European Union Labor Rights Framework
2016
AbstractThe emergence of the European Union citizenship agenda has mainly taken place along the evolution of mobility rights, with the goal of creating a pan-European labor market. Mobility undermines the nationally embedded notion of industrial citizenship. Industrial citizenship protects workers’ rights and secures their participation in national political systems. The Europeanization of labor markets severs the relationship between state, territory and citizen on which industrial citizenship has been built, undermining worker collectivism and access to representation. This is legitimated in terms of building market-citizenship, i.e., enabling mobile workers as market actors. However, the…
Post-Enlargement Return Migrants' Earnings Premium: Evidence from Latvia
2008
The paper exploits a recent survey of over ten thousand economically active residents of Latvia; about 5% of respondents have worked abroad over the last three years, while 12% have family members with such experience. Post-enlargement labor migration from Latvia has been predominantly low-skilled, yet return migrants when compared to stayers are, on average, more educated and less likely to work as unskilled manuals. We combine instrumental variable and propensity score matching methods to study the effect of foreign experience on earnings. Results suggest that return migrants are neither positively nor negatively selected in terms of earnings. However, after controlling for worker demogra…
Regional labor markets in Finland: Adjustment to total versus region-specific shocks
2005
This article analyses regional labor market adjustment in the Finnish provinces during 1976-2000. We investigate the inter-relations of employment, unemployment, labor force participation, and migration to see how a change in region-specific and total labor demand is adjusted. The analysis reveals that region-specific labor demand shocks adjust mainly via participation, whereas total shocks are adjusted by unemployment. The region-specific component of labor demand shock has shorter-lived effects on unemployment and participation, but its effect on employment is permanent. Conversely, total shocks leave no permanent effect. Migration is more important in the region-specific case where, afte…
Family Stability and Labor Market Gender Convergence
2009
The present paper examines the historical development in the structure of the family in terms of marriage, divorce, fertility and labor 1886-2007 in order to map quantitative changes. The paper draws new information from novel Norwegian data. Along with the changing family relations we also quantify the closing of the gender gap by converging trends for both labor participation rates and wages. The paper concludes that there is a clear correspondence between gender convergence in the labor market and less stable family relations.
When is there more employment, with individual or collective wage bargaining?
2019
Abstract In a standard Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides labour market with frictions, the authors seek to determine when there is more employment with individual wage bargaining than with collective wage bargaining, using a wage equation generated by the standard total surplus sharing rule. Using a Cobb-Douglas production function, they find that if the bargaining power of the individual is high compared to the bargaining power of the union, there is more unemployment with individual wage setting and vice versa. When the individual worker and the union have the same bargaining power, if the cost of opening a vacancy is sufficiently high, there is more unemployment with individual wage setting. …
A method for soil moisture probes calibration and validation of satellite estimates
2017
Graphical abstract
Le «Facezie» di Poggio nel teatro spagnolo del “Siglo de oro”
2022
Un capitolo della fortuna europea del «Liber facetiarum» di Poggio Bracciolini riguarda le rielaborazioni e le riscritture di alcune di esse nelle commedie spagnole del secolo XVII (il cosiddetto “Siglo de oro”). In questo studio, dopo una preliminare ricognizione bibliografica sull’attuale status della ricerca sul «Liber facetiarum», vengono analizzati i modi di riscrittura di tre racconti del Bracciolini (fac. 157, 172, 203) in tre scene di commedie spagnole del XVII secolo, «La dama boba» ed «El perro del hortelano» di Lope de Vega e «Don Gil de las calzas verdes» di Tirso de Molina. A chapter of the European fortune of Poggio Bracciolini’s «Liber facetiarum» concerns the re-elaborations…
Milzu apaļpūpēdis 103 cm apkārtmērā
2019
On September 2nd, 1922, the 103 cm in circumference giant puffball fungus was found in the park of the Rīgas Sarkankalna vājprātīgo iestāde. Nowadays it is in the Botany and Mycology collections of the Museum of the University of Latvia. The article provides information on finding and sending the fungus to the University of Latvia, as well as a description of the species of the giant puffball (Calvatia gigantea).