Search results for "LABOUR"
showing 10 items of 655 documents
What Makes for Fair Schooling?
2007
Slogans calling for “une ecole juste” (fair schooling) are often as vague as they are effective in mobilising public opinion: though there is apparent agreement on the desirability of greater fairness in education, the matter of defining fair schooling parameters is extremely complex and riddled with ambiguity.
Strategic Partnerships for the Development of Competitive Labor Force Through Vocational Education and Training
2016
Establishing closer links between education, training and the world of work is a high level EU policy priority and increasing in the focus of academic research. Constant skills’ upgrading of the workforce to promote employability requires innovative approaches at national, regional and local level and demands new forms of strategic partnerships. This sets new tasks also for public administrations involved in vocational education and training (VET) provision. In Latvia VET reform is ongoing, with gradual changes in VET governance through increased involvement of social partners. It is important to evaluate the existing institutional mechanisms for co-operation among the social partners and, …
Family time negotiations in the context of non-standard work schedules
2019
Present-day parenting is centred round the question of time, especially in the case of working parents. This study analysed negotiations over time in families where one or both parents work non-standard schedules, that is, during evenings, nights and weekends. We asked what aspects of time are negotiable and with whom, and who in the family bears the ultimate responsibility for these negotiations. The analysis was based on interviews with 47 people conducted in 2013 in Finland. The findings indicated that time negotiations within the family concerned everyday routines and schedules, social life and the family‗s philosophy. Family life and schedules in the context of non-standard schedules w…
Youth Unemployment in Romania: Post-crisis Challenges
2014
Abstract This article reviews the dynamics of the Romanian youth labour market between 2007 and 2013. Using total unemployment rate as benchmarking we describe the dynamics of youth unemployment during these years. We argue that the short time effects of the crisis on youth unemployment are just one side of the problem. The long term effects related to education and migration trends are the main challenges that labour market policies should address in the near future.
Population Growth and Manufacturing Real Wages in 18th Century England: A Spatial Perspective
2004
We develop a two-region population growth model of economic geography and show that a process of urbanization has a substantial impact on the evolution of manufacturing real wages. Whereas real wages decline as the population increases when the spatial structure of the economy is fixed, they actually rise in the long-run when factors are mobile. Agglomeration may hence be seen as a rational response to declining real wages and provides a new explanation of why manufacturing real wages did not decline prior to the Industrial Revolution in England, despite a historically unprecedented population growth.
Expertise as Capital - Experienced and Estimated by Doctoral Students
2020
There is a great and constantly renewed expectation of doctoral education, the highest level of specialist training, and of doctors globally. The Finnish education and university field is also re-positioned to create greater opportunities for continuous and sustainable learning. The goal for a long time has been that doctoral education should increasingly produce a more sophisticated teams of experts with expert knowledge and skills that meet the demands of digital and global, as well as forward-looking innovative visions. On the other hand, at the same time, doctors face uncertainty about the nature of their expertise and even the challenges of employment in their working life. However, th…
Unemployment Transitions to Stable and Unstable Jobs Before and During the Crisis
2014
Using administrative records data from Spanish Social Security, we analyse the pattern and the determinants of individual unemployment benefit spell durations. We compare a period of expansion (2005-2007) and the recent recession (2009-2011), allowing us to determine the impact of the current crisis. In line with the duality that characterizes the Spanish labour market, we distinguish between exits to a stable job and exits to an unstable job. We estimate a Multivariate Mixed Proportional Hazard Model for each time period. We find similar effects of the crisis for stable and unstable jobs, which are particularly strong in the first year of the spell. Moreover, slight negative duration depen…
FORECASTING THE LABOUR FORCE DEMAND AND SUPPLY IN LATVIA / LATVIJOS DARBO JĖGOS PAKLAUSOS IR PASIŪLOS MODELIAVIMAS
2008
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the problems of Latvian labour market and its possible development. An econometric model for labour force demand and supply forecasting is elaborated and it comprises 120 professions, 37 aggregated groups of professions and covers time period 2007–2030. The results of the quantitative and qualitative Employers’ Survey are analysed and taken into account. The novelty of this research study lies in the complex approach to the labour force demand and supply analyses and to the forecasts to the Latvian economy in general and for its 15 separate sectors. Santrauka Šio straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti Latvijos darbo rinkos problemas ir galimus pokyčius. Su…
The effect of women’s participation in the labour market on the postponement of first childbirth: a comparison of Italy and Hungary
2014
This paper analyses the effect of increasing female participation in the labour market on the transition to first childbirth. Regional perspectives are considered to help us understand how postponement behaviour is changing over time and at different paces in each region. The analysis is based on the first wave of the Generations and Gender Survey of Italy and Hungary. We use a multilevel event history random intercept model to examine the effect of individuals’ positions in the labour market on the transition to motherhood, controlling for differences in macrolevel factors related to regional backgrounds in the two countries. The regional data for Italy came from the Italian National Stati…
Posted Migration and Segregation in the European Construction Sector
2015
Worker ‘posting’ or temporary migration of manual workers sent by their employers to work on projects abroad has become increasingly prominent in the European construction industry. It is now normal to find groups of workers from all around Europe on construction sites, living in nearby temporary accommodations, moving on to other projects or back home when the project is complete. This article highlights the interaction between the social and spatial segregation and transnational mobility of these workers in the European Union construction labour market. We argue that the work-focused and employer-dominated nature of the posted workers' social world abroad contributes to their segregation …