Search results for "LC"
showing 10 items of 31477 documents
Biochemical characterization of the skeletal matrix of the massive coral, Porites australiensis - The saccharide moieties and their localization.
2018
11 pages; International audience; To construct calcium carbonate skeletons of sophisticated architecture, scleractinian corals secrete an extracellular skeletal organic matrix (SOM) from aboral ectodermal cells. The SOM, which is composed of proteins, saccharides, and lipids, performs functions critical for skeleton formation. Even though polysaccharides constitute the major component of the SOM, its contribution to coral skeleton formation is poorly understood. To this end, we analyzed the SOM of the massive colonial coral, Porites australiensis, the skeleton of which has drawn great research interest because it records environmental conditions throughout the life of the colony. The coral …
Specific binding of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ea toxin, and Cry1Ac and Cry1Fa competition analyses in Anticarsia gemmatalis and Chrysodeixis include…
2019
AbstractAnticarsia gemmatalis (velvetbean caterpillar) and Chrysodeixis includens (soybean looper) are two important defoliation pests of soybeans. In the present study, we have investigated the susceptibility and brush border membrane-binding properties of both species to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ea toxin. Bioassays performed in first-instar larvae demonstrated potent activity against both soybean pests in terms of mortality or practical mortality. Competition-binding studies carried out with 125Iodine-labelled Cry1Ea, demonstrated the presence of specific binding sites on the midgut brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) of both insect species. Heterologous competition-binding experiment…
A Model for ERD2 Function in Higher Plants
2020
ER lumenal proteins have a K(H)DEL motif at their C-terminus. This is recognized by the ERD2 receptor (KDEL receptor in animals), which localizes to the Golgi apparatus and serves to capture escaped ER lumenal proteins. ERD2-ligand complexes are then transported back to the ER via COPI coated vesicles. The neutral pH of the ER causes the ligands to dissociate with the receptor being returned to the Golgi. According to this generally accepted scenario, ERD2 cycles between the ER and the Golgi, although it has been found to have a predominant Golgi localization. In this short article, we present a model for the functioning of ERD2 receptors in higher plants that explains why it is difficult t…
Climate Change Genomics Calls for Standardized Data Reporting
2020
The advent of new and affordable high-throughput sequencing techniques allows for the investigation of the genetic basis of environmental adaptation throughout the plant and animal kingdom. The framework of genotype-environment associations (GEA) provides a powerful link by correlating the geographic distribution of genotype patterns of individuals or populations with environmental factors on a spatial scale. We coarsely review the short history of GEA studies, summarizing available studies, organisms, data type, and data availability for these studies. GEA is a powerful tool in climate change research and we therefore focus on climate variables as environmental factors. While our initial a…
Transcriptome approach to understand the potential mechanisms inhibiting or triggering blossom-end rot development in tomato fruit in response to pla…
2017
The objectives of this study were to analyze changes in gene expression and identify candidate genes and gene networks potentially inhibiting or triggering blossom-end rot (BER) in tomatoes treated with plant growth regulators. ?Ace 55 (Vf)? tomato plants were grown in a greenhouse and sprayed with Apogee (300 mg L?1), abscisic acid (ABA) (500 mg L?1), water (control), or gibberellins 4?+?7 (GA4?+?7) (300 mg L?1) weekly after pollination. The BER incidence rate was zero in Apogee- and ABA-, medium in water-, and high in GA4?+?7-treated plants from 26 to 40 days after pollination (DAP). At 26 DAP, healthy blossom-end fruit tissue still not showing visible BER symptoms was used for transcript…
A Complex Gene Network Mediated by Ethylene Signal Transduction TFs Defines the Flower Induction and Differentiation in Olea europaea L.
2021
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a typical Mediterranean crop, important for olive and oil production. The high tendency to bear fruits in an uneven manner, defined as irregular or alternate bearing, results in a significant economic impact for the high losses in olives and oil production. Buds from heavy loaded (‘ON’) and unloaded (‘OFF’) branches of a unique olive tree were collected in July and the next March to compare the transcriptomic profiles and get deep insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating floral induction and differentiation. A wide set of DEGs related to ethylene TFs and to hormonal, sugar, and phenylpropanoid pathways was identified in buds collected from ‘OFF’ …
Transcriptional responses to pre-flowering leaf defoliation in grapevine berry from different growing sites, years, and genotypes
2017
Leaf removal is a grapevine canopy management technique widely used to modify the sourceâsink balance and/or microclimate around berry clusters to optimize fruit composition. In general, the removal of basal leaves before flowering reduces fruit set, hence achieving looser clusters, and improves grape composition since yield is generally curtailed more than proportionally to leaf area itself. Albeit responses to this practice seem quite consistent, overall vine performance is affected by genotype, environmental conditions, and severity of treatment. The physiological responses of grape varieties to defoliation practices have been widely investigated, and just recently a whole genome trans…
Genetic Mechanisms of the Devious Intruder Candidatus Liberibacter in Citrus.
2017
HLB symptom progression may result from three types of dysfunction occurring in Ca.L.-infected citrus: (1) a carbohydrate disorder linked to disruption of the source-sink relationship, (2) perturbation of hormonal crosstalk involved in plant immune responses (JA-SA signaling crosstalk), and (3) changes in the rapid activation of detoxifying pathways (particularly GSTs). The development of innovative short- or long-term biotechnological tools that allow beneficial modulation of these three pathways will help increase Citrus tolerance to this devastating disease.
Evolution of the human chromosome 13 synteny: Evolutionary rearrangements, plasticity, human disease genes and cancer breakpoints
2020
The history of each human chromosome can be studied through comparative cytogenetic approaches in mammals which permit the identification of human chromosomal homologies and rearrangements between species. Comparative banding, chromosome painting, Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) mapping and genome data permit researchers to formulate hypotheses about ancestral chromosome forms. Human chromosome 13 has been previously shown to be conserved as a single syntenic element in the Ancestral Primate Karyotype
Daily rhythmicity of high affinity copper transport
2016
A differential demand for copper (Cu) of essential cupro-proteins that act within the mitochondrial and chloroplastal electronic transport chains occurs along the daily light/dark cycles. This requires a fine-tuned spatiotemporal regulation of Cu delivery, becoming especially relevant under non-optimal growth conditions. When scarce, Cu is imported through plasma membrane-bound high affinity Cu transporters (COPTs) whose coding genes are transcriptionally induced by the SPL7 transcription factor. Temporal homeostatic mechanisms are evidenced by the presence of multiple light- and clock-responsive regulatory cis elements in the promoters of both SPL7 and its COPT targets. A model is presente…