Search results for "LEAN"

showing 10 items of 3611 documents

Combining finite learning automata with GSAT for the satisfiability problem

2010

A large number of problems that occur in knowledge-representation, learning, very large scale integration technology (VLSI-design), and other areas of artificial intelligence, are essentially satisfiability problems. The satisfiability problem refers to the task of finding a satisfying assignment that makes a Boolean expression evaluate to True. The growing need for more efficient and scalable algorithms has led to the development of a large number of SAT solvers. This paper reports the first approach that combines finite learning automata with the greedy satisfiability algorithm (GSAT). In brief, we introduce a new algorithm that integrates finite learning automata and traditional GSAT use…

Theoretical computer scienceLearning automataComputer scienceRandom walkSatisfiabilitySet (abstract data type)Artificial IntelligenceControl and Systems EngineeringMaximum satisfiability problemBenchmark (computing)Combinatorial optimizationBoolean expressionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringBoolean satisfiability problemAlgorithmEngineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
researchProduct

Solving Graph Coloring Problems Using Learning Automata

2008

The graph coloring problem (GCP) is a widely studied combinatorial optimization problem with numerous applications, including time tabling, frequency assignment, and register allocation. The growing need for more efficient algorithms has led to the development of several GCP solvers. In this paper, we introduce the first GCP solver that is based on Learning Automata (LA). We enhance traditional Random Walk with LA-based learning capability, encoding the GCP as a Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT). Extensive experiments demonstrate that the LA significantly improve the performance of RW, thus laying the foundation for novel LA-based solutions to the GCP.

Theoretical computer scienceLearning automataEncoding (memory)Frequency assignmentCombinatorial optimizationGraph coloringSolverBoolean satisfiability problemMathematicsRegister allocation
researchProduct

Upper bounds on multiparty communication complexity of shifts

1996

We consider some communication complexity problems which arise when proving lower bounds on the complexity of Boolean functions. In particular, we prove an \(O(\frac{n}{{2\sqrt {\log n} }}\log ^{1/4} n)\)upper bound on 3-party communication complexity of shifts, an O(n e ) upper bound on the multiparty communication complexity of shifts for a polylogarithmic number of parties. These bounds are all significant improvements over ones recently considered “unexpected” by Pudlak [5].

TheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUSDiscrete mathematicsCombinatoricsTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYCommunication complexityBinary logarithmBoolean functionUpper and lower boundsMultiparty communicationMathematics
researchProduct

Photodissociation Mechanisms of Major Mercury(II) Species in the Atmospheric Chemical Cycle of Mercury

2020

7 pags., 4 figs.

Thermal oxidationChemical substance010405 organic chemistryPhotodissociationchemistry.chemical_elementElemental mercuryGeneral MedicineGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesMercury (element)Metalchemistry13. Climate actionvisual_artAtmospheric chemistryThermalvisual_art.visual_art_medium
researchProduct

Interaction of Ni/SiO2 with thiophene.

2009

Abstract The interaction between Ni/SiO 2 (18 wt%) and thiophene was studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and in a fixed-bed reactor. The samples were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation and reaction was realized in hydrogen flow at 280–360 °C in the presence of 10–40 mbar of thiophene. It is found that sulfidation of Ni is not complete in TGA experiments and the maximum achievable transformation degree depends not only on the temperature and thiophene pressure, but also on the sample weight and the gas flow rate. The maximum transformation degree is shown to vary reversibly when conditions are changed. Analysis of the reaction products during sulfidation in a fixed-bed reac…

Thermogravimetric analysisInorganic chemistrySulfidation02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCatalysis[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Metalchemistry.chemical_compoundThiopheneGeneral Materials ScienceIncipient wetness impregnationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPartial pressure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciences[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]chemistry13. Climate actionvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical chemistrySteady state (chemistry)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

Carbon Nano-onions: Potassium Intercalation and Reductive Covalent Functionalization

2021

Herein we report the synthesis of covalently functionalized carbon nano-onions (CNOs) via a reductive approach using unprecedented alkali-metal CNO intercalation compounds. For the first time, an in situ Raman study of the controlled intercalation process with potassium has been carried out revealing a Fano resonance in highly doped CNOs. The intercalation was further confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the experimental results have been rationalized with DFT calculations. Covalently functionalized CNO derivatives were synthesized by using phenyl iodide and n-hexyl iodide as electrophiles in model nucleophilic substitution reactions. The functiona…

Thermogravimetric analysisIodideIntercalation (chemistry)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyBiochemistryArticleCatalysissymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistryNucleophilic substitutionchemistry.chemical_classificationElectron energy loss spectroscopytechnology industry and agricultureGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEspectroscòpia Raman0104 chemical scienceschemistryCovalent bondsymbolsSurface modificationMaterials nanoestructurats0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyJournal of the American Chemical Society
researchProduct

Comparison of Permeation Measurements and Hybrid Density Functional Calculations on Oxygen Vacancy Transport in Complex Perovskite Oxides

2014

The oxygen vacancy (VO••) formation enthalpy (ΔHF) was determined from the effective activation energies obtained in the permeation measurements on a series of solid solutions La0.98–xSrxCo0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (x = 0.125–0.8) and compared with the results of ab initio calculations at finite temperatures based on the hybrid (PBE0) and GGA+U calculations, as well as previous thermogravimetric experiments. The Mulliken atomic charges, magnetic moments, and the Fe-VO•• and Sr-VO•• distances are analyzed. The strong dependence of formation enthalpy of VO•• on the Fe oxidation state due to variation in Sr and VO•• concentrations is discussed.

Thermogravimetric analysisMagnetic momentChemistryEnthalpy02 engineering and technologyPermeation010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences7. Clean energy0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral EnergyOxidation stateAb initio quantum chemistry methodsddc:540Physical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyPerovskite (structure)Solid solution
researchProduct

Nafion® and polyaniline composite modification with Li and Mg ions

2019

Funding from European Union`s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program project under grant agreement No 768789 is greatly acknowledged.

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials science020209 energy02 engineering and technologyElectrolyteConductivity010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energy0104 chemical sciencesDielectric spectroscopychemistry.chemical_compoundMembranechemistryChemical engineeringNafionPolyaniline:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFourier transform infrared spectroscopyIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
researchProduct

Interface Amorphization of Two‐Dimensional Black Phosphorus upon Treatment with Diazonium Salts

2021

Abstract Two‐dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) represents one of the most appealing 2D materials due to its electronic, optical, and chemical properties. Many strategies have been pursued to face its environmental instability, covalent functionalization being one of the most promising. However, the extremely low functionalization degrees and the limitations in proving the nature of the covalent functionalization still represent challenges in many of these sheet architectures reported to date. Here we shine light on the structural evolution of 2D‐BP upon the addition of electrophilic diazonium salts. We demonstrated the absence of covalent functionalization in both the neutral and the r…

Thermogravimetric analysisred phosphoruschemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistryPhotochemistryMass spectrometryblack phosphorus01 natural sciencesCatalysislaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeX-ray photoelectron spectroscopylawElectron paramagnetic resonanceMaterialsFull Paper010405 organic chemistryChemistryPhosphorusOrganic ChemistryBalz–Schiemann productGeneral ChemistryQuímicaFull Paperssacrificial catalysts6. Clean waterMaterials Science | Hot Paperamorphization0104 chemical sciencesElectrophilesymbolsSurface modificationRaman spectroscopyddc:547Chemistry – A European Journal
researchProduct

Chronology for the Cueva Victoria fossil site (SE Spain): Evidence for Early Pleistocene Afro-Iberian dispersals

2014

Cueva Victoria has provided remains of more than 90 species of fossil vertebrates, including a hominin phalanx, and the only specimens of the African cercopithecid Theropithecus oswaldi in Europe. To constrain the age of the vertebrate remains we used paleomagnetism, vertebrate biostratigraphy and (230)Th/U dating. Normal polarity was identified in the non-fossiliferous lowest and highest stratigraphic units (red clay and capping flowstones) while reverse polarity was found in the intermediate stratigraphic unit (fossiliferous breccia). A lower polarity change occurred during the deposition of the decalcification clay, when the cave was closed and karstification was active. A second polarit…

Theropithecus010506 paleontologyEarly PleistocenePleistoceneved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesBiostratigraphy010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesTheropithecusPaleontologyAfrica NorthernCaveAnimalsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsMagnetostratigraphy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMammalsgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryFossilsved/biologyHominidaeBiological EvolutionCavesSpainAnthropologyAnimal MigrationTheropithecus oswaldiGeologyAcheuleanJournal of Human Evolution
researchProduct