Search results for "LED"

Oral potentially malignant disorders: is malignant transformation predictable and preventable?

2014

Leukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder of the oral mucosa. The prevalence is approximately 1% while the annual malignant transformation ranges from 2% to 3%. At present, there are no reliable clinicopathological or molecular predicting factors of malignant transformation that can be used in an individual patient and such event can not truly be prevented. Furthermore, follow-up programs are of questionable value in this respect. Cessation of smoking habits may result in regression or even disappearance of the leukoplakia and will diminish the risk of cancer development either at the site of the leukoplakia or elsewhere in the mouth or the upper aerodigestive tract. The…

Appraisal of Burden of Caregivers to Chronically Rehabilitated Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries in a Tertiary Neurological Center in Nepal

2021

The care of a patient with a spinal cord injury is part of healthcare systems. It causes a substantial physical and emotional drain on the caretakers who often are in short supply and thus may lack adequate training, preparation, and support. Long hours of assisting a chronically handicapped patient with activities of daily living and exercises decrease the rehabilitator's quality of life and take a psychological toll that increases a risk of burnout syndrome. The present study found a significant caregiving burden among care providers of chronically dependent patients with spinal cord injuries. Additionally, financial drain escalates the issue in this rather neglected health and quality of…

A randomized controlled trial of rehabilitation after hospitalization in frail older women: effects on strength, balance and mobility

2002

When frail older people become acutely ill, they are at increased risk of further functional deterioration and rehabilitation is needed to restore functioning. The effects of an out-patient multicomponent training program including strength training after hospitalization were studied in a randomized controlled trial. Sixty-eight women (mean age 83.0 +/- 3.9 years) who were hospitalized due to an acute illness and were mobility impaired at admission were randomized into training (N = 34) and home exercise (N = 34) groups. Maximal voluntary isometric strength of knee extension and hip abduction, dynamic balance, and maximal walking speed were measured before and after the 10-week training per…

Efficacy of Manual and Manipulative Therapy in the Perception of Pain and Cervical Motion in Patients With Tension-Type Headache: A Randomized, Contr…

2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of manipulative and manual therapy treatments with regard to pain perception and neck mobility in patients with tension-type headache.A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 84 adults diagnosed with tension-type headache. Eighty-four subjects were enrolled in this study: 68 women and 16 men. Mean age was 39.76 years, ranging from 18 to 65 years. A total of 57.1% were diagnosed with chronic tension-type headache and 42.9% with tension-type headache. Participants were divided into 3 treatment groups (manual therapy, manipulative therapy, a combination of manual and manipulative therapy) and a control group. Four treatment sessions we…

Evidence for exercise therapy in the treatment of chronic disease based on at least three randomized controlled trials - summary of published systema…

2004

Final evidence for the overall benefits of exercise therapy in the treatment/rehabilitation of specific chronic disease comes from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This paper summarizes current evidence that is based on a systematic review including data from at least three RCTs with contrast for exercise only. The quality of specific RCTs as well as the quality of systematic reviews varies, the newest ones usually being of higher quality than the older ones. The most consistent finding of the studies is that aerobic capacity and muscular strength of patients can be improved without causing detrimental effects on disease progression. Severe complications during these carefully tailored …

Evaluation of the efficacy of the ‘nasal airflow-inducing manoeuvre’ for smell rehabilitation in laryngectomees by means of the Sniffin′ Sticks test

2011

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2011, 36, 17–23 Objective:  To determine the efficacy of the nasal airflow-inducing manoeuvre (NAIM) as a method for olfactory rehabilitation in laryngectomees by the means of the Sniffin′ Sticks test. Study design:  Prospective open interventional trial. Setting:  Tertiary academic hospital. Participants:  Thirty-seven patients after laryngectomy have been screened and 25 patients have been included into the study. The participant’s sense of smell was tested with the Sniffin′ Sticks test before and after learning the nasal airflow inducing manoeuvre. The individual level of threshold, discrimination and identification (TDI) was determined and the individual threshold, di…

The role of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a critical appraisal

2014

Despite their widespread use, long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics (APs) are often regarded with some negativity because of the assumption of punishment, control and insufficient evolution towards psychosocial development of patients. However, LAI APs have proved effective in schizophrenia and other severe psychotic disorders because they assure stable blood levels, leading to a reduction of the risk of relapse. Therapeutic opportunities have also arisen after introduction of newer, second-generation LAI APs in recent years. Newer LAI APs are more readily dosed optimally, may be better tolerated and are better suited to integrated rehabilitation programmes. This review outlines the …

Early urinary sodium trajectory and risk of adverse outcomes in acute heart failure and renal dysfunction.

2021

Introduction and objectives: Urinary sodium (UNa+) has emerged as a useful biomarker of poor clinical outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF). Here, we sought to evaluate: a) the usefulness of a single early determination of UNa+ for predicting adverse outcomes in patients with AHF and renal dysfunction, and b) whether the change in UNa+ at 24 hours (Delta UNa24 h) adds any additional prognostic information over baseline values. Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial (IMPROVE-HF) (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02643147) that randomized 160 patients with AHF and renal dysfunction on admission to a) the standard diuretic strategy, or b) a carbohydra…

Tiotropium Respimat® Add-On To Inhaled Corticosteroids Improves Lung Function In Patients With Symptomatic Mild Asthma: Results From A Phase III Trial

2014

Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial of 150-J Biphasic Shocks Compared With 200- to 360-J Monophasic Shocks in the Resuscitation of Out-of-Hospi…

2000

Background —In the present study, we compared an automatic external defibrillator (AED) that delivers 150-J biphasic shocks with traditional high-energy (200- to 360-J) monophasic AEDs. Methods and Results —AEDs were prospectively randomized according to defibrillation waveform on a daily basis in 4 emergency medical services systems. Defibrillation efficacy, survival to hospital admission and discharge, return of spontaneous circulation, and neurological status at discharge (cerebral performance category) were compared. Of 338 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 115 had a cardiac etiology, presented with ventricular fibrillation, and were shocked with an AED. The time from the e…