Search results for "LIPIDS"
showing 10 items of 2228 documents
Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed dose combination of cortex phospholipid liposomes and cyanocobalamin for intramuscular use in peripheral neuropa…
2019
Peripheral neuropathies are frequently encourtered in clinical practice and are assiociated with a major impairment in quality of life . Howewvwr, their management reamans poor, and current therapies are often burdened with major side effects and can present poor efficacy on pain and functionality. Therefore, it has been suggested that the combination of two or more different drugs may improve analgesis efficacy and reduce side effects. Tricortin 1000 is formulated with 12 mg of Brain cortex phospholipid liposomes + 1000 microgrammi of Cyanocobalamin injectable (PL+ CNCb1) for intramuscolar use and is indicated in the tratment of poly-algo-neuropathic syndromes. This combination exerts a ma…
Contribution of vitamin A to the oxidation resistance of human low density lipoproteins.
1995
This study investigated the antioxidant contribution of vitamin A in protecting human low density lipoprotein (LDL) against copper-stimulated oxidation. The presence of small amounts of retinol (0.033 ± 0.012 nmol/mol LDL) and retinyl palmitate (0.036 ± 0.021 nmol/mol LDL) was routinely ascertained in the LDL. A single oral supplementation with 20,000 IU vitamin A caused a two- to three-fold increase of retinol and retinyl palmitate in the LDL isolated 8 h after the supplementation. In comparison to autologous-control LDL, vitamin A-enriched LDL were more resistant to oxidation, as expressed both by a clear delay in the onset of lipid peroxidation and by a reduction of the rate of conjugate…
Antioxidant status and circulating lipids are altered in human gestational diabetes and macrosomia.
2007
Fetuses from mothers with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing neonatal macrosomia and oxidative stress. We investigated the modulation of antioxidant status and circulating lipids in gestational diabetic mothers and their macrosomic babies and in healthy age-matched pregnant women and their newborns. The serum antioxidant status was assessed by employing anti-radical resistance kit (KRL; Kirial International SA, Couternon, France) and determining levels of vitamin A, C, and E and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Circulating serum lipids were quantified, and lipid peroxidation was measured as the concentrations of serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances …
[37] Interactions between vitamin A and vitamin E in liposomes and in biological contexts
1999
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the interactions between vitamin A and vitamin E in liposomes. The chapter reviews several studies carried out by incorporating a variable proportion of all- trans -retinol and α-tocopherol in soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes. It discusses the antioxidant effectiveness of all- trans - retinol in retinal membranes, whether deprived of endogenous α-tocopherol. In the experiments discussed in the chapter, synergistic effects between all- trans -retinal and α -tocopherol are evident in chemical bilayer as well as in natural membranes. In addition, when all- trans -retinol and α –tocopherol are allowed to act in combination, consumption of both antio…
A time course investigation of vitamin A level and lipid composition of the liver endoplasmic reticulum in rats following treatment with congeneric p…
1990
Abstract The drug metabolizing enzyme activities, the vitamin A content and the fatty acid composition in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane were studied in rat liver after a single injection of the polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl [(3,4)2Cl] or 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl [(2,4,5)2Cl], 300 μ mol/kg each. The microsomal vitamin A level was markedly lowered 3 days after treatment with (3,4)2Cl, a coplanar type inducer of cytochrome P-450. A marked increase in microsomal AHH and UDPGT activities occurred within 3 days after injection of (3,4)2Cl whereas (2,4,5,)2Cl treatment enhanced APDM activity only. Arachidonic, stearic and linoleic acid microsomal contents w…
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the measurement of pyridoxal-5-phosphate and 4-pyridoxic acid in human plasma.
2014
Abstract Background Low concentration of plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and inflammation. Most methods for the measurement of plasma PLP require large specimen volume and involve the use of toxic reagents. Methods We have developed a HPLC method for the measurement of PLP and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) in plasma, which requires small specimen volume. The samples are prepared without adding any toxic reagents. Furthermore, we have examined whether intake of vitamin B 6 affects the concentration of plasma PLP and 4-PA. Results The coefficient of variation of the method was 6% and the recovery of the added vitamin in plasma was about 100%. The concentra…
Vitamin A deficiency causes oxidative damage to liver mitochondria in rats.
2000
Mitochondrial damage in rat liver induced by chronic vitamin A-deficiency was studied using three different groups of rats: (i) control rats, (ii) rats fed a vitamin A-free diet until 50 d after birth and (iii) vitamin A-deficient rats re-fed a control diet for 30 d. No statistical difference in body weight and food intake was found between control and vitamin A-deficient rats. Liver GSH concentration was similar in both groups. However, in vitamin A-deficient rats, the mitochondrial GSH/GSSG ratio was significantly lower and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (oxo8dG) were higher when compared to control rats. These values were partially restored i…
N-3 fatty acids modulate antioxidant status in diabetic rats and their macrosomic offspring.
2006
We investigated the role of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in the modulation of total antioxidant status in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and their macrosomic offspring. Female wistar rats, fed on control diet or n-3 PUFA diet, were rendered diabetic by administration of five mild doses of STZ on day 5 and were killed on days 12 and 21 of gestation. The macrosomic (MAC) pups were killed at the age of 60 and 90 days. Lipid peroxidation was measured as the concentrations of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the total antioxidant status was determined by measuring (i) plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), (ii) plasma vitami…
Vitamin A Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Membrane Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Tissues in Vivo
1993
The antioxidant activity of vitamin A against lipid peroxidation induced by doxorubicin in rat tissues in vivo was investigated. A single ip injection of doxorubicin (30 mg/kg body wt) markedly raised the level of peroxidated lipids measured as TBARS and conjugated dienes in heart and brain membrane preparations. Other tissues, such as retina and liver, did not show any increase of lipid peroxides over control values. Pretreatment of rats with two daily subcutaneous injections of retinol palmitate (0.25 g/kg body wt), for 2 days, before injecting doxorubicin, inhibited peroxidation of heart and brain membrane lipids. The antioxidant action of vitamin A does not appear to be mediated by enha…
Anti-inflammatory Function of High-Density Lipoproteins via Autophagy of IκB Kinase
2015
Background & Aims: Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are frequently found decreased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, and because HDL exerts anti-inflammatory activities, we investigated whether HDL and its major protein component apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) modulate mucosal inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The human intestinal epithelial cell line T84 was used as the in vitro model for measuring the effects of HDL on the expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM). Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-responsive promoter activity was studied by …