Search results for "LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE"

Difference in Markers of Microbial Translocation and Cell Apoptosis in HIV Monoinfected and HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients

2019

Abstract Immune activation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is driven by microbial translocation and in HIV patients is one of the contributors to faster progression of liver disease along with increased cell apoptosis. The aim of the study was to compare microbial translocation and apoptosis markers in HIV monoinfected and HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfected patients, depending on HIV immune status and antiretroviral treatment (ART). We analysed data for 78 HIV monoinfected and 105 HIV/HCV coinfected patients from the Rīga East University Hospital. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), endotoxin core antibodies (EndoCAb), cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and cyto-chrome c (Cyt-c) levels were me…

Fasting inhibits hepatic stellate cells activation and potentiates anti-cancer activity of Sorafenib in hepatocellular cancer cells

2017

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor outcome. Most HCCs develop in the context of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by chronic inflammation. Short-term fasting approaches enhance the activity of chemotherapy in preclinical cancer models, other than HCC. Multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sorafenib is the mainstay of treatment in HCC. However, its benefit is frequently short-lived. Whether fasting can alleviate liver fibrosis and whether combining fasting with Sorafenib is beneficial remains unknown. METHODS: 24 hour fasting (2% serum, 0.1% glucose)-induced changes on human hepatic stellate cells (HSC) LX-2 proliferation/viability/cell cycle were assessed by MTT and flow cyto…

Structure–Activity Relationship of Plesiomonas shigelloides Lipid A to the Production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by Human and Murine Macrophages

2017

Plesiomonas shigelloides is a Gram-negative bacterium that is associated with diarrheal disease in humans. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the main surface antigen and virulence factor of this bacterium. The lipid A (LA) moiety of LPS is the main region recognized by target cells of immune system. Here, we evaluated the biological activities of P. shigelloides LA for their abilities to induce the productions of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) by human and murine macrophages [THP-1 macrophages and immortalized murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDM)]. Four native P. shigelloides LA preparations differing in their phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) substitution, length, number, …

2018

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are susceptible to thromboembolism. Interestingly, IBD occurs less frequently in patients with inherited bleeding disorders. Therefore, we analyzed whether F9-deficiency is protective against the onset of acute colitis in a genetic hemophilia B mouse model. In the 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, F9-deficient mice were protected from body-weight loss and had a reduced disease activity score. We detected decreased colonic myeloperoxidase activity and decreased CXCL1 levels in DSS-treated F9-deficient mice compared with wild-type (WT) littermate controls, indicating decreased neutrophil infiltration. Remarkably, we identif…

HSP60 activity on human bronchial epithelial cells

2017

HSP60 has been implicated in chronic inflammatory disease pathogenesis, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the mechanisms by which this chaperonin would act are poorly understood. A number of studies suggest a role for extracellular HSP60, since it can be secreted from cells and bind Toll-like receptors; however, the effects of this stimulation have never been extensively studied. We investigated the effects (pro- or anti-inflammatory) of HSP60 in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) alone and in comparison with oxidative, inflammatory, or bacterial challenges. 16-HBE cells were cultured for 1–4 h in the absence or presence of HSP60, H2O2, lipopolysaccharide (…

Macrophage Scavenger Receptor 1 mediates lipid-induced inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2020

AbstractObesity-associated inflammation is a key player in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the exact mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1, CD204) expression is associated with the occurrence of hepatic lipid-laden foamy macrophages and correlates with the degree of steatosis and steatohepatitis in a cohort of 170 NAFLD patients. Mice lacking Msr1 are protected against high fat-cholesterol diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disorder, showing fewer hepatic lipid-laden foamy macrophages, less hepatic inflammation, improved dyslipidemia and glucose tolerance, while showing a change in hepatic …

Presepsin value predicts the risk of developing severe/critical COVID-19 illness: results of a pooled analysis

2021

Role of Adrenomedullin in LSP-mediated lung injury

2014

Efficacy of Focused Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Prospective Randomized 3-Month Follow-Up Study.

2022

BACKGROUND Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a modern physiotherapeutic method that is useful for treating musculoskeletal conditions. There are still limited data from well-designed studies evaluating the clinical efficiency of ESWT in low back pain (LBP). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the focused ESWT (fESWT) in reducing pain and improving the functional status of patients with chronic LBP. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved 40 patients with L5-S1 discopathy with chronic LBP pain who were randomized into 2 groups: group A (n=20, mean age of 42.3±13.1 years) and group B (n=20, mean age of 45.4±14 years). Group A was an experimental group treated …

Effects of leptin on lipopolysaccharide-induced myometrial apoptosis in an in vitro human model of chorioamnionitis.

2011

Objective This study was aimed at assessing the role of leptin on human myometrium, by studying its receptor expression in pregnant myometrium and the interaction of leptin with inflammation-induced apoptosis. Study Design Myometrial samples were obtained from women with uncomplicated pregnancies who underwent cesarean delivery at term before labor onset. The effect of leptin on apoptosis was assessed by the incubation of myometrial strips with leptin (10 –10 to 10 –8 mol/L; 48 hours) before lipopolysaccharide treatment (10 μg/mL; 48 hours). Results Long and short leptin receptor isoforms were expressed in myometrial cells of pregnant women. Leptin prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced apopt…