Search results for "LOAD"

showing 10 items of 1967 documents

A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Reactivity of Azomethine Imine in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions

2017

The electronic structure and the participation of the simplest azomethine imine (AI) in [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions have been analysed within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) using DFT calculations at the MPWB1K/6-311G(d) level. Electron localisation function (ELF) topological analysis reveals that AI has a pseudoradical structure, while the conceptual DFT reactivity indices characterise this TAC as a moderate electrophile and a good nucleophile. The non-polar 32CA reaction of AI with ethylene takes place through a one-step mechanism with low activation energy, 5.3 kcal/mol-1. A bonding evolution theory (BET) study indicates that this reaction takes place through a non-…

Models MolecularThiosemicarbazones[3+2] cycloaddition reactionsImineMolecular Conformationmolecular mechanismsazomethine iminePharmaceutical ScienceElectronsElectronic structureActivation energy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticlebonding evolution theoryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundNucleophileComputational chemistryDrug Discoveryconceptual density functional theoryMoleculeReactivity (chemistry)organic_chemistryelectron densityPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryazomethine imine; [3+2] cycloaddition reactions; molecular electron density theory; conceptual density functional theory; electron localisation function; bonding evolution theory; electron density; molecular mechanisms; chemical reactivityCycloaddition ReactionMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistrymolecular electron density theoryOrganic ChemistryCycloaddition0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophileQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsMolecular MedicineDensity functional theoryImineselectron localisation functionAzo Compoundschemical reactivityMolecules; Volume 22; Issue 5; Pages: 750
researchProduct

Divulging the various chemical reactivity of trifluoromethyl-4-vinyl-benzene as well as methyl-4-vinyl-benzene in [3+2] cycloaddition reactions.

2020

Abstract In the present paper, an investigation about the [3 + 2]cycloaddition (32 C A) reactions of benzonitrile oxide with 1-trifluoromethyl-4-vinyl-benzene, and with 1-methyl-4-vinyl-benzene, using the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) through DFT/B3LYP/6–311++G (d,p), is performed. A deep mechanistic study beside an accurate electronic description of different stationary points along the IRC paths of the two 32 C A reactions have performed by examining the two competitive regioisomericortho/metareaction pathways, and providing the mechanism associated with them. The presence of the CF3 group reduces the activation energy, which makes it possible to increase the experimental yield…

Models MolecularTrifluoromethylCycloaddition Reaction010405 organic chemistryRegioselectivityBenzeneElectrons010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignMedicinal chemistryCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesSolventBenzonitrilechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryYield (chemistry)Materials ChemistrySolventsSingle bondPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBenzeneSpectroscopyJournal of molecular graphicsmodelling
researchProduct

Protein knot server: detection of knots in protein structures

2007

KNOTS (http://knots.mit.edu) is a web server that detects knots in protein structures. Several protein structures have been reported to contain intricate knots. The physiological role of knots and their effect on folding and evolution is an area of active research. The user submits a PDB id or uploads a 3D protein structure in PDB or mmCIF format. The current implementation of the server uses the Alexander polynomial to detect knots. The results of the analysis that are presented to the user are the location of the knot in the structure, the type of the knot and an interactive visualization of the knot. The results can also be downloaded and viewed offline. The server also maintains a regul…

Models MolecularWeb serverProtein FoldingTheoretical computer scienceProtein ConformationProtein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)MathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSISAlexander polynomialBiologyBioinformaticscomputer.software_genreUploadUser-Computer InterfaceKnot (unit)Protein structureTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONGeneticsComputer SimulationSurgical knotsDatabases ProteinInteractive visualizationComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSInternetQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesModels StatisticalComputational BiologyProteinsArticlesHaemophilus influenzaeMathematics::Geometric TopologycomputerAlgorithmsSoftwareMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICS
researchProduct

A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Chemoselectivity, Regioselectivity, and Diastereofacial Selectivity in the Synthesis of an Anticance…

2019

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction of an &alpha

Models Molecular[3 + 2] cycloaddition reactionsDouble bondNitrilePharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic Agentsdiastereofacial selectivityArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryChemoselectivitychemistry.chemical_classificationCycloaddition ReactionMolecular StructureOrganic Chemistrymolecular electron density theoryRegioselectivityStereoisomerismIsoxazolesCycloadditionα-santoninchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)regioselectivitynitrile oxidesMolecular MedicineDensity functional theorySantoninDerivative (chemistry)Molecules
researchProduct

A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Synthesis of Spirobipyrazolines through the Domino Reaction of Nitrilimines with Allenoates

2019

The reaction of diphenyl nitrilimine (NI) with methyl 1-methyl-allenoate yielding a spirobipyrazoline has been studied within molecular electron density theory (MEDT) at the MPWB1K/6-311G(d) computational level in dichloromethane. This reaction is a domino process that comprises two consecutive 32CA reactions with the formation of a pyrazoline intermediate. Analysis of the relative Gibbs free energies indicates that both 32CA reactions are highly regioselective, the first one being also completely chemoselective, in agreement with the experimental outcomes. The geometries of the TSs indicate that they are associated to asynchronous bond formation processes in which the shorter distance invo…

Models Molecular[3+2] cycloaddition reactionsMolecular ConformationPharmaceutical SciencePyrazoline010402 general chemistrynitrilimines7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesArticleallenoatesAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441symbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryNucleophileCascade reactionComputational chemistryDrug DiscoverySpiro CompoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDichloromethaneCycloaddition ReactionMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistryChemistryNitrilimineOrganic Chemistrydomino reactionsmolecular electron density theoryRegioselectivityspirobipyrazolinesModels Theoretical0104 chemical sciencesGibbs free energyChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophilesymbolsMolecular MedicineIminesmolecular mechanismMolecules
researchProduct

The Modular X- and Gamma-Ray Sensor (MXGS)of the ASIM Payload on the International Space Station

2019

The Modular X- and Gamma-ray Sensor (MXGS) is an imaging and spectral X- and Gamma-ray instrument mounted on the starboard side of the Columbus module on the International Space Station. Together with the Modular Multi-Spectral Imaging Assembly (MMIA) (Chanrion et al. this issue) MXGS constitutes the instruments of the Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) (Neubert et al. this issue). The main objectives of MXGS are to image and measure the spectrum of X- and γ-rays from lightning discharges, known as Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), and for MMIA to image and perform high speed photometry of Transient Luminous Events (TLEs) and lightning discharges. With these two instruments sp…

Modular Multi-Spectral Imaging AssemblyPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesModular X- and Gamma-ray SensorFOS: Physical sciencesTerrestrial Gamma-ray FlashesInternational Space Station01 natural sciencesPhysics - Space Physics0103 physical sciencesInternational Space Station010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Atmosphere-Space Interaction Monitor0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingPhysicsbusiness.industryPayloadGamma rayX- and Gamma-ray detector for spaceAstronomy and AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Modular designLightningSpace Physics (physics.space-ph)Photometry (astronomy)Space and Planetary ScienceTransient (oscillation)Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsbusiness
researchProduct

Diversity of Lactobacillus species in deep carious lesions of primary molars

2010

AIM: This was to determine the prevalence of Lactobacilli (LB) species in different stages of caries progression and are considered as secondary invaders of existing carious lesions and specialists for caries progression. METHODS: Carious dentine samples were collected from 70 primary molars (M) during step-wise (S1, S2: n = 35 M) or one-step (O1: n = 35 M) caries treatment and after 11 months of temporary restorations (S3, O2). LB were identified by selected physiological and biochemical characteristics, ratio of lactic acid isomers, electrophoretic mobilities of lactic acid dehydrogenases, and shotgun mass mapping by MALDI mass spectrometry. RESULTS: LB were isolated from 46% of soft dent…

MolarDental CariesBacterial countsDental Pulp CappingMicrobiologyCalcium Hydroxidechemistry.chemical_compoundIsomerismstomatognathic systemHumansMedicineDentistry (miscellaneous)Electrophoretic mobilitiesLactic AcidTooth DeciduousLactobacillus speciesChildCaries treatmentL-Lactate DehydrogenaseLacticaseibacillus rhamnosusbusiness.industryfood and beveragesTemporary restorationMolarBacterial LoadLactic acidDental Restoration TemporaryLactobacillusstomatognathic diseasesCaries excavationchemistrySpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationDentinPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthDisease ProgressionElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelDental Cavity PreparationbusinessPulp Capping and Pulpectomy AgentsFollow-Up StudiesEuropean Archives of Paediatric Dentistry
researchProduct

Bimaxillary simultaneous immediate loading of full-arch restorations : a case series

2017

Aim To describe a bimaxillary simultaneous immediate loading protocol with full-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses. Material and Methods A prospective case series of 8 patients who required full-arch rehabilitation was conducted. The main inclusion criteria were patients with teeth that required extraction. At least 1 molar per arch was temporarily employed to stabilize the surgical template and the provisional prosthesis during intraoral relining. Results Two upper implants failed in 1 patient. Structural fracture was registered in 3 patients, around 3 months after loading. All of them had bruxism. Three esthetic complications were registered: midline deviation, canting of the oclusal…

MolarDental prosthesismedicine.medical_treatmentRestauració dentalDentistryJawsReviewTreatment resultsProsthesis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmediate loadingMidline deviationMedicine030212 general & internal medicineArchGeneral DentistryRehabilitationMaxil·larsbusiness.industry030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Pròtesis dentalsDental RestorationUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgical templateOral Surgerybusiness
researchProduct

The impact of restorative material and ceramic thickness on CAD\CAM endocrowns

2019

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:39:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Background: Endocrown restorations as a conservative approach to restore endodontically treated teeth still need an in vitro investigation under fatigue at different materials. This study evaluated the effect of restorative material and restoration thickness on the maximum fracture load of endocrowns subjected to cyclic loading. Material and Methods: Sixty (60) third molar teeth received an endocrown preparation with three different heights of remaining dental tissue (1.5, 3.0 or 4.5 mm). A leucite-based ceramic (LEU) and a lithium disilicate (LD) based ceramic were selected to manuf…

MolarMaterials scienceDentistry02 engineering and technologyCrossheadCAD/CAM03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrownMinimal intervention dentistryLoad to failureLithium disilicateCeramicGeneral DentistryMinimal intervention dentistryProsthetic DentistryEnamel paintbusiness.industryResearch030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFailure loadvisual_artUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASRestorative materialvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologybusinessEndodontically treated teeth
researchProduct

A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Pseudo(mono)radical Azomethine Ylides with Phenyl Vinyl Sulphone

2022

The [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction of an azomethine ylide (AY), derived from isatin and L-proline, with phenyl vinyl sulphone has been studied within Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the ωB97X-D/6-311G(d,p) level. ELF topological analysis of AY classifies it as a pseudo(mono)radical species with two monosynaptic basins at the C1 carbon, integrating a total of 0.76 e. While vinyl sulphone has a strong electrophilic character, AY is a supernucleophile, suggesting a high polar character and low activation energy for the reaction. The nucleophilic Parr functions indicate that the pseudoradical C1 carbon is the most nucleophilic center. The 32CA reaction presents an activat…

Molecular Electron Density Theory; azomethine ylides; [3+2] cycloaddition reaction; molecular mechanism; selectivity; reactivityGeneral Medicine
researchProduct