Search results for "LOAD"

showing 10 items of 1967 documents

18F-Labeling Using Click Cycloadditions

2014

Due to expanding applications of positron emission tomography (PET) there is a demand for developing new techniques to introduce fluorine-18 (t1/2=109.8 min). Considering that most novel PET tracers are sensitive biomolecules and that direct introduction of fluorine-18 often needs harsh conditions, the insertion of18F in those molecules poses an exceeding challenge. Two major challenges during18F-labeling are a regioselective introduction and a fast and high yielding way under mild conditions. Furthermore, attention has to be paid to functionalities, which are usually present in complex structures of the target molecule. The Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and several copper…

Fluorine RadioisotopesGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyCycloaddition ReactionStaining and LabelingComputer sciencelcsh:Rlcsh:MedicineNanotechnologyGeneral MedicineReview ArticleHigh yieldingGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCycloadditionCatalysis18f labelingClick chemistryAnimalsClick ChemistryPet tracerCopperBioMed Research International
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Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Ring‐Strained Noncanonical Amino Acids for Residue‐Specific Bioorthogonal Reactions in Living Cells

2021

Abstract Bioorthogonal reactions are ideally suited to selectively modify proteins in complex environments, even in vivo. Kinetics and product stability of these reactions are crucial parameters to evaluate their usefulness for specific applications. Strain promoted inverse electron demand Diels–Alder cycloadditions (SPIEDAC) between tetrazines and strained alkenes or alkynes are particularly popular, as they allow ultrafast labeling inside cells. In combination with genetic code expansion (GCE)‐a method that allows to incorporate noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) site‐specifically into proteins in vivo. These reactions enable residue‐specific fluorophore attachment to proteins in living mam…

FluorophoreKinetics010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundIn vivoChemical BiologyAnimalsAmino AcidsFluorescent Dyeschemistry.chemical_classificationCycloaddition ReactionFull Paper010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryProteinsprotein engineeringGeneral ChemistryProtein engineeringFull PapersGenetic codelive-cell labeling0104 chemical sciencesAmino acidkineticsAlkynesclick chemistryBiophysicsClick chemistryBioorthogonal chemistryunnatural amino acidsChemistry – A European Journal
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Survey: Intrusion Detection Systems in Encrypted Traffic

2016

Intrusion detection system, IDS, traditionally inspects the payload information of packets. This approach is not valid in encrypted traffic as the payload information is not available. There are two approaches, with different detection capabilities, to overcome the challenges of encryption: traffic decryption or traffic analysis. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the research related to the IDSs in encrypted traffic. The focus is on traffic analysis, which does not need traffic decryption. One of the major limitations of the surveyed researches is that most of them are concentrating in detecting the same limited type of attacks, such as brute force or scanning attacks. Both the …

Focus (computing)Traffic analysisNetwork packetComputer sciencebusiness.industryComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS05 social sciencesPayload (computing)020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologyIntrusion detection systemComputer securitycomputer.software_genreEncryptionSet (abstract data type)Brute force0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesbusinesscomputer050104 developmental & child psychology
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Investigating how user avatar in touchless interfaces affects perceived cognitive load and two-handed interactions

2017

In recent years, touchless-enabling technologies have been more and more adopted for providing public displays with gestural interactivity. This has led to the need for novel visual interfaces aimed at solving issues such as communicating interactivity to users, as well as supporting immediate usability and "natural" interactions. In this paper, we focus our investigation on a visual interface based only on the use of in-air direct manipulations. Our study aims at evaluating whether and how the presence of an Avatar that replays user's movements may decrease the perceived cognitive workload during interactions. Moreover, we conducted a brief evaluation of the relationship between the presen…

Focus (computing)business.industryComputer scienceInterface (computing)05 social sciences020207 software engineeringUsability02 engineering and technologyInteractivityHuman–computer interaction0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringNatural (music)0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesVisual interfacebusiness050107 human factorsCognitive loadAvatar
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Effect of fatigue and gender on kinematics and ground reaction forces variables in recreational runners.

2017

The presence of fatigue has been shown to modify running biomechanics. Overall in terms of gender, women are at lower risk than men for sustaining running-related injuries, although it depends on the factors taken into account. One possible reason for these differences in the injury rate and location might be the dissimilar running patterns between men and women. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fatigue and gender on the kinematic and ground reaction forces (GRF) parameters in recreational runners. Fifty-seven participants (28 males and 29 females) had kinematic and GRF variables measured while running at speed of 3.3 m s−1 before and after a fatigue test protocol. T…

Foot strikemedicine.medical_specialtyRunning economyRunning performancelcsh:MedicineKinematicsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPlantar flexion03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationMedicineBiomechanicsGround reaction forcebusiness.industryGeneral Neurosciencelcsh:RBiomechanics030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineScience and Medical EducationKinesiologyLoading rateRunning economyPublic HealthTest protocolInjury riskGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciencesbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPeerJ
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Synthesis of β- and γ-carbolines via ruthenium and rhodium catalysed [2+2+2] cycloadditions of yne-ynamides with methylcyanoformate

2011

A flexible approach towards substituted β- and γ-carbolines based on transition metal catalysed [2+2+2] cycloaddition reactions between functionalised yne-ynamides and methylcyanoformate is described. The versatility of this new reaction sequence is demonstrated by its application in the total synthesis of the marine natural product eudistomin U.

Formateschemistry.chemical_elementRutheniumCatalysisRhodiumCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundTransition metalReaction sequenceMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryRhodiumNatural productMetals and AlloysTotal synthesisGeneral ChemistryCombinatorial chemistryCycloadditionSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRutheniumchemistryCyclizationAlkynesCeramics and CompositesCarbolinesChemical Communications
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Masonry structures: A proposal of analytical generation of fragility functions for tsunami impact – Application to the Mediterranean coasts

2021

Abstract Evaluation of tsunami vulnerability of coastal buildings is gaining high interest in recent years in the areas with high tsunami hazard. Fragility evaluation is a fundamental step to obtain a quantitative estimation of the probability of building damage and in order to define possible strategies for risk mitigation. Several empirical fragility curves are available for masonry structures. However, an empirical fragility curve is generally based on field surveys after tsunami events, not always available. Conversely, analytical fragility curves are based on prediction approaches. In this paper, a proposal for the evaluation of analytical fragility curves for masonry structures typica…

Fragility curvesHigh interestbusiness.industryMonte Carlo method0211 other engineering and technologiesVulnerability020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyMasonryCivil engineering0201 civil engineeringSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniFragilityTsunami loadsTsunami hazardTsunami fragility functions021105 building & constructionMasonry structuresbusinessRisk managementGeologyCivil and Structural Engineering
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Preparation and reactivity of macrocyclic dienynes

2010

Abstract (1 E ,5 E )-Cyclopentadeca-1,5-dien-3-yne ( 1c ), which represents the first macrocyclic 1,5-dien-3-yne, can be obtained by thermal- or butyllithium-induced fragmentation of the corresponding 1,2,3-selenadiazole 8 . The ( E , E )-dienyne functionality causes a geometrical strain E g , which enhances the reactivity in addition ( 1c → 12 , 13 ) and cycloaddition ( 1c → 10 ) reactions and lowers the isomerization barrier to the unstrained ( E , Z )-configuration 1d ( E g  = 0). A slow process 1c → 1d occurs even at ambient temperatures within several weeks.

Fragmentation (mass spectrometry)Strain (chemistry)StereochemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryDrug DiscoveryReactivity (chemistry)BiochemistryMedicinal chemistryIsomerizationCycloadditionTetrahedron Letters
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A carbon budget model to predict branch carbohydrate deficiencies as a function of water stress and crop load in pistachio (Pistacia veraL.)

2018

The effect of irrigation and crop load on alternate bearing was studied in pistachio tree using a “branch carbon budget model” developed to calculate branch carbohydrate balance. Experiences were conducted in Sicily (37°26’N, 14°03’E, 360 m a.s.l.) on female trees of ‘Bianca’. Two treatments were applied: rainfed (T0) and 100 mm of irrigation (T100). At 29, 44, 65, 86, 103 and 121 DAFB, on one fully expanded leaf selected on three trees per treatment, were monitored leaf gas exchanges. At 15 days interval, three branches treatment-1 were excised and, in the lab, the following parameters were measured: total photosynthetically active leaf surface; number of leaves, fruits, shoot fresh weight…

Fruit thinningIrrigationPistaciaSink-sourceSimulation modelingWater stresschemistry.chemical_elementCarbon balanceHorticultureBiologyCarbohydratePhotosynthesisbiology.organism_classificationAlternate bearingSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeCropHorticulturechemistryCrop load adjustmentIrrigationCarbonActa Horticulturae
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Deploying Virtual MAC Protocols Over a Shared Access Infrastructure Using MAClets

2013

Network virtualization has been extensively researched in the last years as a key enabler for improving the network performance. However, virtualization in wireless networks pose some unique challenges: first, the usual over-provisioning approach for providing isolation between multiple virtual entities is not viable; second, the partitioning criteria are often ambiguous, since the actual resources perceived by each entity depend on many external (and time-varying) factors. In this demo, we show an effective virtualization solution for wireless local area networks, solving the problem of isolation and flexible resource paritioning, based on the concept of MAClets. MAClets are software progr…

Full virtualizationHardware virtualizationNetwork packetComputer scienceWireless networkbusiness.industrySettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniDistributed computingLocal area networkNetwork virtualizationVirtualizationcomputer.software_genreUploadNetwork performancebusinesscomputerComputer networkCognitive network wireless internet mac layer
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