Search results for "LONDON"

showing 10 items of 56 documents

The influence of risk factors on the onset and outcome of psychosis: What we learned from the GAP study

2020

The GAP multidisciplinary study carried out in South London, recruited 410 first episode of psychosis patients and 370 controls; the aim was to elucidate the multiple genetic and environmental factors influencing the onset and outcome of psychosis. The study demonstrated the risk increasing effect of adversity in childhood (especially parental loss, abuse, and bullying) on onset of psychosis especially positive symptoms. Adverse life events more proximal to onset, being from an ethnic minority, and cannabis use also played important roles; indeed, one quarter of new cases of psychosis could be attributed to use of high potency cannabis. The “jumping to conclusions” bias appeared to mediate …

PsychosisHypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemVulnerabilityMultidisciplinary studyEthnic groupPituitary-Adrenal SystemPsychosi03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsLondonmedicineEthnicityHumansFirst episodeChildBiological PsychiatryMinority GroupsOutcomeFirst episodeMarkersFirst episode; Markers; Outcome; Psychosis; Schizophreniabiologybusiness.industryMarkermedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationPsychosis030227 psychiatryFirst episode; Markers; Outcome; Psychosis; Schizophrenia; Child; Ethnicity; Humans; London; Minority Groups; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Risk Factors; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Psychotic DisordersPsychiatry and Mental healthIncreased riskPsychotic DisordersJumping to conclusionsSchizophreniaCannabisbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychology
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How can hepatitis C be prevented in the long term?

2007

Abstract Significant advances have been made in preventing HIV infection among injectors but we still know little about preventing hepatitis C (HCV). Both prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C can remain high among IDUs even in the context of widespread implementation of harm reduction programmes. We need to develop new ways to fill the knowledge gap regarding HCV prevention. One way is to learn from the experts—those IDUs who, after long-term injection in social milieus of high hepatitis C prevalence, nonetheless remain uninfected. We describe a recently commenced program of research that focuses on understanding the strategies, behaviours, and environmental factors associated with "stay…

Research designTime FactorsNational Health ProgramsInternational CooperationHealth BehaviorNew YorkHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Medicine (miscellaneous)Context (language use)medicine.disease_causeArticleSocial supportHarm ReductionEnvironmental healthLondonPrevalencemedicineHumansSubstance Abuse IntravenousHarm reductionbusiness.industryIncidenceHealth PolicySocial SupportHepatitis CConceptual basismedicine.diseaseHepatitis CNeedle-Exchange ProgramsSocioeconomic FactorsResearch DesignSpainNew South WalesbusinessQualitative researchInternational Journal of Drug Policy
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A kinematics analysis of three best 100 m performances ever.

2013

The purpose of this investigation was to compare and determine the relevance of the morphological characteristics and variability of running speed parameters (stride length and stride frequency) between Usain Bolt’s three best 100 m performances. Based on this, an attempt was made to define which factors determine the performance of Usain Bolt's sprint and, therefore, distinguish him from other sprinters. We analyzed the previous world record of 9.69 s set in the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the current record of 9.58 s set in the 2009 Berlin World Championships in Athletics and the O lympic record of 9.63 s set in 2012 London Olympics Games by Usain Bolt. The application of VirtualDub Programme …

Rest (physics)Body heightbusiness.industryLondon OlympicsLeg lengthSTRIDEPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationKinematicsStep frequencySprintPhysiology (medical)StatisticsMedicinebusinessSimulationJournal of human kinetics
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Intermolecular interaction energies and magnetic properties of spin-isolated multinuclear CuII complexes

2020

Dinuclear CuII complexes with 3,5-dinitrobenzoates and 2,2′-bipyridine (2) or 1,10-phenanthroline (3) were synthesized and characterized. A complete energy framework analysis using the HF/3-21G energy model was performed which found that dispersion forces and C—H...O interactions are responsible for the crystal structure features. The magnetic properties of the complexes show a weak magnetic exchange between spins, resulting in low exchange constants of −2.72 (1) cm−1 and −1.10 (1) cm−1 for complexes (2) and (3), respectively. This results from the low overlap between magnetic orbitals induced by 3,5-dinitrobenzoate bridges and the arrangement of the magnetic orbitals. Consequently, the din…

Spins010405 organic chemistryChemistryMetals and AlloysCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesLondon dispersion forceAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic exchangeCrystallographyAtomic orbitalIntermolecular interactionMaterials ChemistrySpin (physics)Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
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Dispersion Forces and Counterintuitive Steric Effects in Main Group Molecules: Heavier Group 14 (Si-Pb) Dichalcogenolate Carbene Analogues with Sub-9…

2013

The synthesis and spectroscopic and structural characterization of an extensive series of acyclic, monomeric tetrylene dichalcogenolates of formula M(ChAr)2 (M = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; Ch = O, S, or Se; Ar = bulky m-terphenyl ligand, including two new acyclic silylenes) are described. They were found to possess several unusual features-the most notable of which is their strong tendency to display acute interligand, Ch-M-Ch, bond angles that are often well below 90°. Furthermore, and contrary to normal steric expectations, the interligand angles were found to become narrower as the size of the ligand was increased. Experimental and structural data in conjunction with high-level DFT calculations, in…

Steric effectsMolecular StructureChemistryLigandStereochemistryGeneral ChemistryBiochemistryLondon dispersion forceCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistryMonomerMolecular geometryOrganometallic CompoundsChalcogensQuantum TheoryMoleculeDispersion (chemistry)MethaneCarbeneta116Journal of the American Chemical Society
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Energy interactions in amyloid-like fibrils from NNQQNY.

2014

We use large-scale MP2 calculations to analyze the interactions appearing in amyloid fibers, which are difficult to determine experimentally. To this end, dimers and trimers of the hexapeptide NNQQNY from the yeast prion-like protein Sup35 were considered as model systems. We studied the energy interactions present in the three levels of organization in which the formation of amyloid fibrils is structured. The structural changes in the hydrogen bonds were studied too. It was found that the most energetic process is the formation of the β-sheet, which is equally due to both hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. The aromatic rings help stabilize these aggregates through stacking of t…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationAmyloidHydrogen bondChemistryStereochemistryStatic ElectricityStackingGeneral Physics and AstronomyAromaticityHydrogen BondingRing (chemistry)London dispersion forceProtein Structure SecondaryPolymerizationsymbols.namesakeCrystallographysymbolsNon-covalent interactionsThermodynamicsAmino Acid SequencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryvan der Waals forceDimerizationPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Resistive state triggered by vortex entry in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ nanostructures

2014

We have realized YBa2Cu3O7-delta nanowires and nano Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (nanoSQUID). The measured temperature dependence of the wire resistances below the superconducting transition temperature has been analyzed using a thermally activated vortex entry model valid for wires wider than the superconducting coherence length. The extracted zero temperature values of the London penetration depth, lambda(0) similar or equal to 270 +/- 15 nm, are in good agreement with the value obtained from critical current modulations as a function of an externally applied magnetic field in a nanoSQUID implementing two nanowires.

Superconducting coherence lengthSuperconductivityResistive touchscreenHigh-temperature superconductivityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsLondon penetration depthNanowireEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionVortexMagnetic fieldlawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysica C: Superconductivity and its Applications
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Electromagnetic behaviour of superconductive amorphous metals

2005

The penetration depth of the magnetic field into an amorphous superconductor is calculated. The ratio of the London penetration depth δL to the electron free path le under zero temperature is above unity for almost all amorphous metals. That is why pure metals, in a superconducting state, change from type I superconductors to type II superconductors during the crystalline–amorphous transition.

SuperconductivityMaterials scienceAmorphous metalCondensed matter physicsMean free pathLondon penetration depthCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksAmorphous solidCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMeissner effectCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityGeneral Materials SciencePenetration depthType-II superconductorJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Temperature dependence of the magnetic Casimir-Polder interaction

2009

We analyze the magnetic dipole contribution to atom-surface dispersion forces. Unlike its electrical counterpart, it involves small transition frequencies that are comparable to thermal energy scales. A significant temperature dependence is found near surfaces with a nonzero DC conductivity, leading to a strong suppression of the dispersion force at T > 0. We use thermal response theory for the surface material and discuss both normal metals and superconductors. The asymptotes of the free energy of interaction and of the entropy are calculated analytically over a large range of distances. Near a superconductor, the onset of dissipation at the phase transition strongly changes the interac…

SuperconductivityPhysicsQuantum PhysicsPhase transitionMagnetic momentCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesDissipationLondon dispersion forceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterCasimir effectDipoleCasimir-Polder force Casimir effect dispersion forcesQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Magnetic dipoleOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Physical Review A
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Letter on the election of Ernesto Foldats as a member of The Linnean Society of London

1993

Letter on the election of Ernesto Foldats as a member of The Linnean Society of London, stating that, subject to the conditions, Ernesto Foldat must attend a meeting of the society for official admission within six months of the election, but an extension is possible. A member is not entitled to vote at any meeting of the Society until an official admission has taken place. Letter on 1 page, signature of the executive secretary of the society at the bottom. Stored in the Museum of the University of Latvia Botanical and Mycological collections.

The Linnean Society of LondonErnests FoldātsLondonas Linneja biedrība:HUMANITIES and RELIGION::History and philosophy subjects::History subjects::History of science [Research Subject Categories]VenezuelaVenecuēlaErnesto Foldat
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