Search results for "Laboratory"

showing 10 items of 923 documents

The Structure and Behavioural Effects of Revealed Social Identity Preferences

2020

A large body of evidence shows that social identity affects behaviour. However, our understanding of the substantial variation of these behavioural effects is still limited. We use a novel laboratory experiment to measure differences in preferences for social identities as a potential source of behavioural heterogeneity. Facing a trade-off between monetary payments and belonging to different groups, individuals are willing to forego significant earnings to avoid belonging to certain groups. We then show that individual differences in these foregone earnings correspond to the differences in discriminatory behaviour towards these groups. Our results illustrate the importance of considering in…

Structure (mathematical logic)Economics and EconometricsLife Cycle Models and SavingEarningsIntertemporal ChoiceEconomicsGroup behaviormedia_common.quotation_subjectSocial distance05 social sciencesPaymentSocial preferencesLaboratoryVariation (linguistics)0502 economics and businessIndividual Behavior050207 economicsSocial identity theoryPsychologySocial psychologyhealth care economics and organizations/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/557389186050205 econometrics media_commonSocial status
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TeamSim: An Educational Micro-World for the Teaching of Team Dynamics

2008

In this paper we present an educational micro-world in which a learner can manipulate variables affecting the efficiency with which a team adapts to its environment. These include the structure of hierarchical relations within the team, the structure of the communications network, and other environmental parameters. Using the micro-world, the learner can design experiments (simulations) exploring notions in the dynamics of small groups. A freeware version of TeamSim is available from http:// laral.istc.cnr.it/gigliotta/.

Structure (mathematical logic)Settore M-PSI/01 - Psicologia GeneraleEngineeringMultimediabusiness.industrycomputer.software_genresimulationSmall group dynamics small team communications network educational simulation virtual laboratory.Learning TechnologieDynamics (music)Human–computer interactionVirtual LaboratorybusinessTeam dynamiccomputerInstructional simulation
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The Role of Anisotropy on the Volumetric Behaviour of Opalinus Clay upon Suction Change

2017

An experimental investigation to analyse the anisotropic volumetric response of shaly and sandy facies of Opalinus Clay upon suction variations is presented. Obtained results demonstrate the different behaviour of the tested facies to a wetting-drying cycle. The shaly facies exhibits higher water retention capacity and stronger volumetric response than the sandy facies. Anisotropic response is experienced by both facies with the strain perpendicular to bedding higher than in the parallel direction. The sandy facies exhibits a more pronounced anisotropic behaviour in particular during the drying phase. A detailed analysis of the response in the two directions with respect to the bedding orie…

SuctionsuctionSettore ICAR/07 - GeotecnicaBedding0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technology010502 geochemistry & geophysicsopalinus clay01 natural sciencesSoilPhase (matter)FaciesShalesPerpendicularLaboratory TestingGeotechnical engineeringPetrologyAnisotropyGeology021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Comparison of laboratory-scale thermophilic biofilm and activated sludge processes integrated with a mesophilic activated sludge process

2003

A combined thermophilic-mesophilic wastewater treatment was studied using a laboratory-scale thermophilic activated sludge process (ASP) followed by mesophilic ASP or a thermophilic suspended carrier biofilm process (SCBP) followed by mesophilic ASP, both systems treating diluted molasses (dilution factor 1:500 corresponding GF/A-filtered COD (COD(filt)) of 1900+/-190 mgl(-1)). With hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 12-18 h the thermophilic ASP and thermophilic SCBP removed 60+/-13% and 62+/-7% of COD(filt), respectively, with HRT of 8 h the removals were 48+/-1% and 69+/-4%. The sludge volume index (SVI) was notably lower in the thermophilic SCBP (measured from suspended sludge) than in …

Suspended solidsEnvironmental EngineeringSewageWaste managementRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryThermophileTemperatureBiofilmBioengineeringGeneral MedicineLaboratory scalePulp and paper industryWaste Disposal FluidAerobiosisBiodegradation EnvironmentalActivated sludgeBiofilmsSewage treatmentWater MicrobiologyWaste Management and DisposalEffluentMesophileBioresource Technology
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Long Term Outcome after Application of the Angio-Seal Vascular Closure Device in Minipigs

2016

PLoS one 11(9), e0163878 (2016). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0163878

SwineAnticoagulant Therapylcsh:MedicineFemoral artery030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPathology and Laboratory Medicine030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingWhite Blood Cells0302 clinical medicinePig ModelsAnimal CellsMedicine and Health SciencesVascular closure deviceLymphocyteslcsh:ScienceComputed tomography angiographyMammalsStenosisMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testPharmaceuticsAgricultureArteriesAnimal ModelsClopidogrelCardiovascular Therapymedicine.anatomical_structureVertebratesAnatomyCellular TypesArterymedicine.drugResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyLivestockImmune CellsAnimal TypesImmunologyLumen (anatomy)Research and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsModel OrganismsDrug TherapyDiagnostic Medicinemedicine.arterymedicineAnimalsDomestic AnimalsBlood Cellsbusiness.industrylcsh:ROrganismsBiology and Life SciencesCell BiologyFemoral ArteriesInternal elastic laminamedicine.diseaseSurgeryStenosisAmniotesCardiovascular AnatomyBlood Vesselslcsh:QbusinessZoologyPLoS ONE
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Plasticity of retinal ribbon synapses.

1996

Ribbon synapses differ from conventional chemical synapses in that they contain, within the cloud of synaptic vesicles (SV's), a specialized synaptic body, most often termed synaptic ribbon (SR). This body assumes various forms. Reconstructions reveal that what appear as rod- or ribbon-like profiles in sections are in fact rectangular or horseshoe-shaped plates. Moreover, spherical, T-shaped, table-shaped, and highly pleomorphic bodies may be present. In mammals, ribbon synapses are present in afferent synapses of photoreceptors, bipolar nerve cells, and hair cells of both the organ of Corti and the vestibular organ. Synaptic ribbons (SR's) are also found in the intrinsic cells of the third…

Synaptic ribbonRetinaHistologyNeuronal PlasticityLateral lineSynapsinBiologyRibbon synapseSynaptic vesicleRetinaSynapseMedical Laboratory Technologychemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrySynapsesBiophysicsmedicineAnimalsHumanssense organsAnatomyNeurotransmitterInstrumentationNeuroscienceMicroscopy research and technique
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Cluster of Legionnaires’ Disease in an Italian Prison

2019

Background: Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the most common etiologic agent causing Legionnaires&rsquo

SystemVeterinary medicine<i>Legionella pneumophila</i>Health Toxicology and Mutagenesismedia_common.quotation_subjectwaterlcsh:MedicinePrison030230 surgeryReference laboratoryDisease clusterLegionella pneumophilaArticleLegionella pneumophila03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePrevalencemedicineCluster AnalysisHumansTypingclusterGenotypingmedia_common0303 health sciencesbiology030306 microbiologylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthSequence typesbacterial infections and mycosesbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesItalyPrisonsbacteriasystemsLegionnaires' diseaseprisonLegionnaires' DiseaseWater MicrobiologyEnvironmental MonitoringInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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One is not enough: On the effects of reference genome for the mapping and subsequent analyses of short-reads.

2020

Mapping of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) reads to a single arbitrary reference genome is a frequently used approach in microbial genomics. However, the choice of a reference may represent a source of errors that may affect subsequent analyses such as the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and phylogenetic inference. In this work, we evaluated the effect of reference choice on short-read sequence data from five clinically and epidemiologically relevant bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens). Publicly available whole-genome assemblies encompassing the genomic diversity of these species…

Systematic errorSingle Nucleotide PolymorphismsPathology and Laboratory MedicineGenomeKlebsiella PneumoniaeDatabase and Informatics MethodsData sequencesKlebsiellaMedicine and Health SciencesBiology (General)CladePhylogenyData ManagementEcologyPhylogenetic treeBacterial GenomicsMicrobial GeneticsChromosome MappingHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingPhylogenetic AnalysisGenomicsBacterial PathogensPhylogeneticsLegionella PneumophilaComputational Theory and MathematicsMedical MicrobiologyModeling and SimulationPathogensSequence AnalysisResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesBioinformaticsQH301-705.5LegionellaSequence alignmentSingle-nucleotide polymorphismGenomicsComputational biologyMicrobial GenomicsBiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsPolymorphism Single NucleotideMicrobiologyCellular and Molecular NeurosciencePhylogeneticsGeneticsSNPBacterial GeneticsEvolutionary SystematicsMolecular BiologyMicrobial PathogensEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTaxonomyEvolutionary BiologyBacteriaOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesBacteriologySequence AlignmentGenome BacterialReference genomePLoS Computational Biology
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Thermal inertia modeling for soil surface water content estimation: A laboratory experiment

2012

We are proposing a new method for estimating soil surface water content from thermal inertia distributions retrieved from visible–near infrared (VISNIR)and thermal infrared (TIR) images. A drying experiment was conducted on three fi ne-textured soils while acquiring multispectral VIS-NIR and TIR images. Simultaneous measurements of soil water content and thermal inertia were conducted by the thermogravimetric method and the heat pulse technique, respectively. Direct measurements were used to test the thermal inertia approach proposed by Murray and Verhoef that requires only knowledge of soil porosity and can be easily inverted to derive soil water content from thermal inertia. For the three…

TIR thermal infraredVIS-NIR visible–near infraredThermal inertiaSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliSoil ScienceEnvironmental scienceSoil scienceGeotechnical engineeringSoil surfaceLaboratory experimentATI apparent thermal inertiaWater content
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The effects of virtuality level on task-related collaborative behaviors: The mediating role of team trust

2013

This study aims to analyze the mediating role of team trust in the relationship between virtuality level and task-related collaborative behaviors. Three types of task-related collaborative behaviors were studied, namely team coordination, team cooperation, and team information exchange. Drawing upon theory and research on virtual teams and trust, we hypothesized that team trust partially mediated the effects of virtuality level on team coordination, team cooperation, and team information exchange. A laboratory experiment was carried out with 65 four-person teams randomly assigned to three communication media with different virtuality levels (face-to-face, video conference and computer-media…

Team compositionKnowledge managementbusiness.industryTeam effectivenesscomputer.software_genreHuman-Computer InteractionTeam learningVideoconferencingArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Virtuality (gaming)Laboratory experimentbusinessPsychologycomputerGeneral PsychologyInformation exchangeComputers in Human Behavior
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