Search results for "League"

Internationalization and democratization interconnected : the Swedish and Finnish parliaments debating membership in the League of Nations in 1920

2019

In the aftermath of the First World War, constitutions of European states were widely democratized and parliamentarized, and similar turns were expected in international relations as a consequence of the creation of the League of Nations. This comparative analysis of Swedish and Finnish parliamentary debates on the League membership focusing on conceptualizations of the national versus international demonstrates how democratization and internationalization merged discursively. This happened to a greater extent than in the British parliament or the First Assembly of the League. Such entanglements followed from the interconnectedness of constitutional and foreign policy questions during prece…

Football clubs ownership and management. The fans perspective. [Propiedad y gestión de los clubes de fútbol. La perspectiva de los aficionados].

2014

Two decades after the entry into force of the law that stimulated the conversion of the football clubs into public limited sports companies (Sport Law of 1990), this article presents an investigation on the perceptions that the fans have of its configuration and functioning. The changes that have taken place in the ownership and management of the clubs are examined from the point of view of the fans, as well as the consequences that these changes have had in their relation with the clubs. Following the presentation of the process that led to the transformation of the Spanish clubs of football in public limited sports companies, the main results of a qualitative research with 25 football fan…

Epidemiology of Injuries in First Division Spanish Women’s Soccer Players

2021

The epidemiology of injuries in female soccer has been studied extensively in several national leagues. Even so, data on the first division Spanish league are limited. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of the first division of the Spanish Women’s Soccer League and to analyze data in relation to game position, circumstance, or the moment of injury. Fifteen teams and 123 players participated in the study. Players’ characteristics and their injuries (location, type, diagnosis, circumstance, and moment) were collected. Injuries were described by their frequencies (number and percentage) and incidence rates (IR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Lower limb injuries …

Injury in elite women soccer and national women soccer in the lower extremity

2018

Purpose: Analyse the epidemiology of women's soccer harmful depending on the category of game. Materials and Methods: There were 26 participants (38 Super League and 32 National League women) with a mean age of 21.20 ± 4.64 years and body mass index (BMI) of 21.94 ± 1.79 kg/m2. There are several reasons why the health problems of the women’s soccer must be taken into account. Among these reasons, we think that the speed actions in this sport will have a great impact on the health of competitors. In addition, the women are more prone to overuse injuries due to the morphological characteristics. Results: Musculoskeletal injuries and pain were importance to women’s soccer of two levels. This w…

The Rockefeller Foundation and the League of Nations: Public Health in Europe (1920-1945)

2021

The Rockefeller Foundation (RF) and the League of Nations (LON) played a fundamental role in stabilization policies during the interwar period. Public health became essential in this context due to the immediate consequences of the war, the post-war economic crisis and the Great Depression. RF and LON became the cornerstone of international action in several fields: epidemics, famine, malnutrition, infectious diseases, infant mortality, drug abuse, biological and dietary standard-setting, epidemiological records, public health policies and professionalization. In the shaping international health expertise, LON and RF collaboration was extremely important, in terms of determining goals and p…

Multifactorial individualised programme for hamstring muscle injury risk reduction in professional football: protocol for a prospective cohort study

2020

IntroductionHamstring muscle injuries (HMI) continue to plague professional football. Several scientific publications have encouraged a multifactorial approach; however, no multifactorial HMI risk reduction studies have been conducted in professional football. Furthermore, individualisation of HMI management programmes has only been researched in a rehabilitation setting. Therefore, this study aims to determine if aspecificmultifactorial and individualised programme can reduce HMI occurrence in professional football.Methods and analysisWe conducted a prospective cohort study over two seasons within the Finnish Premier League and compare the amount of HMI sustained during a control season to…

O nowy kształt Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Z dziejów myśli geopolitycznej Ligi Niepodległości Polski po II wojnie światowej

2020

The Polish Independence League established at the end of 1944 became the political representation of Piłsudski’s adherents in exile. The head office of the PIL was in London, where Piłsudski’s adherents published a bulletin ‘Listy z Londynu’ (Letters from London), and then a magazine ‘Za Wolność i Niepodległość’ (For Freedom and Independence) published irregularly, in which they promoted their political concepts. The establishment of a regional union of states (federation) in Central and Eastem Europę after World War II occupied a prominent place in the political thought of the Marshall’s heirs. They were in favour of political, military and economic integration of the countries in this par…

Työväenpuolueen ja työläisnaisten puolesta : Womenʻs Labour League vuodesta 1906 vuoden 1918 loppuun

2010

Käsittelen pro gradu- työssäni Women´s Labour League-järjestön (WLL) näkemyksiä ja suhdetta työtä tekeviin naisiin, kotiäiteihin sekä työväenpuolueeseen järjestön perustamisesta vuonna 1906 siihen asti, kun se vuoden 1918 lopulla liittyi virallisesti osaksi työväenpuoluetta. Tutkin sitä, miten niiden etujen ajaminen ja näkemykset näkyivät WLL:n toiminnassa sekä kumman asioiden ajaminen oli järjestölle tärkeämpää. Lisäksi pohdin sitä, vaikuttivatko erilaiset aikakaudelle tyypilliset yhteiskunnalliset tekijät, kuten sosialismi, keskiluokan näkemykset työväenluokasta ja etenkin sen naisista sekä suffragetit, WLL:n ajatuksiin ja toimintaan. Pääasiallisina alkuperäislähteinä käytän WLL:n johtoku…

Are the Padanians a nation? : Lega Nord and nationalism in Italy

2002

Nationalism and Internationalism Reconciled : British Concepts for a New World Order during and after the World Wars

2018

The carnage of World War I gave rise to liberal visions for a new world order with democratized foreign policy and informed international public opinion. Conservatives emphasized continuity in national sovereignty, while socialists focused on the interests of the working class. While British diplomacy in the construction of the League of Nations has been widely discussed, we focus on contemporary uses of nationalism and internationalism in parliamentary and press debates that are more ideological. We also examine how failed internationalist visions influenced uses of these concepts during World War II, supporting alternative organizational solutions, caution with the rhetoric of democracy a…